PAC1934T-I/JQ

PAC1931/2/3/4 Single/Multi-Channel DC Power/Energy Monitor with Accumulator Features Applications • High-Side Current Monitor with One, Two, Three or Four Channels - 100 mV full-scale range for current sense voltage,16-bit resolution - Selectable bidirectional current sense capability, -100 mV to +100 mV range, 16-bit two’s complement (signed) data format - External sense resistor sets full scale current range - Very low input current simplifies routing • Wide Bus Voltage Range for Voltage Monitor - 0V to 32V input common-mode voltage - 16-bit resolution for voltage measurements; 14 bits are used for power calculations • Real Time Auto-Calibration of Offset and Gain Errors for Voltage and Current, No User Adjustment Required • 1% Power Measurement Accuracy over a Wide Dynamic Range • On-Chip Accumulation of 28-bit Power Results for Energy Measurement - 48-bit power accumulator register for recording accumulated power data - 24-bit Accumulator Count - User programmable sampling rates of 8, 64, 256 and 1024 samples per second - 17 minutes of power data accumulation minimum at 1024 S/s - Over 36 hours of power data accumulation minimum at 8 S/s • 2.7V to 5.5V Supply Operation - Separate VDD I/O pin for digital I/O - 1.62-5.5V capable SMBus and digital I/O - SMBus 3.0 and I2C Fast Mode Plus (1 Mb/S) • SMBus Address – 16 Options, set with Resistor • No Input Filters Required • ALERT Features that can be Enabled: - ALERT on accumulator overflow - ALERT on Conversion Complete • 4 × 4 × 0.5 mm UQFN Package • 2.225 × 2.17 mm WLCSP Package • • • • • • • • • •  2017-2019 Microchip Technology Inc. Embedded Computing Networking FPGA Systems Automotive Low Voltage/High Power – AI, GPU Industrial Linux® Applications Notebook and Tablet Computing Cloud, Linux and Server Computing Optical Networking Modules Computing Platform Support • Windows® 10 Driver • Linux Driver • Python™ Script Description The PAC1931/2/3/4 are one, two, three and four-channel power and energy monitoring devices. A high-voltage multiplexer sequentially connects the inputs to a bus voltage monitor and current sense amplifier that feed high-resolution ADCs. Digital circuitry performs power calculations and energy accumulation. This enables energy monitoring with integration periods from 1 ms up to 36 hours or longer. Bus voltage, sense resistor voltage and accumulated proportional power are stored in registers for retrieval by the system master or Embedded Controller. The sampling rate and energy integration period can be controlled over SMBus or I2C. Active channel selection, one-shot measurements and other controls are also configurable by SMBus or I2C. The PAC1931/2/3/4 device family uses real time calibration to minimize offset and gain errors. No input filters are required for this device. DS20005850E-page 1 PAC1931/2/3/4 Package Types PAC1931/2/3/4 – Top View 2.225 × 2.17 mm WLCSP SLOW/ALERT VDD 13 SENSE2+ 14 SENSE2- VDD I/O 15 16 PWRDN PAC1932/3/4 – Top View 4 × 4 × 0.5 mm UQFN* 1 2 12 SENSE1- 11 SENSE1+ 9 SENSE4- 8 4 SENSE3+ SM_CLK 7 SENSE4+ SENSE3- 10 6 3 ADDRSEL GND 5 2 3 4 SENSE2+ SENSE1- SENSE1+ VDD SENSE2- VDD I/O PWRDN GND SENSE3- ADDRSEL SLOW/ALERT SM_CLK SENSE3+ SENSE4- SENSE4+ SM_DATA A B Exposed pad SM_DATA 1 C D *Includes Exposed Thermal Pad; see Table 3-1. Device Block Diagram VDD SENSE 1+ VBUS1 SENSE 1- Sen se1+ Sen se1- SENSE 2+ VBUS2 VBUS3 SENSE 3- Differen tia l VSENS E Amplifier VBUS Registe rs 16-bit ADC 16-bit ADC Calculation and Calibra tion VDD I/O VSENS E Registe rs 2 SENSE 3+ VBUS Buffer/ Divi der VPOWE R Registe rs Accumlato r Sen se3+ Sen se3- I C/SMBus SENSE 2- Sen se2+ Sen se2- GND Accumulator Registe rs SM_CLK SM_DATA SLO W/ALE RT SENSE 4+ VBUS4 SENSE 4- Sen se4+ Sen se4- ADC/MUX Clocking & Control High Voltage MUX Note: Control Registe rs PWRDN Resistor Decoder ADDRS EL For PAC1931, channels 2, 3 and 4 are inactive. For PAC1932, channels 3 and 4 are inactive. For PAC1933, channel 4 is inactive. DS20005850E-page 2  2017-2019 Microchip Technology Inc. PAC1931/2/3/4 1.0 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS 1.1 Electrical Specifications Absolute Maximum Ratings(†) VDD pin............................................................................................................................................................-0.3 to 6.0V Voltage on SENSE- and SENSE+ pins ............................................................................................................-0.3 to 40V Voltage on any other pin to GND .........................................................................................................GND -0.3 to +6.0V Voltage between Sense pins (|(SENSE+ – SENSE-)|)..........................................................................................500 mV Input current to any pin except VDD .................................................................................................................... ±100 mA Output short-circuit current.............................................................................................................................. Continuous Junction to Ambient (J-A) ...................................................................................................................................+78°C/W Operating Ambient Temperature Range ..................................................................................................... -40 to +150°C Storage Temperature Range....................................................................................................................... -55 to +150°C ESD Rating – all pins – HBM...................................................................................................................................4000V ESD Rating – all pins – CDM ..................................................................................................................................2000V † Notice: Stresses above those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at those or any other conditions above those indicated in the operation listings of this specification is not implied. Exposure above maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. ESD Protection Diagram (Floating ESD rail) SM_DATA SM_CLK PWRDN SLO W/ ALE RT ADDRS EL VDD I/O GND VDD CLAMP CIRCUIT SENSE1+ SENSE2+ SENSE3+ SENSE4+ SENSE1- SENSE2- SENSE3- SENSE4(~40v br eakdown) This diagram represents the ESD protection circuitry on the PAC1934. The SENSE pins are allowed to be at 32V if VDD is at zero. The back-to-back diodes between the Sense+ and Sense- pins have 1 kΩ resistors in series with them. For PAC1931, PAC1932 and PAC1933, some of the SENSE pins are not electrically connected inside. These unconnected pins should be grounded.  2017-2019 Microchip Technology Inc. DS20005850E-page 3 PAC1931/2/3/4 TABLE 1-1: DC CHARACTERISTICS Electrical Characteristics: Unless otherwise specified, maximum values are at TA = -40°C to +85°C, VDD = 2.7V to 5.5V, VDD I/O= 1.62V to 5.5V, VBUS = 0V to 32V; typical values are at TA = +25°C VDD = VDD I/O = 3.3V, VBUS = 32V, VSENSE = (SENSE+ – SENSE-) = 0V Characteristic Symbol Min. Typ. Max. Unit Conditions Power Supply VDD Range VDD 2.7 — 5.5 V VDD I/O Range VDD I/O 1.62 — 5.5 V VDD Pin Active Current IDD — 585 675 µA 1024 Samples/s All IDD specifications are the same for PAC1931/2/3/4 VDD Pin Active Current IDD SLOW — 16 — µA 4 channels enabled, 8 Samples/s Minimum VDD Rise Rate VDD_RISE_MIN — 0.05 — V/ms 0 to 5V in 100 ms Maximum VDD Rise Rate VDD_RISE — 1000 — V/ms 0 to 5V in 5 µs VDD Sleep Current IDD_SLEEP — 5 — µA Sleep State VDD Power-Down Current IDD_PWRDN — 0.1 — µA Power-Down State IDD I/O — — 2 µA All States Common-mode range for SENSE+ and SENSE- pins, referenced to ground (negative range not tested in production) VDD I/O Current Analog Input Characteristics VBUS Voltage Range VBUS –0.2V — 32 V VSENSE Differential Input Voltage Range VSENSE_DIF –100 — 100 mV SENSE+, SENSE- Pin Input Current ISENSE +, ISENSE- –7 0 7 µA VSENSE+ = VSENSE- = 32V (Input current is the combined current for the two pins) SENSE+, SENSE- Pin Input current ISENSE +, ISENSE- –1 0 1 µA VSENSE+ = 6V, VSENSE- = 5.9V RTRACE — 1 — k — ±0.2 ±1 ±0.9 % % At +25°C typical, -40 to +85°C — ±0.012 ±0.012 ±0.1 mV mV At +25°C typical, -40 to +85°C VBUS, VSENSE Input Trace Resistance (allowable trace resistance without measurement error) VSENSE Measurement Accuracy VSENSE Gain Accuracy VSENSE Offset Accuracy, referenced to input VSENSE_ GAIN_ERR VBUS_ OFFSET_ERR VSENSE – Unidirectional Currents VSENSE ADC Resolution VSENSE_RES — — 16 Bits Straight Binary for unidirectional currents VSENSE Full Scale Range VSENSE_FSR 0 — 100 mV Unidirectional currents VSENSE LSB Step Size VSENSE_LSB — 1.5 — µV Unidirectional currents DS20005850E-page 4  2017-2019 Microchip Technology Inc. PAC1931/2/3/4 TABLE 1-1: DC CHARACTERISTICS (CONTINUED) Electrical Characteristics: Unless otherwise specified, maximum values are at TA = -40°C to +85°C, VDD = 2.7V to 5.5V, VDD I/O= 1.62V to 5.5V, VBUS = 0V to 32V; typical values are at TA = +25°C VDD = VDD I/O = 3.3V, VBUS = 32V, VSENSE = (SENSE+ – SENSE-) = 0V Characteristic Symbol Min. Typ. Max. Unit Conditions VSENSE – Bidirectional Currents VSENSE ADC Resolution VSENSE_RES — — 16 bits 16-bit two’s complement (signed) VSENSE Full Scale Range VSENSE_FSR -100 — 100 mV Bidirectional currents VSENSE LSB Step Size VSENSE_LSB — 3 — µV Bidirectional currents VBUS_GAIN_ERR — ±0.02 ±0.2 ±0.5 % % At +25°C typical, -40 to +85°C VBUS_ — ±1 ±2 — LSB LSB At +25°C typical, -40 to +85°C Straight Binary for unidirectional currents VBUS Measurement Accuracy VBUS Gain Accuracy VBUS Offset Accuracy, referenced to input OFFSET_ERR VBUS – Unipolar Voltages VBUS ADC Resolution VBUS_RES — — 16 bits VBUS Unipolar Full-Scale Range VBUS_FSR 0 — 32 V Unipolar voltage VBUS LSB Step Size VBUS_LSB — 488 — µV FSR = 32V, 16-bit resolution VBUS ADC Resolution VBUS_RES — — 16 bits 16-bit two's complement (signed) numbers are reported for VBUS measurement result VBUS Bipolar Full-Scale Range VBUS_FSR –32 — 32 V Mathematical scaling. Physics limits the negative input voltage to -0.2V VBUS LSB Step Size VBUS_LSB — 976 — µV Bipolar voltages ACC_Err — 0.2 — % VSENSE = 97 mV ACC_Err — 0.2 — % VSENSE = 10 mV Accumulator Error ACC_Err — 1 — % VSENSE = 1 mV Accumulator Error ACC_Err — 3 — % VSENSE = 100 µV Accumulator Error ACC_Err — 5 — % VSENSE = 50 µV Pull-Up Voltage Range VPULLUP 1.62 — 5.5 V Pull-up voltage for I2C/SMBus pins and digital I/O pins. Set by VDD I/O. Time to First Communications tINT_T — 14.25 — ms tSLEEP_TO_ACTIVE — 3 — ms VBUS – Bipolar Voltages Power Accumulator Accuracy Accumulator Error Accumulator Error Active Mode Timing Transition From Sleep State to Start of Conversion Cycle Digital I/O Pins (SM_CLK, SM_DATA, SLOW/ALERT, PWRDN) Input High Voltage VIH VDD I/O x 0.7 — — V Input Low Voltage VIL — — VDD I/O x 0.3 V  2017-2019 Microchip Technology Inc. DS20005850E-page 5 PAC1931/2/3/4 TABLE 1-1: DC CHARACTERISTICS (CONTINUED) Electrical Characteristics: Unless otherwise specified, maximum values are at TA = -40°C to +85°C, VDD = 2.7V to 5.5V, VDD I/O= 1.62V to 5.5V, VBUS = 0V to 32V; typical values are at TA = +25°C VDD = VDD I/O = 3.3V, VBUS = 32V, VSENSE = (SENSE+ – SENSE-) = 0V Characteristic Symbol Min. Typ. Max. Unit Output Low Voltage VOL — — 0.4 V Leakage Current ILEAK –1 — +1 µA DS20005850E-page 6 Conditions Sinking 8 mA for the ALERT pin and 20 mA for the SMCLK pin  2017-2019 Microchip Technology Inc. PAC1931/2/3/4 TABLE 1-2: SMBUS MODULE SPECIFICATIONS Electrical Characteristics: Unless otherwise specified, maximum values are at TA = -40°C to +85°C, VDD = 2.7V to 5.5V, VBUS = 0V to 32V; Typical values are at TA = +25°C, VDD = 3.3V, VBUS = 32V, VSENSE = (SENSE+ – SENSE-) = 0V, VDD I/O = 1.62V to 5.5V Characteristic Sym. Min. Typ. Max. Units Conditions CIN — 4 10 pF fSMB .010 — 1 MHz tSP 0 — 50 ns tBUF 0.5 — — µs Per SMBus 3.0 Hold Time after Repeated Start Condition tHD:STA 0.26 — — µs Per SMBus 3.0 Repeated Start Condition Setup Time tSU:STA 0.26 — — µs Per SMBus 3.0 Setup Time: Stop tSU:STO 0.26 — — µs Per SMBus 3.0 Setup Time: Start tSU:STA 0.26 — — µs Data Hold Time tHD:DAT 0 — — µs Data Setup Time tSU:DAT 50 — — ns Per SMBus 3.0 (Note) Clock Low Period tLOW 0.5 — — µs Per SMBus 3.0 Clock High Period tHIGH 0.26 — 50 µs Clock/Data Fall Time tFALL — — 120 ns Not tested in production SMBus Interface Input Capacitance Not tested in production SMBus Timing Clock Frequency Spike Suppression Bus Free Time Stop to Start Clock/Data Rise Time Capacitive Load SLOW Pin Pulse Width Note: No minimum if Time-Out is not enabled tRISE — — 120 ns Not tested in production CLOAD — — 550 pF Per bus line, CLOAD not tested in production SLOWpw — 100 — µs Pulses narrower than 100 µS may not be detected A device must internally provide a hold time of at least 300 ns for the SM_DATA signal (with respect to the VIH(min) of the SM_CLK signal) to bridge the undefined region of the falling edge of SM_CLK. TLOW THIGH THD:STA TRISE SMCLK T THD:STA HD:DAT TSU:STO TFALL TSU:DA TSU:STA T SMDATA TBUF P FIGURE 1-1: S S - Start Condition S P - Stop Condition P SMBus Timing.  2017-2019 Microchip Technology Inc. DS20005850E-page 7 PAC1931/2/3/4 2.0 TYPICAL OPERATING CURVES Note: The graphs and tables provided following this note are a statistical summary based on a limited number of samples and are provided for informational purposes only. The performance characteristics listed herein are not tested or guaranteed. In some graphs or tables, the data presented may be outside the specified operating range (e.g., outside specified power supply range) and therefore outside the warranted range. Note: Unless otherwise indicated, maximum values are at TA = -40°C to +85°C, VDD = 2.7V to 5.5V, VBUS = 0V to 32V; typical values are at TA = +25°C, VDD = 3.3V, VBUS = 3.3V, VSENSE = (SENSE+ – SENSE-) = 0V, VDD I/O = 1.62 to 5.5V. 10 25 3.3vDC 25oC 3.3vDC 0oC 15 Error (percent) 5 Error (percent) 3.3vDC -40oC 20 0 5 3.3vDC 25oC 10 3.3vDC 85oC 5 3.3vDC 125oC 0 -5 -10 -15 -10 10uV FIGURE 2-1: Input Voltage. 100uV 1mV Sense Input Voltage 100mV VSENSE Error vs. VSENSE 1uV 0 0.0125% -0.025% -80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 Sense Input Voltage (mV) Error (%FullScale) Error (%FullScale) CM3.3v 3.3vDC 25oC 0 -0.0125% -0.5mV 0 0.5mV Sense Input Voltage Ch1 3.3vDC -40oC o Ch1 3.3vDC 0 C Ch1 3.3vDC 25oC 0.025% 0 CM1v 3.3vDC 25oC CM3v 3.3vDC 25oC CM5v 3.3vDC 25oC -0.025% CM16v 3.3vDC 25oC Ch1 3.3vDC 85oC -0.15% 0 1mV 0.05% 0 -0.1% 100mV FIGURE 2-5: VSENSE Error vs. VSENSE Input Voltage Bidirectional Mode (Zoom View). 0.05% -0.05% 10mV 0.0125% -0.025% -1mV 80 FIGURE 2-2: VSENSE Error vs. VSENSE Input Voltage Bidirectional Mode. 0.1mV 1mV Sense Input Voltage 0.025% Error (%FullScale) 0.0125% 10uV FIGURE 2-4: VSENSE Error vs. VSENSE Input Voltage and Temperature. CM3.3v 3.3vDC 25oC 0.025% Error (%FullScale) 10mV Ch1 3.3vDC 125oC 20mV 40mV 60mV Sense Input Voltage 80mV 100mV FIGURE 2-3: VSENSE Error vs. VSENSE Input Voltage vs. Temperature. DS20005850E-page 8 -0.05% 0 CM32v 3.3vDC 25oC 20mV 40mV 60mV Sense Input Voltage 80mV 100mV FIGURE 2-6: VSENSE Error vs. VSENSE and Common Mode.  2017-2019 Microchip Technology Inc. PAC1931/2/3/4 Note: Unless otherwise indicated, maximum values are at TA = -40°C to +85°C, VDD = 2.7V to 5.5V, VBUS = 0V to 32V; typical values are at TA = +25°C, VDD = 3.3V, VBUS = 3.3V, VSENSE = (SENSE+ – SENSE-) = 0V, VDD I/O = 1.62 to 5.5V. 25 25 3.3vDC 25oC Error (percent) Error (percent) 20 15 10 5 20 3.3vDC 0oC 15 3.3vDC 85oC 3.3vDC 25oC 3.3vDC 125oC 10 5 0 1mV 10mV 0.1V 1V Input Voltage FIGURE 2-7: Voltage. 0 1mV 10V VBUS Error vs. VBUS Input 2% 10mV 0.1V 1V Input Voltage 10V FIGURE 2-10: VBUS Error vs. VBUS Input Voltage vs. Temperature. 2% 3.3vDC 25oC 1% Error (percent) 1% Error (percent) 3.3vDC -40oC 0 -1% 0 3.3vDC -40oC 3.3vDC 0oC -1% 3.3vDC 25oC 3.3vDC 85oC -2% 10mV 100mV 1V Input Voltage 3.3vDC 125oC -2% 10mV 100mV 10V FIGURE 2-8: VBUS Error vs. VBUS Input Voltage (Zoom View). -0.05% 32V 0.1% 0 Error (%FullScale) Error (%FullScale) 0 10V FIGURE 2-11: VBUS Error vs. VBUS Input Voltage vs. Temperature (Zoom View). 3.3vDC 25oC 0.05% 1V Input Voltage -0.2% 3.3vDC -40oC -0.4% 3.3vDC 0oC 3.3vDC 25oC -0.6% 3.3vDC 85oC -0.1% 3.3vDC 125oC -0.8% 0 FIGURE 2-9: Voltage. 5 10 15 20 Input Voltage 25 30 VBUS Error vs. VBUS Input  2017-2019 Microchip Technology Inc. -0.5v 0v Input Voltage 0.5v 1v FIGURE 2-12: VBUS Error vs. VBUS Input Voltage vs. Temperature (Bipolar Voltage Mode). DS20005850E-page 9 PAC1931/2/3/4 Note: Unless otherwise indicated, maximum values are at TA = -40°C to +85°C, VDD = 2.7V to 5.5V, VBUS = 0V to 32V; typical values are at TA = +25°C, VDD = 3.3V, VBUS = 3.3V, VSENSE = (SENSE+ – SENSE-) = 0V, VDD I/O = 1.62 to 5.5V. 3.3vDC -40oC 0 3.3vDC 0oC DC Offset (LSB's 15b+sign) 0.2% Error (%FullScale) 3.3vDC 25oC 0.1% 3.3vDC 85oC 3.3vDC 125oC 0 -0.1% -0.2% 0v 5v 10v 15v 20v Input Voltage 25v -0.2 -0.4 -0.6 -0.8 -1 -40 30v FIGURE 2-13: VBUS Error vs. VBUS Input Voltage vs. Temperature. 0 25 55 Temperature (oC) 85 125 FIGURE 2-16: Input Offset for VBUS Measurements vs. Temperature. DC Offset (LSB's 15b+sign) 0 -0.2 -0.4 -0.6 -0.8 -1 -40 FIGURE 2-14: Zero Input Histogram for VBUS (LSBs, 8X Average Results, Total Population 5,000 devices). SMBUS Drive Current (IOL) mA 60 85 125 VIO=1.6v VDD=2.6v VIO=5.5v VDD=5.5v 50 40 30 20 10 0 0 DS20005850E-page 10 25 55 Temperature (oC) FIGURE 2-17: Input Offset for VSENSE Measurements vs. Temperature. 70 FIGURE 2-15: Zero Input Histogram for VSENSE (LSBs, 8X Average Results, Total Population 5,000 Devices). 0 0.1 FIGURE 2-18: vs. VOL. 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 SMBUS Output Voltage (VOL) 0.6 0.7 I2C/SMBus Drive Current  2017-2019 Microchip Technology Inc. PAC1931/2/3/4 Note: Unless otherwise indicated, maximum values are at TA = -40°C to +85°C, VDD = 2.7V to 5.5V, VBUS = 0V to 32V; typical values are at TA = +25°C, VDD = 3.3V, VBUS = 3.3V, VSENSE = (SENSE+ – SENSE-) = 0V, VDD I/O = 1.62 to 5.5V. 1kSps mode Current (uA) 640 620 600 580 2.6v 2.7v 3.3v 5.0v 5.5v 5.6v 560 540 520 -40 0 25 55 Temperature (oC) 85 125 FIGURE 2-19: IDD vs. Temperature and Supply at 1024 Samples/Second. 50 40 30 2.6v 2.7v 3.3v 5.0v 5.5v 5.6v Sleep mode Current (uA) 8Sps mode Current (uA) 60 30 20 10 -40 0 25 55 Temperature (oC) 85 0 0 25 55 Temperature (oC) 85 125 FIGURE 2-21: IDD for VDD I/O Pin vs. Temperature and VDD.  2017-2019 Microchip Technology Inc. 15 2.6v 2.7v 3.3v 5.0v 5.5v 5.6v 10 5 12 VDD 2.6v/VIO 1.7v VDD 5.6v/VIO 1.7v VDD 2.6v/VIO 5.6v VDD 5.6v/VIO 5.6v 0.05 -40 20 IDD vs.Temperature, VDD, 0 25 55 Temperature (oC) 85 125 FIGURE 2-23: IDD in SLEEP Mode vs. Temperature and VDD. PowerDown Current (uA) VIO Current (uA) 0.1 25 0 -40 125 FIGURE 2-20: IDD in SLOW Mode vs. Temperature and VDD. 0.15 FIGURE 2-22: and Sample Rate. 10 8 6 2.6v 2.7v 3.3v 5.0v 5.5v 5.6v 4 2 0 -40 0 25 55 Temperature (oC) 85 125 FIGURE 2-24: IDD in Power Down Mode vs. Temperature and VDD. DS20005850E-page 11 PAC1931/2/3/4 Note: Unless otherwise indicated, maximum values are at TA = -40°C to +85°C, VDD = 2.7V to 5.5V, VBUS = 0V to 32V; typical values are at TA = +25°C, VDD = 3.3V, VBUS = 3.3V, VSENSE = (SENSE+ – SENSE-) = 0V, VDD I/O = 1.62 to 5.5V. 1.5 1 0.03 0v CM 1v CM 5v CM 16v CM 32v CM Leakage Current (uA) Average Current 1kSps (uA) 2 0.5 0 -0.5 -40 0 25 55 Temperature (oC) 85 125 FIGURE 2-25: VSENSE Input Current – Active Mode, 1024 Samples/Second. 0.025 0.02 0v CM 1v CM 5v CM 16v CM 32v CM 0.015 0.01 0.005 0 -40 0 25 55 Temperature (oC) 85 125 FIGURE 2-28: VSENSE Input Leakage Current vs. VDD and Temperature. Leakage Current (uA) 0.1 0.09 0.08 0.07 0.06 0v 1v 5v 16v 32v 0.05 0.04 0.03 -40 0 25 55 Temperature (oC) 85 125 FIGURE 2-26: VBUS Input Leakage Current vs. VDD and Temperature. FIGURE 2-29: Clock Frequency Error -40°C to +85°C. Total Population 200 Devices. Average Current 1kSps (uA) 2.5 2 1.5 0v 1v 5v 16v 32v 1 0.5 0 -40 0 25 55 Temperature (oC) 85 125 FIGURE 2-27: VBUS Input Current – Active Mode, 1024 Samples/Second. DS20005850E-page 12 FIGURE 2-30: Clock Frequency Error at 30°C. Total Population 11,189 Devices.  2017-2019 Microchip Technology Inc. PAC1931/2/3/4 Figure 2-31 shows the equivalent circuitry for the input channels of the PAC193X devices. ESD protection diodes include two 40V breakdown diodes. Input leakage current is very low (no DC bias current). The switched capacitor sampling circuits shown as a switch with equivalent series resistance and sampling capacitor. The switches work at 1024 samples per second (SPS) maximum, independent of sampling rate (at 8 SPS, the device is sleeping in between samples). Input impedance for each input is about 32 MΩ. 6 kΩ VSENSE1 kΩ 6 kΩ 30 pF 1 1 1 kΩ 30 pF 29 kΩ VSENSE+ 1.2 pF 40V 1 1 40V VSS/GND FIGURE 2-31: Equivalent Input Circuits for PAC193X Devices.  2017-2019 Microchip Technology Inc. DS20005850E-page 13 PAC1931/2/3/4 3.0 PIN DESCRIPTIONS The descriptions of the pins are listed in Table 3-1. TABLE 3-1: PIN DESCRIPTIONS QFN WLCSP16 Symbol 1 C3 SLOW/ALERT Digital I/O pin Voltage range is set by VDD I/O pin. Default function is SLOW, may be programmed to function as ALERT pin (Open Collector when functioning as ALERT, requires pull-up resistor to VDD I/O). 2 A4 VDD Power for IC Positive power supply voltage Description 3 B4 GND Ground pin Ground for the IC 4 C4 SM_CLK SMBus clock input Clock Input pin 5 D4 SM_DATA SMBus data I/O Open drain requires pull-up resistor to VDD I/O 6 C2 ADDRSEL Analog I/O pin Address selection for the SMBus Slave address 7(1) C1(2) SENSE3- 32V analog pin 0-32V range, connect to load side of sense resistor (1) D1(2) SENSE3+ 32V analog pin 0-32V range, connect to supply side of sense resistor 9(1) D2(2) SENSE4- 32V analog pin 0-32V range, connect to load side of sense resistor D3(2) SENSE4+ 32V analog pin 0-32V range, connect to supply side of sense resistor 0-32V range, connect to supply side of sense resistor 8 10 (1) 11 A3 SENSE1+ 32V analog pin 12 A2 SENSE1- 32V analog pin 0-32V range, connect to load side of sense resistor 13 A1(2) SENSE2+ 32V analog pin 0-32V range, connect to supply side of sense resistor 14 B1(2) SENSE2- 32V analog pin 0-32V range, connect to load side of sense resistor 15 B2 VDD I/O Sets VIH reference for digital I/O Digital power reference level for digital I/O 16 B3 PWRDN Digital input pin Voltage range is set by VDD I/O pin. Active low puts the device in power-down state (all circuitry is powered down including SMBus). — EP 17 Note 1: 2: 3.1 Pin Type N/C The Exposed pad is not electrically connected For PAC1932, pins 7,8,9,10 are not connected inside and should be grounded. For PAC1933, pins 9 and 10 are not connected inside and should be grounded. For PAC1931, solder balls on A1, B1, C1, D1, D2, and D3 are present but the channels are disabled internally and should be grounded. For PAC1932, solder balls on C1, D1, D2, and D3 are present but the channels are disabled internally and should be grounded. For PAC1933, solder balls on D2 and D3 are present but the channels are disabled internally and should be grounded. SenseN+/SenseN– (N=1,2,3,4) 3.5 Positive Power Supply Voltage (VDD) These two pins form the differential input for measuring voltage across a sense resistor in the application. The positive input (SenseN+) also acts as the input pin for bus voltage. Power supply input pin for the device. 2.7-5.5V range, bypass with 100 nF ceramic capacitor to ground near the IC. 3.2 3.6 Ground (GND) System ground. 3.3 SMBus Data (SM_DATA) This is the bi-directional SMBus data pin. This pin is open drain, and requires a pull-up resistor to VDD I/O. 3.4 SMBus Clock (SM_CLK) Digital Power Reference Voltage (VDD I/O) Connect this pin to the power supply voltage for the digital controller driving the SMBus pins and digital input pins for the device, 1.62V-5.5V. Bypass with 100 nF ceramic capacitor to ground near the IC. This pin does not supply power, instead it acts as the VIH reference. This is the SMBus clock input pin. DS20005850E-page 14  2017-2019 Microchip Technology Inc. PAC1931/2/3/4 3.7 Address Selection (ADDR_SEL) Connect a resistor from this pin to ground to select SMBus address. 3.8 Enable Pin (PWRDN) Power down input pin for the device, active low. 3.9 SLOW/ALERT In default mode, if this pin is forced high, sampling rate is forced to eight samples/second. When it is forced low, the sampling rate is 1024 samples/second unless a different sample rate has been programmed.This pin may be programmed to act as the ALERT pin, in ALERT mode the pin needs a pull-up resistor to VDD I/O. 3.10 Exposed Thermal Pad Pin (EP) The Exposed pad is not electrically connected. It is recommended that you connect it to ground.  2017-2019 Microchip Technology Inc. DS20005850E-page 15 PAC1931/2/3/4 4.0 GENERAL DESCRIPTION VSENSE are converted to digital results by a 16-bit ADC, and the digital results are multiplied to give VPOWER. The VPOWER results are accumulated on-chip, which enables energy measurement over the accumulation period. The PAC1934 is a four-channel, bidirectional, high-side current-sensing device with precision voltage measurement capabilities, DSP for power calculation and a power accumulator. PAC1931, PAC1932 and PAC1933 are one, two and three-channel versions of the PAC1934. These devices measure the voltage developed across an external sense resistor (VSENSE) to represent the high-side current of a battery or voltage regulator. The PAC1931/2/3/4 also measures the SENSE+ pin voltages (VBUS). Both VBUS and The PAC1931/2/3/4 has an I2C/SMBus interface for digital control and reading results. It also has digital supply reference VDD I/O that is to be connected to the same supply as the digital master for the I2C/SMBUS, enabling digital I/O voltages as low as 1.62V. A system diagram is shown in Figure 4-1. Sense Resistors VSOURCE 0V – 32V Load VSOURCE 0V – 32V Load Load VSOURCE 0V – 32V Load 2.7V to 5.5V SENSE4- SENSE3- SENSE4+ SENSE3+ SENSE2- SENSE2+ SENSE1- SENSE1+ VSOURCE 0V – 32V 1.62V to 5.5V Digital Supply VDD I/O VDD PAC193X PAC1934 ADDRSEL SM_CLK System Master SM_DATA GND SLOW PWRDN Note: VDD and VDD I/O may be connected together. FIGURE 4-1: DS20005850E-page 16 PAC1931/2/3/4 System Diagram.  2017-2019 Microchip Technology Inc. PAC1931/2/3/4 VDD SENSE 1+ VBUS1 SENSE 1- Sen se1+ Sen se1- SENSE 2+ VBUS2 SENSE 3- 16-bit ADC Calculation and Calibra tion VDD I/O VSENS E Registe rs 2 SENSE 3+ Differen tia l VSENS E Amplifier VBUS Registe rs 16-bit ADC VPOWE R Registe rs VBUS3 Accumlato r Sen se3+ Sen se3- I C/SMBus SENSE 2- Sen se2+ Sen se2- VBUS Buffer/ Divi der GND Accumulator Registe rs SM_CLK SM_DATA SLO W/ALE RT SENSE 4+ VBUS4 SENSE 4- Sen se4+ Sen se4- ADC/MUX Clocking & Control High Voltage MUX FIGURE 4-2: PAC1931/2/3/4 Functional Block Diagram. FIGURE 4-3: Resistor. PCB Pattern for Sense Control Registe rs PWRDN Resistor Decoder ADDRS EL Figure 4-3 shows the recommended PCB pattern for sense resistor with wide metal for the high-current path. The drawing shows metal, solder paste openings and resistor outline. VSOURCE connects to the +terminal of the high-current path, and the load connects to the -terminal of the high-current path. Sense+ and Sense- have a Kelvin connection to the current sense resistor to ensure that no metal with high current is included in the VSENSE measurement path. Sense+ and Sense- are shown as a differential pair, route them as a differential pair to the Sense inputs at the chip. The input pins allow for a typical VSENSE trace resistance of 1 k, which allows the routing flexibility far away from the chip itself on the board.  2017-2019 Microchip Technology Inc. DS20005850E-page 17 PAC1931/2/3/4 4.1 Detailed Description A high-voltage multiplexer connects the input pins to the VBUS and VSENSE amplifiers. The amplifier outputs are sampled simultaneously for each channel, converted by 16 bit ADCs and processed for gain and offset error correction. After each conversion, VBUS and VSENSE are multiplied together to give VPOWER. An internal oscillator and digital control signals control the two ADCs and the mux. The mux sequentially connects each channel’s amplifiers to the ADC inputs. The PAC1931/2/3/4 measures the source-side voltage, VBUS, and the voltage VSENSE across an external current sense resistor, RSENSE. 4.1.1 INITIAL OPERATION AND ACTIVE STATE After POR and a start-up sequence, the device is in the Active state and begins sampling the inputs sequentially. Voltage and current are sampled for all active channels and power is calculated and accumulated. All active channels are sampled at 1024 samples/second by default. Sample rates of 256, 64 or eight samples/second may be programmed over I2C or SMBus. If the SLOW pin is asserted the sample rate is eight samples per second. For sampling rates lower than 1024 samples/second, the device is in Sleep mode for a portion of the conversion cycle, which results in lower power dissipation. If fewer than four channels are active, power is also reduced. To read accumulator data and reset the accumulators, the REFRESH command is used. To read the voltage, current, power and accumulator data without resetting the accumulators, the REFRESH_V command is used. Changes to the Control register (01h) are activated by sending either REFRESH or REFRESH_V. When a new value is written to the Control register (01h), the new values take effect at the end of the next round-robin sampling cycle following the next REFRESH or REFRESH_V command. 4.1.2 REFRESH COMMAND The master sends the REFRESH command after changing the Control register and/or before reading accumulator data from the device. The master controls the accumulation period in this manner. The readable registers for the VBUS, VSENSE, Power, accumulator outputs and accumulator count are updated by the REFRESH command and the values will be static until the next REFRESH command. These readable registers will be stable within 1 mS from sending the REFRESH command, and may be read by the master at any time up until the next REFRESH command is sent. The internal accumulator values and accumulator count will be reset by the REFRESH command, but the sampling of the inputs, DS20005850E-page 18 data conversion and power integration is not interrupted and will continue as determined by the settings in the Control register. Changes written to the control and configuration registers take effect 1 mS after a REFRESH command is sent. Any new commands written within this 1 mS window will be ignored and NACKed to indicate that they are ignored. The values for VBUS and VSENSE measurement results and Power calculation results respond to the REFRESH command in the same fashion as the accumulators and accumulator count. The readable registers will be stable within 1 mS from sending the REFRESH command and may be read by the master at any time. The internal values continue to be updated according to the sampling plan determined by the settings in the Control register. The results that are sent to the readable registers for VBUS, VSENSE and Power are the values from the most recent complete conversion cycle. See Register 6-1 REFRESH Command (Address 00h). 4.1.3 REFRESH_G COMMAND The REFRESH_G is identical in every respect to the REFRESH command, but it is used with the I2C General Call address (0000 000). This allows the system to issue a REFRESH command to all of the PAC1931/2/3/4 devices in the system with a single command. Then the data from this REFRESH_G command may be read device-by-device to capture a snapshot of the system power and energy for all devices. See Register 6-12 REFRESH_G Command (Address 1Eh). Note that the REFRESH_G command can also be used with a valid Slave address but in this case only the device with this Slave address will receive the command. In other words it has the same properties as the REFRESH command with the possibility of being compatible with the I2C General Call address. 4.1.4 REFRESH_V COMMAND If the user wants to read VSENSE and VBUS results, the most recent Power calculation, and/or the accumulator values and count without resetting the accumulators, the REFRESH_V command may be sent. Sending the REFRESH_V command and waiting 1 mS ensures that the VSENSE, VBUS, Power, accumulator and accumulator count values will be stable when read by the master. The sampling of the inputs, data conversion and power integration are not interrupted and will continue as determined by the settings in the Control register. The data in these readable registers will remain stable until the next REFRESH or REFRESH_V command. The internal accumulator values and accumulator count are unaffected by the REFRESH_V command.  2017-2019 Microchip Technology Inc. PAC1931/2/3/4 Note that the REFRESH_V command may also be used to activate changes to the Control register, just like the REFRESH command, except with the REFRESH_V command changes to the Control register will be enacted without resetting the accumulators or accumulator count. See Register 6-13 REFRESH_V Command (Address 1Fh). new sample rate to take effect and for all the sample rate related registers (like CTRL_ACT) to show their updated values. 4.1.5 If the SLOW pin is pulled high, the device will sample at eight samples/second. No matter what the programmed sample rate, this new SLOW sample rate will take effect on the next conversion cycle (if a round-robin conversion cycle is in process when the SLOW pin goes high, that conversion cycle will complete before the SLOW sample rate takes effect.) SLEEP STATE The SLEEP state is a lower power state than the Active state. While in this state, the device will draw a supply current of ISLEEP from the VDD pin. The device automatically goes to this state between conversion cycles when sampling rates lower than 1,024 samples/second are selected, or if fewer than four channels are active. All digital states and data are retained in the SLEEP state. The device can also be put in the Sleep state by setting the SLEEP bit followed by a REFRESH or REFRESH_V command, and sampling will resume when the SLEEP bit is cleared followed by a REFRESH of REFRESH_V command. The device does not go into SLEEP state based on any other condition such as static conditions on the SMBus pins. If SMBus Timeout is enabled, it is supported in SLEEP mode or ACTIVE mode. 4.1.6 POWER-DOWN STATE The Power-Down state is entered by pulling the PWRDN pin low. In this state, all circuits on the chip including the SMBus pins are inactive, and the device is in a state of minimum power dissipation. In the Power-Down state, no data is retained in the chip (neither register configuration nor measurement data). When the PWRDN pin is pulled high, integration, measurement and accumulation will begin using the default register settings, as described in Section 4.1.1 “Initial Operation and Active State”. The first measurement data may be requested by a REFRESH or REFRESH_V command 20 ms after the PWRDN pin is pulled high. 4.1.7 PROGRAMMING THE SAMPLE RATE AND THE SLOW PIN The default sampling rate after power-up is 1024 samples/second. Sampling rates of 256, 64 or 8 samples/second may be programmed in the Register 6-2 CTRL Register (Address 01h). Any time a new sample rate is programmed, it does not take effect until a REFRESH, REFRESH_G, or REFRESH_V command is received. When any of these REFRESH commands are received, any round-robin sampling cycle in progress will complete before the new sampling rate takes effect. For example, if the user is sampling at 8 SPS and program a new sample rate, it may take up to 125 mS for the  2017-2019 Microchip Technology Inc. If one of these lower sample rates is used, power dissipation is reduced. The round-robin sampling and conversion cycle is exactly the same, but the device goes into the sleep state between conversion cycles. See Section 2.0 “Typical Operating Curves”. If the device is programmed for Single Shot mode, and the SLOW pin is asserted, the first sampling will begin within 125 ms after the SLOW pin is asserted. If the device is in the Sleep state, asserting the SLOW pin will not cause sampling to start. Whenever the SLOW pin changes state, a limited REFRESH or REFRESH_V command may be executed by the chip hardware (default is REFRESH). Like any other REFRESH command, this resets the accumulators and accumulator count for a REFRESH command, and updates the readable registers for either REFRESH or REFRESH_V. These are limited REFRESH commands because no programmed changes to the Control or Status registers take effect (Control and Status registers means registers 01h, 1Ch, 1Dh, and 20h-26h). The readable registers are stable with the new values within 1 ms of the SLOW pin transition. The Slow register enables selection of REFRESH or REFRESH_V on the SLOW pin transitions, which allows this function to be disabled for either edge, and also tracks both the state of the SLOW pin and transitions on the SLOW pin. See Register 6-14, SLOW (Address 20h). This is the default functionality of the SLOW pin, but it may be reconfigured to function as an ALERT pin (see paragraph Section 4.4 “Alert Functionality”). If the SLOW pin is configured to serve as an ALERT pin, the slower sampling rate of eight samples/second is only available by programming the Control register 01h. DS20005850E-page 19 PAC1931/2/3/4 4.2 Conversion Cycles A conversion cycle for the device consists of analog-to-digital conversion being complete for all channels (including the real-time calibration that is part of each conversion cycle). Immediately following the data conversion, the power results are calculated for that channel and the power value is added to the accumulator. Averaged values for VSENSE and VBUS are also updated internally as part of each conversion cycle. Data conversion and processing is performed for each active channel in sequential fashion until all active channels have been converted, completing the conversion cycle for the device. The sequential sampling of each channel, along with the calculation time and any sleep time needed to set the overall sampling rate, is referred to as a round-robin sampling period. 4.3 4.3.1 Conversion Cycle Controls REDUCING THE NUMBER OF CHANNELS TO BE SAMPLED Program Register 6-10 CHANNEL_DIS and SMBus (Address 1Ch) to reduce the number of channels that are active. The sample rate is unaffected, but power dissipation is reduced very slightly if some channels are disabled. Any or all channels may be disabled; if all channels are disabled, the device goes into Sleep mode. When a channel is disabled due to register programming in the PAC1934, or due to factory programming on the PAC1931, PAC1932 and PAC1933, the auto-incrementing pointer will skip these channels by default (see Section 5.5 “Auto-Incrementing Pointer”). 4.3.2 SINGLE SHOT MODE The Control register also allows the device to operate in Single Shot mode. In Single Shot mode, all active channels will sample and convert once, followed by results being calculated. The accumulator and accumulator count operate the same as for continuous conversion mode, accumulating each single shot power calculation and incrementing the accumulator count. The conversion cycle will start when the REFRESH command (or REFRESH_V or REFRESH_G) is sent. 4.4 Alert Functionality The Alert functionality can serve two purposes: to notify the system that a conversion cycle for all active channels is complete, or to notify the system that the accumulator or accumulator count has overflowed. 4.4.1 USING THE ALERT FUNCTION To use the ALERT function, configure the SLOW pin to function as ALERT using Register 6-2 CTRL Register (Address 01h). For this configuration, the ALERT pin must have a pull-up to VDD I/O (it will function as an open drain output). If a pull-up resistor is attached to the pin for Alert functionality, the device will power up in Slow mode. Any of the four sample rates can be programmed using Register 6-2 CTRL Register (Address 01h). The Alert function for Accumulator Overflow can also be used without reconfiguring the SLOW pin, by monitoring the OVF bit in Register 6-2 CTRL Register (Address 01h). 4.4.2 ALERT AFTER COMPLETE CONVERSION Register 6-2 has an ALERT_CC bit that can be used to enable the ALERT_CC function. If this bit is set, the ALERT pin will go low for 5 μS after each complete conversion cycle is complete. 4.4.3 ALERT ON ACCUMULATOR OVERFLOW If the ALERT function is enabled, and any of the accumulators or the accumulator count overflow, the ALERT pin may be used to notify the system. To enable this trigger for the ALERT pin, bit 1 in the Register 6-2 CTRL Register (Address 01h) must be set. Note that the OVF bit in the Register 6-2 CTRL Register (Address 01h) will be set when these overflows occur. 4.4.4 CLEARING ALERT AND OVF When the Alert function has been tripped by accumulator or accumulator count overflow, it will remain asserted until a REFRESH command is received. REFRESH_G will also clear the OVF bit and the Alert function, but REFRESH_V will not. After the single shot measurements and calculations are complete, the device will go into Sleep mode. A REFRESH, REFRESH_G or REFRESH_V command may be sent to read the data. The user needs to wait 3 ms after the REFRESH command before commanding another Single Shot conversion by means of sending one of the REFRESH commands. This is because a 1 ms delay is required between REFRESH commands, and coming out of Sleep requires 2 ms. DS20005850E-page 20  2017-2019 Microchip Technology Inc. PAC1931/2/3/4 4.5 Voltage Measurement The VBUS voltage for each channel is measured by the SENSE+ pin for each channel. A high-voltage multiplexer is connected to each SENSE+ pin, and the multiplexer sequentially connects each SENSE+ input to an ADC for conversion. The result is stored in a 16-bit VBUS results register and the 14 MSBs are multiplied by the VSENSE number for the VPOWER results value. The VPOWER results are accumulated in the accumulator. Full-Scale Voltage (FSV) is 32V by default. The device may be programmed for bipolar VBUS measurements. in this bipolar mode, the mathematical range for negative VBUS numbers is -32V, the actual range is limited to about -200mV due to physical factors. This bipolar capability for VBUS enables accurate offset measurement and correction. For bipolar operation, the 16-bit VBUS result is a two’s complement (signed) number. 4.7 Selecting RSENSE Values RSENSE can easily be calculated if you know the maximum current you want to sense, as shown in Equation 4-2. Consider that you may need to select a value for IMax that includes current peaks well beyond your nominal current. EQUATION 4-2: CALCULATING RSENSE FSR Rsense = ------------IMax Where: FSR = Full Scale VSENSE voltage input RSENSE = External RSENSE resistor value IMax = Maximum current to measure The measured voltage at SENSE+ can be calculated using Equation 4-1. Full-Scale Current (FSC) can be calculated from Equation 4-3. EQUATION 4-1: EQUATION 4-3: V Source BUS VOLTAGE V BUS = 32V  ----------------------------------Denominator FULL-SCALE CURRENT 100 mV FSC = ---------------------R SENSE Where: Where: VSOURCE = The measured voltage on the SENSE+ pin VBUS = The value read from the VBUS results registers Denominator = 216 for unipolar measurements = 215 for bipolar measurements 4.6 FSC = Full-scale current RSENSE = External sense resistor value The actual current through RSENSE can then be calculated using Equation 4-4. EQUATION 4-4: V SENSE I SENSE = FSC  ----------------------------------Denominator Current Measurement The PAC1931/2/3/4 device family includes high-side current sensing circuits. These circuits measure the voltage (VSENSE) induced across a fixed external current sense resistor (RSENSE) and store the voltage as a 16-bit number in the VSENSE Results registers. The PAC1931/2/3/4 current sensing operates with a Full-Scale Range (FSR) of 100 mV in unidirectional mode (default). When sensing unidirectional currents (the default mode), the ADC results are presented in straight binary format. For bidirectional current sensing, the ADC results are in two’s complement (signed) format. For bipolar current measurements, the range is ±100 mV, but use FSR = 100 mV in the equations that follow. For best accuracy on current values near zero, it is recommended to use the bidirectional current mode and 8x average current results.  2017-2019 Microchip Technology Inc. SENSE CURRENT Where: ISENSE = Actual bus current FSC = Full-scale current value (from Equation 4-3) VSENSE = The value read from the VSENSE results registers Denominator = 216 for unipolar measurements = 215 for bipolar measurements DS20005850E-page 21 PAC1931/2/3/4 4.8 ADC Measurements, Offset, and 8x Averaging The PAC1931/2/3/4 is primarily desired for energy measurements where many power readings are accumulated. This is inherently an averaging process. Individual voltage and current measurements can also benefit from averaging to reduce noise and offset. Averaged values are internally calculated for VBUS and VSENSE, with a rolling average of the most recent eight values present in the VBUSn_AVG (Register 6-7) and VSENSEn_AVG (Register 6-6) registers. The average is updated internally after every conversion cycle. The readable registers are updated with REFRESH, REFRESH_V, or REFRESH_G commands like all the other readable results registers. These averaged results may be used for the most accurate, lowest noise and lowest offset measurements. The ADC channels use a special offset canceling technique. If the user observes the unaveraged results for near-zero values of VBUS and VSENSE, they may observe a cyclical pattern of offset variation. The user may think this is noise, but in fact it is due to internal circuitry switching through different permutations of offset cancellation circuitry. This small variation in unaveraged offset is canceled in the 8x averaged result. It is also canceled in the Power Accumulator results. The overall effect is offset that is consistently very close to zero LSB over supply and temperature variations. The offset canceling technique is illustrated in Figure 4-4. It is very difficult to accurately observe, as it is a challenge to read the data from every conversion cycle. The effect of capturing data points at a rate that does not correspond exactly to the internal sampling rate of the PAC1931/2/3/4 can make these permutations appear less periodic and deterministic than they are inside the chip. The data conversion uses one of the permute positions 1-4 for each input on each conversion, cycling through all four permutations in four conversions. When averaged the Permute Enabled result shown below is realized, evenly distributed around zero. DS20005850E-page 22 FIGURE 4-4: Illustration of the Four Permute Combinations that the ADC Cycles through and the Resulting Low Average Offset. Each Bin Represents One Code. Results from both the VBUS and VSENSE ADCs are 17b two's complement (signed) internally. There is an additional bit of resolution that is not accessible from the results register. The NEG_PWR (Address 1Dh) register determines whether the conversion results are reported in the readable registers as unipolar or bipolar numbers. Using bipolar numbers can give more accurate results for very small numbers that may actually be negative for some readings, in addition to measuring bidirectional currents (charging/discharging) and voltages that can dip below ground. Averaged values are also calculated for VBUS and VSENSE. A rolling average of the most recent eight values is present in the VBUSn_AVG (Register 6-7) and VSENSEn_AVG (Register 6-6) registers. These registers require eight conversion cycles after POR before they represent an accurate value, they are updated after every conversion cycle. The readable registers are updated with REFRESH, REFRESH_V or REFRESH_G commands like all the other readable results registers.  2017-2019 Microchip Technology Inc. PAC1931/2/3/4 4.9 Power and Energy The Full-Scale Range for Power depends on the external sense resistor used, as shown in Equation 4-5. EQUATION 4-5: POWER FSR CALCULATION PowerFSR =  100 mV  R SENSE    32V accumulation period, T. In this equation, T must be known from a system clock time stamp or other accurate indicator of the total accumulation period. EQUATION 4-8: V  accum  T Energy = -----------------------------------   PwrFSR   -------------------------Denominator AccCount Where: 2 = 3.2V  R SENSE  Denominator Where: RSENSE = External RSENSE resistor value 100 mV = Full-Scale VSENSE voltage input 32V = Full-Scale VBUS voltage input The device implements Power measurements by multiplying VBUS and the VSENSE to give a result VPOWER. VPOWER values are used to calculate Proportional Power as shown in Equation 4-6. The Proportional Power is the fractional portion of Power FSR measured in one sample. Bipolar mode is where VBUS is bipolar mode, VBUS is bidirectional mode, or both VBUS and VSENSE are bipolar/bidirectional. EQUATION 4-6: ENERGY CALCULATION = 228 (unipolar mode) = 227 (bipolar mode) EQUATION 4-9: ENERGY CALCULATION V  accum   PwrFSR  Energy = -----------------------------------  -------------------------Denominator fs Where: Denominator = 228 (unipolar mode) = 227 (bipolar mode) Equation 4-9 shows how to calculate energy using the accumulated power and the sampling rate, fs. PROPORTIONAL POWER CALCULATION Vpower P PROP = ----------------------------------Denominator Where: Denominator = = 228 (unipolar mode) 227 (bipolar mode) To calculate the actual power from the Proportional Power, multiply by the Power FSR as shown in Equation 4-7. This Actual Power number is the power measured in one sample. EQUATION 4-7: POWER CALCULATION P actual = PowerFSR  P PROP These VPOWER results are digitally accumulated on chip, and stored in the VACCUM registers. The energy calculation Equations 4-8 and 4-9 use a different denominator term depending on unipolar or bipolar mode. Bipolar mode for energy applies when bipolar/bidirectional mode is used for VBUS and/or VSENSE. Equation 4-8 shows how to realize this using the Accumulator results, Accumulator count and the  2017-2019 Microchip Technology Inc. DS20005850E-page 23 PAC1931/2/3/4 4.9.1 ADDITIONAL ACCUMULATOR INFORMATION The math for the Power calculation and accumulation inside the chip is always done in two's complement math, no matter what the user sets the output registers to show. VBUS and VSENSE are 17-bit two's complement (signed) numbers internally. VPOWER is the product of VSENSE multiplied by the 14 MSBs of VBUS, and this is a 31 bit two's complement result (signed) internally. In some cases this results in a Power result that is not identical to the product of the VBUS results register multiplied by the VSENSE register. However, the Power result from the Power results register is more accurate than the product of the VBUS register multiplied by the VSENSE register in these cases, as explained below. not all be full-scale numbers; this is especially true if VBUS is not 32V. If VBUS is a lower number, the maximum number of full-scale samples that can be accumulated is scaled by 32V/VBUS. This limitation can limit the accumulation period before overflow to 17 minutes at 1024 samples/second, or 36 hours at eight samples/second, if most values are near full-scale. The Accumulator Count limit described above will still limit the total number of samples to 224. If VSENSE and VBUS are both programmed to be unsigned (unipolar) in register NEG_PWR (Address 1Dh), 16b without sign are exported to VBUS and VSENSE results registers. If VBUS is programmed to be signed (bipolar) in Register 6-11 NEG_PWR (Address 1Dh), the corresponding data is truncated to 16-bit two's complement (signed) for the readable results register. If VSENSE is programmed to be signed (bipolar) in register NEG_PWR (Address 1Dh), the corresponding results register value is truncated to 16-bit two's complement (signed), but the power calculation uses 17-bit two's complement (signed). Therefore, a mismatch is possible between an externally calculated power value (VBUS times VSENSE) and the actual power value calculated internally to the chip. The internally calculated (and accumulated) value is more accurate than the externally calculated value in every case. The continuous power integration periods (also called the energy accumulation period) can range from ~1ms to many hours, depending on the number of samples per second selected via SMBus. The number of samples is limited by the size of the Accumulator Count register to 16,777,216 (224). This count corresponds to about 273 minutes at 1024 samples/second, or 582 hours at eight samples/second. This Accumulator Count can overflow, and it will not reset when it overflows. When the accumulation registers reach their maximum value, this is called accumulator overflow. The accumulator outputs remain at their maximum value; they do not roll over. The user can calculate the worst-case time to roll over and read them at or before that time or use the built in Alert functions to detect rollover and read them at that time. Worst-case accumulator overflow time can be calculated assuming that every measurement that is accumulated is a full-scale number. Since the power numbers are 28 bits, and the accumulator is 48 bits, 220 samples can be accumulated before overflow if they are all full-scale values. For most applications, they will DS20005850E-page 24  2017-2019 Microchip Technology Inc. PAC1931/2/3/4 NOTES:  2017-2019 Microchip Technology Inc. DS20005850E-page 25 PAC1931/2/3/4 5.0 SMBUS AND I2C COMMUNICATIONS PROTOCOL The PAC1931/2/3/4 communicates over a two-wire bus with a controller using SMBus or I2C serial communication protocol. A detailed timing diagram is shown in Figure 1-1. Stretching of the SMCLK signal is supported; however, the PAC1931/2/3/4 will not stretch the clock signal. 5.1 5.1.1 I2C/SMBus Addressing and Control Bits SMBUS ADDRESS AND RD/WR BIT The SMBus Address Byte consists of the 7-bit slave address followed by a 1-bit RD / WR indicator. If this RD / WR bit is a logic ‘0’, the SMBus master is writing data to the slave device. If this RD / WR bit is a logic ‘1’, the SMBus master is reading data from the slave device. The PAC1931/2/3/4 I2C/SMBus address is determined by a single pull-down resistor connected between ground and the ADDRSEL pin as shown in Table 5-1. The chip translates the resistor value into an address on power-up, and the value is latched until another power-up event takes place. The address cannot be changed on the fly. 5.1.2 5.1.5 SMBUS DATA BYTES All SMBus data bytes are sent most significant bit first and composed of eight bits of information. TABLE 5-1: ADDRESS SELECT RESISTOR Resistor (1%) SMBus Address 0 (Tie to GND) 499 806 1,270 2,050 3,240 5,230 8,450 13,300 21,500 34,000 54,900 88,700 140,000 226,000 Tie to VDD 0010_000(r/w) 0010_001(r/w) 0010_010(r/w) 0010_011(r/w) 0010_100(r/w) 0010_101(r/w) 0010_110(r/w) 0010_111(r/w) 0011_000(r/w) 0011_001(r/w) 0011_010(r/w) 0011_011(r/w) 0011_100(r/w) 0011_101(r/w) 0011_110(r/w) 0011_111(r/w) SMBUS START BIT The SMBus Start bit is defined as a transition of the SMBus data line from a logic ‘1’ state to a logic ‘0’ state while the SMBus Clock line is in a logic ‘1’ state. 5.1.3 SMBUS ACK AND NACK BITS The SMBus slave will ACK (acknowledge) all data bytes that it receives. This is done by the slave device pulling the SMBus data line low after the eighth bit of each byte that is transmitted. 5.1.4 SMBUS STOP BIT The SMBus Stop bit is defined as a transition of the SMBus data line from a logic ‘0’ state to a logic ‘1’ state while the SMBus clock line is in a logic ‘1’ state. When the PAC1931/2/3/4 detects an SMBus Stop bit, and it has been communicating with the SMBus protocol, it will reset its slave interface and prepare to receive further communications. DS20005850E-page 26  2017-2019 Microchip Technology Inc. PAC1931/2/3/4 5.2 SMBus Time-Out The PAC1931/2/3/4 can support the SMBus Time-Out functionality. This functionality is disabled by default, and can be enabled by writing to the Timeout bit (see Register 6-10 CHANNEL_DIS and SMBus (Address 1Ch). If Time-Out is enabled and the clock is held at logic ‘0’ for tTIMEOUT = 25-43 ms, the device will time-out and reset the SMBus interface. Communication is restored with a start condition. 5.3 SMBus and I2C Compatibility The PAC1931/2/3/4 is compatible with SMBus 3.0 1 MHz class and I2C Fast-mode Plus. The major differences between SMBus and I2C devices are highlighted here. For more information, refer to the SMBus 3.0 and I2C specifications. 1. 2. 3. 4. If Time-Out function is enabled, the minimum frequency for SMBus communications is 10 kHz. If Time-Out function is disabled (default condition), then there is no minimum frequency for SMBus communications. If SMBus Time-Out is enabled in Register 6-10: CHANNEL_DIS and SMBus (Address 1Ch),the SMBus slave protocol will reset if the clock is held at a logic ‘0’ for tTIMEOUT. I2C does not have a time-out, this is the default condition. I2C devices do not support the Alert Response Address functionality (which is optional for SMBus).The PAC1931/2/3/4 does not support the Alert Response Address functionality; instead, the ALERT is a GPIO pin that may be monitored by the master or Embedded Controller. I2C devices support Block Read and Block Write differently. I2C protocol allows for unlimited number of bytes to be sent in either direction. The SMBus protocol for Block Read and Block Write requires that an additional data byte indicating number of bytes to read/write is transmitted. PAC1931/2/3/4 devices support the I2C protocol for Block Read by default (no byte count information is sent). If the Byte Count bit is set (see Register 6-10: CHANNEL_DIS and SMBus (Address 1Ch), it will be sent as the first data byte in response to the Block Read command, per SMBus protocol.  2017-2019 Microchip Technology Inc. 5.4 I2C/SMBus Protocols The PAC1931/2/3/4 supports Write Byte, Read Byte, Block Read, Send Byte and Receive Byte as valid protocols. It will not respond to the Alert Response Address protocol. It will respond to the I2C General Call Address. All of the protocol charts listed below use the convention in Table 5-2. TABLE 5-2: PROTOCOL FORMAT Data Sent to Device # of bits sent 5.5 Data Sent to the Master # of bits sent Auto-Incrementing Pointer The PAC1931/2/3/4 has an auto-incrementing address pointer. The pointer has two loops for auto-incrementing, a read loop and a write loop. The read loop includes all of the readable registers, including all of the configuration and Control registers, the results registers, and the Product ID, Manufacturer ID and Revision ID registers. The write loop includes only the writable control and configuration registers. Neither loop includes the REFRESH commands. The read loop will skip inactive channels, if some channels have been disabled. This automatic channel skipping feature can be disabled by setting the No Skip bit in Register 6-10: CHANNEL_DIS and SMBus (Address 1Ch). If the user elects to read disabled channels, they will return FFh and the register address will by NACKed. See Figure 5-1 for a graphic representation. DS20005850E-page 27 PAC1931/2/3/4 App Read Loop 0x00 W App Write Loop Channels ON or (Channels OFF and Skip OFF) Channels 1 & 4 OFF and Skip ON Channels OFF and Skip ON Don’t care if Channels ON or OFF REFRESH REFRESH REFRESH REFRESH CTRL CTRL CTRL CTRL 1 byte 0x01 R/W 1 byte 0x02 R 3 bytes ACC_COUNT ACC_COUNT ACC_COUNT ACC_COUNT 0x03 R 6 bytes VPOWER1_ACC VPOWER1_ACC VPOWER1_ACC VPOWER1_ACC 0x04 R 6 bytes VPOWER2_ACC VPOWER2_ACC VPOWER2_ACC VPOWER2_ACC 0x05 R 6 bytes VPOWER3_ACC VPOWER3_ACC VPOWER3_ACC VPOWER3_ACC 0x06 R 6 bytes VPOWER4_ACC VPOWER4_ACC VPOWER4_ACC VPOWER4_ACC 0x07 R 2 bytes VBUS1 VBUS1 VBUS1 VBUS1 0x08 R 2 bytes VBUS2 VBUS2 VBUS2 VBUS2 0x09 R 2 bytes VBUS3 VBUS3 VBUS3 VBUS3 0x0A R 2 bytes VBUS4 VBUS4 VBUS4 VBUS4 0x0B R 2 bytes VSENSE1 VSENSE1 VSENSE1 VSENSE1 0x0C R 2 bytes VSENSE2 VSENSE2 VSENSE2 VSENSE2 0x0D R 2 bytes VSENSE3 VSENSE3 VSENSE3 VSENSE3 0x0E R 2 bytes VSENSE4 VSENSE4 VSENSE4 VSENSE4 0x0F R 2 bytes VBUS1_AVG VBUS1_AVG VBUS1_AVG VBUS1_AVG 0x10 R 2 bytes VBUS2_AVG VBUS2_AVG VBUS2_AVG VBUS2_AVG 0x11 R 2 bytes VBUS3_AVG VBUS3_AVG VBUS3_AVG VBUS3_AVG 0x12 R 2 bytes VBUS4_AVG VBUS4_AVG VBUS4_AVG VBUS4_AVG 0x13 R 2 bytes VSENSE1_AVG VSENSE1_AVG VSENSE1_AVG VSENSE1_AVG 0x14 R 2 bytes VSENSE2_AVG VSENSE2_AVG VSENSE2_AVG VSENSE2_AVG 0x15 R 2 bytes VSENSE3_AVG VSENSE3_AVG VSENSE3_AVG VSENSE3_AVG 0x16 R 2 bytes VSENSE4_AVG VSENSE4_AVG VSENSE4_AVG VSENSE4_AVG 0x17 R 4 bytes VPOWER1 VPOWER1 VPOWER1 VPOWER1 0x18 R 4 bytes VPOWER2 VPOWER2 VPOWER2 VPOWER2 0x19 R 4 bytes VPOWER3 VPOWER3 VPOWER3 VPOWER3 0x1A R 4 bytes VPOWER4 VPOWER4 VPOWER4 VPOWER4 CHANNEL_DIS CHANNEL_DIS CHANNEL_DIS CHANNEL_DIS 0x1C R/W 1 byte NEG_PWR NEG_PWR NEG_PWR NEG_PWR 0x1E W 1 byte REFRESH_G REFRESH_G REFRESH_G REFRESH_G 0x1F W 1 byte REFRESH_V REFRESH_V REFRESH_V REFRESH_V SLOW SLOW SLOW SLOW 0x1D R/W 1 byte 0x20 R/W 1 byte 0x21 R 1 byte CTRL_ACT CTRL_ACT CTRL_ACT CTRL_ACT 0x22 R 1 byte CHANNEL_DIS_ACT CHANNEL_DIS_ACT CHANNEL_DIS_ACT CHANNEL_DIS_ACT 0x23 R 1 byte NEG_PWR_ACT NEG_PWR_ACT NEG_PWR_ACT NEG_PWR_ACT 0x24 R 1 byte CTRL_LAT CTRL_LAT CTRL_LAT CTRL_LAT 0x25 R 1 byte CHANNEL_DIS_LAT CHANNEL_DIS_LAT CHANNEL_DIS_LAT CHANNEL_DIS_LAT 0x26 R 1 byte NEG_PWR_LAT NEG_PWR_LAT NEG_PWR_LAT NEG_PWR_LAT 0xF D R 1 byte PID PID PID PID 0xF E R 1 byte MID MID MID MID 0xF F R 1 byte REV REV REV REV FIGURE 5-1: READ and WRITE Auto Incrementing Loops. Figure 5-1 shows how the auto-incrementing READ loop works with SKIP option on and off, for reading. It also shows how the WRITE loop works with the REFRESH, REFRESH_V, and REFRESH_G commands. DS20005850E-page 28  2017-2019 Microchip Technology Inc. PAC1931/2/3/4 I2C/SMBus Commands 5.6 5.6.1 REFRESH AND REFRESH_V REFRESH and REFRESH_V commands are sent using the Send byte command, the Slave Address and the desired command (00h for REFRESH or 1Fh for REFRESH_V. See Table 5-3. TABLE 5-3: REFRESH AND REFRESH_V COMMANDS START Slave Address WR ACK REFRESH or REFRESH_V Command ACK STOP 10 YYYY_YYY 0 0 00h or 1Fh 0 01 5.6.2 GENERAL CALL ADDRESS RESPONSE Just as the REFRESH command is sent using a Send Byte command with the slave address, and the REFRESH command (00h), the REFRESH_G command is sent using Send Byte with the General Call address (0000 000) and the REFRESH_G command (1Eh). When the master sends the General Call address, the PAC1931/2/3/4 will be able to execute the REFRESH command by means of a second version of the REFRESH command called REFRESH_G (see Register 6-12 REFRESH_G Command (Address 1Eh)). TABLE 5-4: Table 5-4 shows the response to the General Call command for REFRESH_G. GENERAL CALL RESPONSE START General Call Address WR ACK REFRESH_G Command ACK STOP 10 0000_000 0 0 1Eh 0 01 5.6.3 WRITE BYTE The Write Byte is used to write one byte of data to the registers, as shown in Table 5-5. TABLE 5-5: WRITE BYTE PROTOCOL START Slave Address WR ACK Register Address ACK Register Data ACK STOP 10 YYYY_YYY 0 0 XXh 0 XXh 0 01  2017-2019 Microchip Technology Inc. DS20005850E-page 29 PAC1931/2/3/4 5.6.4 READ BYTE The Read Byte protocol is used to read one byte of data from the registers, as shown in Table 5-6. If an invalid register address is specified, the slave will ACK its address but NACK (not acknowledge) the register address. The master will NACK the data received from the slave by holding the SMBus data line high after the eighth data bit has been sent. TABLE 5-6: READ BYTE PROTOCOL START Slave Address WR ACK Register Address ACK START Slave Address RD ACK Register Data NACK STOP 10 YYYY_YYY 0 0 XXh 0 10 YYYY_YYY 1 0 XXh 1 01 5.6.5 SEND BYTE The Send Byte protocol is used to set the internal address register pointer to the correct address location. No data is transferred during the Send Byte protocol, as shown in Table 5-7. TABLE 5-7: SEND BYTE PROTOCOL START Slave Address WR ACK Register Address ACK STOP 10 YYYY_YYY 0 0 XXh 0 01 5.6.6 RECEIVE BYTE If the master wishes to continue clocking and read the next register, the master will ACK after the register data, instead of sending NACK followed by STOP. The Receive Byte protocol is used to read data from a register when the internal register address pointer is known to be at the right location (e.g., set via Send Byte). This is shown in Table 5-8. If some channels are deactivated, their data registers will be skipped by the auto-incrementing pointer. Alternatively, you may set bit 0 in Register 6-10 CHANNEL_DIS and SMBus (Address 1Ch) and the pointer will not skip the addresses associated with the inactive channels. The measurement data for these inactive channels will read FFh. When an ACK is received after the REGISTER DATA, then the address pointer automatically increments. When a NACK is received after the REGISTER DATA, then the address pointer stays at the same position. TABLE 5-8: RECEIVE BYTE PROTOCOL START Slave Address RD ACK Register Data NACK STOP 10 YYYY_YYY 1 0 XXh 1 01 DS20005850E-page 30  2017-2019 Microchip Technology Inc. PAC1931/2/3/4 5.6.7 BLOCK READ – I2C VERSION Block Read is used to read multiple data bytes from a register that contains more than one byte of data, or from a group of contiguous registers, as shown in Table 5-9. The PAC1931/2/3/4 supports I2C Block Read by default, but the SMBus format can also be supported (see Table 5-10). If an invalid register address is specified, the slave will ACK its address but NACK the register address. The master will NACK the data received from the slave by holding the SMBus data line high after the 8th data bit has been sent. BLOCK READ PROTOCOL I2C VERSION (DEFAULT) TABLE 5-9: START Slave Address WR ACK Register Address ACK START Slave Address RD ACK Register Data 1 0 YYYY_YYY 0 0 XXh 0 1 0 YYYY_YYY 1 0 XXh ACK Register Data ACK Register Data ACK Register Data ACK Register Data NACK STOP 0 XXh 0 XXh 0 XXh 0 XXh 1 01 5.6.8 BLOCK READ – SMBUS VERSION PAC1931/2/3/4 can also support the SMBus version of Block Read. If the Byte Count bit is set, Block Read will result in the device sending the Byte Count data before the first data byte. This protocol is shown in Table 5-10. Also see Section 4.3 “Conversion Cycle Controls” above and Register 6-10 CHANNEL_DIS and SMBus (Address 1Ch). TABLE 5-10: BLOCK READ PROTOCOL SMBUS VERSION (MUST SET BYTE COUNT BIT) START Slave Address WR ACK Register Address ACK START Slave Address RD ACK Byte Count 1 0 YYYY_YYY 0 0 XXh 0 1 0 YYYY_YYY 1 0 XXh = N ACK Register Data ACK Register Data ACK Register Data ACK Register Data NACK STOP 0 XXh 0 XXh 0 XXh 0 XXh 1 01  2017-2019 Microchip Technology Inc. DS20005850E-page 31 PAC1931/2/3/4 6.0 REGISTERS IN HEXADECIMAL ORDER The registers shown in Table 6-1 are accessible through the SMBus. In the individual register tables that follow, an entry of ‘—’ indicates that the bit is not used and will always read ‘0’. Data represented by the data registers are ensured to be synchronized and stable 1 ms after any of the REFRESH commands are sent. Immediately after the REFRESH commands are sent, the data bytes will be changing dynamically until 1 ms has elapsed. When new data is written to a Control register, and the master reads it back, this new data will be read back even if no REFRESH command has been sent to cause the new data to take effect. Note: The letter N or n is used to represent 1,2,3,4 in the register and bit names below, in sections that describe registers that are grouped for all four channels. Note: For PAC1931, channels 2, 3 and 4 do not contain valid data and will read FF. Also, for PAC1932, channels 3 and 4 do not contain valid data and will read FF. The auto-incrementing pointer will skip these channels by default (see Section 5.5 “Auto-Incrementing Pointer”). The same applies to channel 4 for the PAC1933. TABLE 6-1: REGISTER SET IN HEXADECIMAL ORDER Register Number Description Type Bytes POR Value Register 6-1 REFRESH Command (Address 00h) Send Byte for REFRESH command SEND 0 00h Register 6-2 CTRL Register (Address 01h) Configuration controls and status R/W 1 00h Register 6-3 ACC_COUNT Register (Address 02h) Accumulator count for all channels Block Read 3 000000h Register 6-4 VPOWERN Accumulator Registers: VPOWER1_ACC(03h), VPOWER2_ACC (04h), VPOWER3_ACC (05h), VPOWER4_ACC (06h) Accumulator output for channel 1 Block Read 6 Note 1 Accumulator output for channel 2 Block Read 6 Note 1 Accumulator output for channel 3 Block Read 6 Note 1 Accumulator output for channel 4 Block Read 6 Note 1 Note 1: The VPOWERN Accumulator Registers, 03h-06h, have a POR value that is all zeros: 6 bytes  000000000000h. DS20005850E-page 32  2017-2019 Microchip Technology Inc. PAC1931/2/3/4 TABLE 6-1: REGISTER SET IN HEXADECIMAL ORDER (CONTINUED) Register Number Description Type Bytes POR Value VBUS measurement for channel 1 Block Read 2 0000h VBUS measurement for channel 2 Block Read 2 0000h VBUS measurement for channel 3 Block Read 2 0000h VBUS measurement for channel 4 Block Read 2 0000h VSENSE measurement for channel 1 Block Read 2 0000h VSENSE measurement for channel 2 Block Read 2 0000h VSENSE measurement for channel 3 Block Read 2 0000h VSENSE measurement for channel 4 Block Read 2 0000h Rolling average of eight most recent VBUS1 measurements Block Read 2 0000h Rolling average of eight most recent VBUS2 measurements Block Read 2 0000h Rolling average of eight most recent VBUS3 measurements Block Read 2 0000h Rolling average of eight most recent VBUS4 measurements Block Read 2 0000h Rolling average of eight most recent VSENSE1 measurements Block Read 2 0000h Rolling average of eight most recent VSENSE2 measurements Block Read 2 0000h Rolling average of eight most recent VSENSE3 measurements Block Read 2 0000h Rolling average of eight most recent VSENSE4 measurements Block Read 2 0000h VSENSE x VBUS for Channel 1 Block Read 4 00000000h VSENSE x VBUS for Channel 2 Block Read 4 00000000h VSENSE x VBUS for Channel 3 Block Read 4 00000000h VSENSE x VBUS for Channel 4 Block Read 4 00000000h Register 6-10 CHANNEL_DIS and SMBus (Address 1Ch) Disable selected channels, activate SMBus functionality, pointer increment R/W 1 PAC1931: 70h PAC1932: 30h PAC1933: 10h PAC1934: 00h Register 6-11 NEG_PWR (Address 1Dh) Configuration control for enabling bidirectional current and bipolar voltage measurements R/W 1 00h Register 6-5 VBUSN Result Registers VBUS1 (07h), VBUS2 (08h), VBUS3 (09h),VBUS4 (0Ah ) Register 6-6 VSENSEn Result Registers: VSENSE1 (0Bh), VSENSE2 (0Ch), VSENSE3 (0Dh), VSENSE4 (0Eh) Register 6-7 VBUSN_AVG Result Registers VBUS1_AVG (0Fh), VBUS2_AVG (10h), VBUS3_AVG (11h), VBUS4_AVG (12h) Register 6-8 VSENSEn AVG Result Register VSENSE1_AVG (13h), VSENSE2_AVG (14h), VSENSE3_AVG(15h), VSENSE4_AVG (16h) Register 6-9 VPOWERN Result Register: VPOWER1 (17h), VPOWER2 (18h), VPOWER3 (19h), VPOWER4 (1Ah) Note 1: The VPOWERN Accumulator Registers, 03h-06h, have a POR value that is all zeros: 6 bytes  000000000000h.  2017-2019 Microchip Technology Inc. DS20005850E-page 33 PAC1931/2/3/4 TABLE 6-1: REGISTER SET IN HEXADECIMAL ORDER (CONTINUED) Register Number Description Type Bytes POR Value Register 6-12 REFRESH_G Command (Address 1Eh) REFRESH response to General Call Address SEND 0 N/A Register 6-13 REFRESH_V Command (Address 1Fh) Refreshes VBUS and VSENSE data only, no accumulator reset SEND 0 N/A Register 6-14 SLOW (Address 20h) Status and control for SLOW pin functions R/W 1 15h Register 6-15 CTRL_ACT Register (Address 21h) Currently active value of 01h (Control) R 1 00h Register 6-16 Channel DIS_ACT (Address 22h) Currently active value of 1Ch (CHANNEL_DIS and SMBus) R 1 00h Register 6-17 NEG_PWR_ACT (Address 23h) Currently active value of 1Dh(NEG_PWR) R 1 00h Register 6-18 CTRL_LAT Register (Address 24h) Latched image of 21h (CTRL_ACT) R 1 00h Register 6-19 Channel DIS_LAT (Address 25h) Latched image of 22h (Channel DIS_ACT) R 1 00h Register 6-20 NEG_PWR _LAT (Address 26h) Latched image of 23h (NEG_PWR_ACT) R 1 00h Register 6-21 Product ID Register (Address FDh) Stores the Product ID R 1 See register details Register 6-22 Manufacturer ID Register (Address FEh) Stores the Manufacturer ID R 1 5Dh Register 6-23 Revision ID Register (Address FFh) Stores the revision R 1 03h Note 1: The VPOWERN Accumulator Registers, 03h-06h, have a POR value that is all zeros: 6 bytes  000000000000h. DS20005850E-page 34  2017-2019 Microchip Technology Inc. PAC1931/2/3/4 6.1 Detailed Register Information REGISTER 6-1: SEND REFRESH COMMAND (ADDRESS 00H) SEND SEND SEND SEND SEND SEND SEND No Data in this command, Send Byte only bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writeable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ -n = Value at POR ‘1’ = bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-0 x = Bit is unknown This command is a SEND Byte, does not contain any data. When it is sent to the device, the REFRESH command is executed. The accumulator data, accumulator count, VBUS, and VSENSE measurements are all refreshed and the accumulators are reset. The master can read the accumulator data and accumulator count anytime 1 ms after the REFRESH command is sent, and anytime after than up until the next REFRESH command is sent. (The master can read VBUS and VSENSE data in the same time period. The accumulator results, accumulator count, VBUS and VSENSE data can be refreshed with the REFRESH_V command without resetting the accumulators, see Register 6-7). REGISTER 6-2: RW-0 CTRL REGISTER (ADDRESS 01H) RW-0 Sample_Rate[1:0] RW-0 RW-0 RW-0 RW-0 RW-0 R-0 SLEEP SING ALERT_PIN ALERT_CC OVF ALERT OVF bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writeable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ -n = Value at POR ‘1’ = bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared x = Bit is unknown bit 7-1 Write to these bits to change settings from default value. bit 7-6 Sample_Rate[1:0]: determines sample rate in Normal mode (if SLOW pin is not asserted). 00b = 1024 samples/s 01b = 256 samples/s 10b = 64 samples/s 11b = 8 samples/s bit 5 SLEEP: setting this bit to 1, followed by the REFRESH or REFRESH_V command, puts the device in SLEEP mode. All programmed, readable, and measured digital data is stable in this mode. Clearing the SLEEP bit and sending a REFRESH or REFRESH_V command causes the device become active and start converting in the mode specified by the Control registers (unless the SLOW pin is asserted, in which case it will start converting at an 8 Hz rate). The SLEEP bit has higher priority than the SING bit or the SLOW pin, if the SLEEP bit is set the device goes into SLEEP mode not matter how the SING bit or the SLOW pin are set. 0 = Active mode 1 = SLEEP mode, no data conversion  2017-2019 Microchip Technology Inc. DS20005850E-page 35 PAC1931/2/3/4 REGISTER 6-2: CTRL REGISTER (ADDRESS 01H) (CONTINUED) bit 4 SING: setting this bit to 1 puts the device in Single-shot mode. After writing this bit and sending a REFRESH command, the device resets the accumulators and performs one conversion cycle for any and all active channels, then returns to sleep mode. Another REFRESH command, without changing this bit, will perform another single-shot command. When the bit is cleared, sending a REFRESH command resets the accumulators and causes the device to start converting in the sequential scan mode for active channels. A REFRESH_V command may be used instead of REFRESH to move in and out of Single Shot mode without resetting the accumulators and accumulator count. 0 = Sequential scan mode 1 = Single-shot mode bit 3 ALERT_PIN: setting this bit to 1 causes the SLOW pin to function as an ALERT pin (active low output pin). If this bit is set to 1, the ALERT pin can be triggered by conversion complete if bit 2 is set. If this bit is set to 1, and the Overflow ALERT enable bit is set to 1, the ALERT pin will be triggered by accumulator or accumulator count overflow (see bit 1 and bit 0 descriptions directly below). Note that bit 3 only determines the functionality of this pin, SLOW or ALERT, it does not influence the ALERT functionality. If there is a pull-up resistor connected to the pin for ALERT functionality, the device will initially power-up in SLOW mode. Once bit 3 is set to enable ALERT functionality, the conversion rate will change to either the default or programmed value. 0 = Disable the ALERT pin function 1 = Enable the ALERT pin function bit 2 ALERT_CC: setting this bit to 1 causes the ALERT pin to be asserted for 5 μS at the end of each conversion cycle. 0 = No ALERT on Conversion Cycle Complete 1 = ALERT function asserted for 5 μS on each completion of the conversion cycle Note: If this bit and the OVF ALERT bit are set, OVF ALERT dominates. EOC alerts will not be seen on the ALERT pin if OVF ALERT = 1. bit 1 OVF ALERT: Overflow ALERT enable. If this bit is set and any of the accumulators or the accumulator counter overflow, the ALERT function will be triggered. This will be reflected in bit 0 of this register, and if bit 3 is set to 1, the ALERT pin will be triggered (sent low). The ALERT function is cleared by REFRESH or REFRESH_G. 0 = no ALERT if accumulator or accumulator counter overflow has occurred. 1 = ALERT pin triggered if accumulator or accumulator counter has overflowed If this bit and the ALERT_CC bit are set, OVF ALERT dominates. EOC alerts will not be seen on the ALERT pin if OVF ALERT =1. bit 0 OVF: Overflow indication status bit, this bit will be set to 1 if any of the accumulators or the accumulator counter overflows.This bit is by cleared REFRESH or REFRESH_G. These commands also clear the ALERT function. 0 = no accumulator or accumulator counter overflow has occurred 1 = accumulator or accumulator counter has overflowed DS20005850E-page 36  2017-2019 Microchip Technology Inc. PAC1931/2/3/4 REGISTER 6-3: R-0 ACC_COUNT REGISTER (ADDRESS 02h) R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 ACC_COUNT[23:16] R-0 R-0 bit 23 R-0 bit 16 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 ACC_COUNT[15:8] R-0 R-0 R-0 bit 15 bit 8 R-0 R-0 R-0 bit 7 Legend: R = Readable bit -n = Value at POR bit 23-0 W = Writeable bit ‘1’ = bit is set R-0 R-0 ACC_COUNT[7:0] bit0 R-0 R-0 R-0 bit0 U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ ‘0’ = Bit is cleared x = Bit is unknown ACC_COUNT[23:0]: contain the count for each time a power result has been summed in the accumulator  2017-2019 Microchip Technology Inc. DS20005850E-page 37 PAC1931/2/3/4 REGISTER 6-4: R-0 VPOWERN ACCUMULATOR REGISTERS: VPOWER1_ACC(03h), VPOWER2_ACC (04h), VPOWER3_ACC (05h), VPOWER4_ACC (06h) R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 VPOWERn[47:40] R-0 R-0 bit 47 R-0 bit 40 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 VPOWERn[39:32] R-0 R-0 bit 39 R-0 bit 32 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 VPOWERn[31:24] R-0 R-0 bit 31 R-0 bit 24 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 VPOWERn[23:16] R-0 R-0 bit 23 R-0 bit 16 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 VPOWERn[15:8] R-0 R-0 R-0 bit 15 bit 8 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 VPOWERn[7:0] R-0 R-0 bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit -n = Value at POR bit 47-0 R-0 W = Writeable bit ‘1’ = bit is set U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ ‘0’ = Bit is cleared x = Bit is unknown VPOWERn_ACC[47:0]: contain the accumulated sum of VPOWER samples, where n = 1 to 4, depending on device. These are 48 bit unsigned numbers unless either VBUS or VSENSE are configured to have a bipolar range. In that case they will be 48-bit two's complement (signed) numbers. Note that power is always calculated and accumulated using signed numbers for VBUS and VSENSE, but if both VBUS and VSENSE are in the default unipolar mode, power is reported as an unsigned number. This can lead to very small discrepancies between a manual comparison of the product of VBUS and VSENSE and the results that the chip calculates and accumulates for VPOWER. The digital math in the chip uses more bits than the reported results for VBUS and VSENSE, so the results registers for VPOWER and Accumulated Power will in some cases have a more accurate number than calculations using the results registers for VSENSE and VBUS will provide. DS20005850E-page 38  2017-2019 Microchip Technology Inc. PAC1931/2/3/4 REGISTER 6-5: R-0 VBUSN RESULT REGISTERS VBUS1 (07h), VBUS2 (08h), VBUS3 (09h),VBUS4 (0Ah) R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 VBUSn[15:8] R-0 R-0 R-0 bit 15 bit 8 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 VBUSn[7:0] R-0 R-0 R-0 bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit -n = Value at POR bit 15-0 W = Writeable bit ‘1’ = bit is set U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ ‘0’ = Bit is cleared x = Bit is unknown VBUSn[15:0]: contain the most recent digitized value of a VBUS sample, where n = 1 to 4, depending on device. These are 16 bit unsigned numbers unless VBUS is configured to have a bipolar range. In that case they will be 16-bit two's complement (signed) numbers. REGISTER 6-6: R-0 VSENSEn RESULT REGISTERS: VSENSE1 (0Bh), VSENSE2 (0Ch), VSENSE3 (0Dh), VSENSE4 (0Eh) R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 VSENSEn[15:8] R-0 R-0 R-0 bit 15 bit 8 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 VSENSEn[7:0] R-0 R-0 bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit -n = Value at POR bit 15-0 R-0 W = Writeable bit ‘1’ = bit is set U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ ‘0’ = Bit is cleared x = Bit is unknown VSENSEn[15:0]: contain the most recent digitized value of VSENSE samples, where n = 1 to 4, depending on device. These are 16 bit unsigned numbers unless VSENSE is configured to have a bipolar range. In that case they will be 16-bit two's complement (signed) numbers.  2017-2019 Microchip Technology Inc. DS20005850E-page 39 PAC1931/2/3/4 REGISTER 6-7: R-0 VBUSN_AVG RESULT REGISTERS VBUS1_AVG (0FH), VBUS2_AVG (10H), VBUS3_AVG (11H), VBUS4_AVG (12H) R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 VBUSn_AVG[15:8] R-0 R-0 R-0 bit 15 bit 8 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 VBUSn_AVG[7:0] R-0 R-0 R-0 bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit -n = Value at POR bit 15-0 W = Writeable bit ‘1’ = bit is set U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ ‘0’ = Bit is cleared x = Bit is unknown VBUSn_AVG[15:0]: contain a rolling average of the eight most recent VBUS measurements. They have the same format as the values in the VBUS registers. REGISTER 6-8: R-0 VSENSEn AVG RESULT REGISTER VSENSE1_AVG (13H), VSENSE2_AVG (14H), VSENSE3_AVG(15H), VSENSE4_AVG (16H) R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 VSENSEn_AVG[15:8] R-0 R-0 R-0 bit 15 bit 8 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 VSENSEn_AVG[7:0] R-0 R-0 bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit -n = Value at POR bit 15-0 R-0 W = Writeable bit ‘1’ = bit is set U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ ‘0’ = Bit is cleared x = Bit is unknown VSENSEn_AVG[15:0]: contain a rolling average of the eight most recent VSENSE results. They have the same format as the values in the VSENSE registers. DS20005850E-page 40  2017-2019 Microchip Technology Inc. PAC1931/2/3/4 REGISTER 6-9: R-0 VPOWERN RESULT REGISTER: VPOWER1 (17H), VPOWER2 (18H), VPOWER3 (19H), VPOWER4 (1AH) R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 VPOWERn[27:20] R-0 R-0 bit 31 R-0 bit 24 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 VPOWERn[19:12] R-0 R-0 bit 23 R-0 bit 16 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 VPOWERn[11:4] R-0 R-0 R-0 bit 15 bit 8 R-0 R-0 R-0 VPOWERn[3:0] R-0 U — U — U — bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit -n = Value at POR bit 31-4 bit 3-0 U — W = Writeable bit ‘1’ = bit is set U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ ‘0’ = Bit is cleared x = Bit is unknown VPOWERn[27:0]: these registers contain the product of VBUS (14 MSBs) and VSENSE which represents Proportional Power for each channel.These are 28 bit unsigned numbers unless either VBUS or VSENSE are configured to have a bipolar range. In that case they will be 28-bit two's complement (signed) numbers.These are the numbers that are accumulated in the accumulators. Note that power is always calculated using signed numbers for VBUS and VSENSE, but if both VBUS and VSENSE are in the default unipolar mode, power is reported as an unsigned number. This can lead to very small discrepancies between a manual comparison of the product of VBUS and VSENSE and the results that the chip calculates for VPOWER.The digital math in the chip uses more bits than the reported results for VBUS and VSENSE, so the results registers for VPOWER and Accumulated Power will in some cases have a more accurate number than calculations using the results registers for VSENSE and VBUS will provide. Not used at this time, always reads ‘0’  2017-2019 Microchip Technology Inc. DS20005850E-page 41 PAC1931/2/3/4 REGISTER 6-10: RW-0 CH1_OFF CHANNEL_DIS AND SMBUS (ADDRESS 1CH) RW-0 CH2_OFF RW-0 CH3_OFF RW-0 CH4_OFF RW-0 TIMEOUT RW-0 BYTE COUNT RW-0 NO SKIP bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit -n = Value at POR bit 7-4 bit 7 bit 6 bit 5 bit 4 bit 3 bit 2 bit 1 bit 0 U — W = Writeable bit ‘1’ = bit is set U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ ‘0’ = Bit is cleared x = Bit is unknown CHn_OFF[7:4]: allows one or more channels to be inactive during the conversion cycle. These settings apply for normal continuous round-robin conversion cycles or Single-Shot mode, if Single-Shot mode is selected. Note that if a channel is set to inactive, the auto incrementing address pointer will skip addresses associated with that channel unless the Pointer Skipping bit 1 in this register is set. Changes to bits 7-4 do not take effect until a REFRESH, REFRESH_V, or REFRESH_G command are sent. Changes to bits 3-1 take place as soon as a new value is written, they are not gated by a REFRESH command like most other control bits. 0 = CH1 ON. Channel 1 active during conversion cycle 1 = CH1 OFF. Channel 1 inactive during conversion cycle 0 = CH2 ON. Channel 2 active during conversion cycle 1 = CH2 OFF. Channel 2 inactive during conversion cycle (for PAC1931, this bit is set to ‘1’ with factory trim. Although you can program this bit to a ‘1’ for PAC1931, you will not be able to read the data from this channel). 0 = CH3 ON. Channel 3 active during conversion cycle 1 = CH3 OFF. Channel 3 inactive during conversion cycle (for PAC1931 and PAC1932, this bit is set to ‘1’ with factory trim. Although you can program this bit to a ‘1’ for PAC1931 and PAC1932, you will not be able to read the data from this channel). 0 = CH4 ON. Channel 4 active during conversion cycle 1 = CH4 OFF. Channel 4 inactive during conversion cycle (for PAC1931, PAC1932 and PAC1933, this bit is set to ‘1’ with factory trim. Although you can program this bit to a ‘1’ for PAC1931, PAC1932 and PAC1933, you will not be able to read the data from this channel). TIMEOUT: Timeout enable bit. The SMBus timeout is disabled by default, and is enabled by setting this bit. 0 = No SMBus timeout feature 1 = SMBus timeout feature is available BYTE COUNT: causes Byte Count data to be included in the response to the SMBus Block Read command for each register read. This functionality is disabled by default, and Block Read corresponds to I2C protocol. 0 = No Byte Count in response to a Block Read command 1 = Data in response to a Block Read command includes the Byte Count data NO SKIP: controls the auto-incrementing of the address pointer for channels that are inactive 0 = The auto-incrementing pointer will skip over addresses used by/for channels that are inactive 1 = The auto-incrementing pointer will not skip over addresses used by/for channels that are inactive. With this setting, these channels that are disabled will read 0xFF if read. Unimplemented bits always read ‘0’ DS20005850E-page 42  2017-2019 Microchip Technology Inc. PAC1931/2/3/4 REGISTER 6-11: RW-0 CH1_BIDI bit 7 RW-0 CH2_BIDI Legend: R = Readable bit -n = Value at POR bit 7-4 bit 3-0 bit 7 bit 6 bit 5 bit 4 bit 3 bit 2 bit 1 bit 0 NEG_PWR (ADDRESS 1DH) RW-0 CH3_BIDI RW-0 CH4 BIDI W = Writeable bit ‘1’ = bit is set RW-0 CH1_BIDV RW-0 CH2_BIDV RW-0 CH3_BIDV RW-0 CH4_BIDV bit 0 U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ ‘0’ = Bit is cleared x = Bit is unknown CHn_BIDI[7:4]: these control bits allow the user to enable bidirectional current measurements for any channel, which will result in the VSENSE voltage measurement data being in 16-bit two's complement (signed) format. If the channel is enabled for negative current measurements, the full scale range for VSENSE is -100 mV to +100 mV. If these bits are enabled for any channel, that channel’s power numbers are also capable of reporting bidirectional numbers in two’s complement format. CHn_BIDI[3:0]: these control bits allow the user to enable bidirectional/bipolar voltage measurements for any channel, which will result in the VBUS voltage measurement data being in 16 bit two’s complement format. If the channel is enabled for negative voltage measurements, the full scale range for VBUS is +32V to -32V. Note that this range is the digital FSR, the VBUS input will not give accurate measurements if taken more than 200 mV below ground. If these bits are enabled for any channel, that channel’s power numbers are also capable of reporting bidirectional numbers in two’s complement format. 0 = Channel 1 VSENSE ADC converts 0 to +100 mV range with 16-bit straight binary output 1 = Channel 1 VSENSE ADC converts -100 mV to +100 mV range with 16-bit two’s complement output 0 = Channel 2 VSENSE ADC converts 0 to +100 mV range with 16 bit straight binary output 1 = Channel 2 VSENSE ADC converts -100 mV to +100 mV range with 16 bit two’s complement output 0 = Channel 3 VSENSE ADC converts 0 to +100 mV range with 16-bit straight binary output 1 = Channel 3 VSENSE ADC converts -100 mV to +100 mV range with 16-bit two’s complement output 0 = Channel 4 VSENSE ADC converts 0 to +100 mV range with 16-bit straight binary output 1 = Channel 4 VSENSE ADC converts -100 mV to +100 mV range with 16 bit two’s complement output 0 = Channel 1 VBUS ADC converts 0 to +32V range with 16-bit straight binary output 1 = Channel 1 VBUS ADC converts -32V to +32 range with 16-bit two’s complement output 0 = Channel 2 VBUS ADC converts 0 to +32V range with 16-bit straight binary output 1 = Channel 2 VBUS ADC converts -32V to +32V range with 16-bit two’s complement output 0 = Channel 3 VBUS ADC converts 0 to +32V range with 16-bit straight binary output 1 = Channel 3 VBUS ADC converts -32V to +32V range with 16-bit two’s complement output 0 = Channel 4 VBUS ADC converts 0 to +32V range with 16-bit straight binary output 1 = Channel 4 VBUS ADC converts -32V to +32V range with 16-bit two’s complement output  2017-2019 Microchip Technology Inc. DS20005850E-page 43 PAC1931/2/3/4 REGISTER 6-12: SEND REFRESH_G COMMAND (ADDRESS 1EH) SEND SEND SEND SEND SEND No Data in this command, Send Byte only SEND SEND bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit -n = Value at POR bit 7-0 U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ ‘0’ = Bit is cleared x = Bit is unknown This command is a SEND Byte, does not contain any data. It is exactly like the REFRESH command but is intended for use with the General Call command. When it is sent to the device, the REFRESH command is executed and the readable accumulator data, readable accumulator count, VBUS, and VSENSE measurements are all refreshed and the internal accumulators values or accumulator count are reset, exactly like the REFRESH command. The master can read the updated data 1 ms after the REFRESH_G command is sent, and anytime after than up until the next REFRESH, REFRESH_G, or REFRESH_V command is sent. REGISTER 6-13: SEND W = Writeable bit ‘1’ = bit is set REFRESH_V COMMAND (ADDRESS 1FH) SEND SEND SEND SEND SEND No Data in this command, Send Byte only SEND SEND bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit -n = Value at POR bit 7-0 W = Writeable bit ‘1’ = bit is set U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ ‘0’ = Bit is cleared x = Bit is unknown This command is a SEND Byte, does not contain any data. When it is sent to the device, the REFRESH_V command is executed. It is similar to the REFRESH command except the accumulators and accumulator count are not reset. The readable accumulator data, readable accumulator count, VBUS, and VSENSE measurements are all refreshed without affecting the internal accumulators values or accumulator count. The master can read the updated data 1 ms after the REFRESH_V command is sent, and anytime after than up until the next REFRESH, REFRESH_G, or REFRESH_V command is sent. DS20005850E-page 44  2017-2019 Microchip Technology Inc. PAC1931/2/3/4 REGISTER 6-14: R-0 SLOW bit 7 SLOW (ADDRESS 20H) R-0 SLOW-LH Legend: R = Readable bit -n = Value at POR R-0 SLOW_HL W = Writeable bit ‘1’ = bit is set RW-1 R_RISE RW-0 R_V_RISE RW-1 R_FALL RW-0 R_V_FALL RW-1 POR bit 0 U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ ‘0’ = Bit is cleared x = Bit is unknown This register tracks the state of the SLOW pin, tracks transitions on the SLOW pin, and controls the type of limited REFRESH command (if any) that occurs on a SLOW pin transition. This allows software to monitor the state of the SLOW pin and its transitions over I2C even though the SLOW pin is asynchronous to the I2C pins and may have a different controller. All of the bits in this register are updated in real time, they do not require a REFRESH signal to be updated. Note that if a REFRESH and REFRESH_V are both enabled for a certain SLOW pin transition, REFRESH will be executed (REFRESH wins over REFRESH_V). On a transition of the SLOW pin, a limited REFRESH function is executed. These limited REFRESH and REFRESH_V functions update all of the readable results registers. For the limited REFRESH function only, it also reset the accumulators and accumulator count. These are called limited REFRESH and limited REFRESH_V functions because there is no activation of any pending changes to the Control registers. If the SLOW pin is configured to act as an ALERT pin, all of these bits are always 0. The bits are not cleared when read, see the details on each bit for clearing information. SLOW Control and Status Bits bit 7 = 0 The SLOW pin is pulled low externally bit 7 = 1 The SLOW pin is pulled high externally bit 6 = 0 The SLOW pin has not transitioned low to high since the last REFRESH command The SLOW pin has transitioned low to high since the last REFRESH command bit 6 = 1 The bit is reset to 0 by a REFRESH or REFRESH_G command bit 5 = 0 The SLOW pin has not transitioned high to low since the last REFRESH command The SLOW pin has transitioned high to low since the last REFRESH command bit 5 = 1 The bit is reset to 0 by a REFRESH or REFRESH_G command bit 4 = 0 Disables a limited REFRESH function to take place on the rising edge of the SLOW pin bit 4 = 1 Enables a limited REFRESH function to take place on the rising edge of the SLOW pin The bit is not reset automatically, it must be written to be changed. bit 3 = 0 Disables a limited REFRESH_V function to take place on the rising edge of the SLOW pin bit 3 = 1 Enables a limited REFRESH_V function to take place on the rising edge of the SLOW pin The bit is not reset automatically, it must be written to be changed bit 2 = 0 Disables a limited REFRESH function to take place on the falling edge of the SLOW pin bit 2 = 1 Enables a limited REFRESH function to take place on the falling edge of the SLOW pin The bit is not reset automatically, it must be written to be changed bit 1 = 0 Disables a limited REFRESH_V function to take place on the falling edge of the SLOW pin bit 1 = 1 Enables a limited REFRESH_V function to take place on the falling edge of the SLOW pin The bit is not reset automatically, it must be written to be changed POR Status Bit The POR bit is a POR flag, for the purpose of enabling the system designer can clear it after POR, and then monitor it to detect if the device was powered cycled or somehow reset since the POR. If the reset is detected in this manner, any non-default programming can be reprogrammed. bit 0 = 0 This bit has been cleared over I2C since the last POR occurred bit 0 = 1 This bit has the POR default value of 1, and has not been cleared since the last reset occurred This bit is only reset by POR  2017-2019 Microchip Technology Inc. DS20005850E-page 45 PAC1931/2/3/4 REGISTER 6-15: CTRL_ACT REGISTER (ADDRESS 21H) R-0 R-0 Sample_Rate[1:0] bit 7 Legend: R = Readable bit -n = Value at POR R-0 SLEEP W = Writeable bit ‘1’ = bit is set R-0 SING R-0 ALERT_PIN R-0 ALERT_CC R-0 OVF ALERT R-0 OVF bit 0 U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ ‘0’ = Bit is cleared x = Bit is unknown This register contains an image of the Control register, 01h. The bits in this register reflect the current active value of these settings, whereas the values in register 01h may have been programmed but not activated by one of the REFRESH commands. This register allows the software to determine the actual active setting. This register is valid when the Results registers are valid, 1 ms after a REFRESH/_V/_G command (in most cases). However, if the users program a conversion rate change followed by REFRESH, the new conversion rate will not become effective until the current conversion cycle is complete. For example, if the old sample rate was 8 Hz, it will take up to 125 mS before the conversion cycle (and the CTRL_ACT register) are updated. This delay can be variable, depending on where we are in the conversion cycle when the REFRESH command is sent. bit 7-6 Sample_Rate[1:0]: shows the value that is currently active since the most recent REFRESH function was received for programmed sample rate in Normal mode (that is, if SLOW pin is not asserted) 00b = 1024 samples/s 01b = 256 samples/s 10b = 64 samples/s 11b = 8 samples/s bit 5 SLEEP: shows the value that is currently active since the most recent REFRESH function was received for the SLEEP bit. 0 = ACTIVE mode 1 = SLEEP mode, no data conversion bit 4 SING: shows the value that is currently active since the most recent REFRESH function was received for the single shot select bit, SING. 0 = Sequential scan mode 1 = Single-shot mode bit 3 ALERT_PIN: shows the value that is currently active since the most recent REFRESH function was received for the ALERT_PIN bit. 0 = Disable the ALERT pin function 1 = Enable the ALERT pin function bit 2 ALERT_CC: shows the value that is currently active since the most recent REFRESH function was received for the ALERT_CC bit. 0 = No ALERT on Conversion Cycle Complete 1 = ALERT function asserted for 5 μS on each completion of the conversion cycle bit 1 OVF ALERT: shows the value that is currently active since the most recent REFRESH function was received for the OVF ALERT bit. 0 = No ALERT if accumulator or accumulator counter overflow has occurred 1 = ALERT pin triggered if accumulator or accumulator counter has overflowed bit 0 OVF: shows the value that is currently active since the most recent REFRESH function was received for the OVF bit. 0 = No accumulator or accumulator counter overflow has occurred 1 = Accumulator or accumulator counter has overflowed DS20005850E-page 46  2017-2019 Microchip Technology Inc. PAC1931/2/3/4 REGISTER 6-16: R-0 CH1_OFF bit 7 CHANNEL DIS_ACT (ADDRESS 22H) R-0 CH2_OFF Legend: R = Readable bit -n = Value at POR R-0 CH3_OFF R-0 CH4_OFF W = Writeable bit ‘1’ = bit is set U — U — U — U — bit 0 U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ ‘0’ = Bit is cleared x = Bit is unknown This register contains an image of the Channel Disable bits in register 1Ch.The bits in this register reflect the value that was activated by the most recent REFRESH function, and is currently active. Whereas the values in register 1Ch may have been programmed but not activated by one of the REFRESH commands, register 22h allows software to determine the actual active setting. This register is valid when the Results registers are valid, 1 ms after a REFRESH/_V/_G command. bit 7-4 CHn_OFF[7:4]: shows the value that is currently active for these bits. bit 7 0 = CH1 ON. Channel 1 active during conversion cycle 1 = CH1 OFF. Channel 1 inactive during conversion cycle bit 6 0 = CH2 ON. Channel 2 active during conversion cycle 1 = CH2 OFF. Channel 2 inactive during conversion cycle bit 5 0 = CH3 ON. Channel 3 active during conversion cycle 1 = CH3 OFF. Channel 3 inactive during conversion cycle bit 4 0 = CH4 ON. Channel 4 active during conversion cycle 1 = CH4 OFF. Channel 4 inactive during conversion cycle bit 3-0 Not used, always reads ‘0’ REGISTER 6-17: R-0 CH1_BIDI bit 7 NEG_PWR_ACT (ADDRESS 23H) R-0 CH2_BIDI Legend: R = Readable bit -n = Value at POR R-0 CH3_BIDI R-0 CH4 BIDI W = Writeable bit ‘1’ = bit is set R-0 CH1_BIDV R-0 CH2_BIDV R-0 CH3_BIDV R-0 CH4_BIDV bit 0 U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ ‘0’ = Bit is cleared x = Bit is unknown This register contains an image of the NEG_PWR register, 1Dh.The bits in this register reflect the current active value of these settings, whereas the values in register 1Dh may have been programmed but not activated by one of the REFRESH commands. This register allows software to determine the actual active setting. This register is valid when the Results registers are valid, 1 ms after a REFRESH/_V/_G command. bit 7-4 CH1_BIDI[7:4]: these bits show the current active value of the corresponding bits in Register 6-11, NEG_PWR (Address 1Dh). bit 3-0 CH1_BIDV[3:0]: these bits show the current active value of the corresponding bits in Register 6-11, NEG_PWR (Address 1Dh). bit 7 0 = Channel 1 VSENSE ADC converts 0 to +100 mV range with 16-bit straight binary output 1 = Channel 1 VSENSE ADC converts -100 mV to +100 mV range with 16-bit two’s complement output bit 6 0 = Channel 2 VSENSE ADC converts 0 to +100 mV range with 16-bit straight binary output 1 = Channel 2 VSENSE ADC converts -100 mV to +100 mV range with 16-bit two’s complement output bit 5 0 = Channel 3 VSENSE ADC converts 0 to +100 mV range with 16-bit straight binary output 1 = Channel 3 VSENSE ADC converts -100 mV to +100 mV range with 16-bit two’s complement output bit 4 0 = Channel 4 VSENSE ADC converts 0 to +100 mV range with 16-bit straight binary output 1 = Channel 4 VSENSE ADC converts -100 mV to +100 mV range with 16-bit two’s complement output  2017-2019 Microchip Technology Inc. DS20005850E-page 47 PAC1931/2/3/4 REGISTER 6-17: bit 3 bit 2 bit 1 bit 0 NEG_PWR_ACT (ADDRESS 23H) (CONTINUED) 0 = Channel 1 VBUS ADC converts 0 to +32V range with 16-bit straight binary output 1 = Channel 1 VBUS ADC converts -32V to +32V range with 16-bit two’s complement output 0 = Channel 2 VBUS ADC converts 0 to +32V range with 16-bit straight binary output 1 = Channel 2 VBUS ADC converts -32V to +32V range with 16-bit two’s complement output 0 = Channel 3 VBUS ADC converts 0 to +32V range with 16-bit straight binary output 1 = Channel 3 VBUS ADC converts -32V to +32V range with 16-bit two’s complement output 0 = Channel 4 VBUS ADC converts 0 to +32V range with 16-bit straight binary output 1 = Channel 4 VBUS ADC converts -32V to +32V range with 16-bit two’s complement output REGISTER 6-18: CTRL_LAT REGISTER (ADDRESS 24H) R-0 R-0 Sample_Rate[1:0] bit 7 Legend: R = Readable bit -n = Value at POR R-0 SLEEP W = Writeable bit ‘1’ = bit is set R-0 SING R-0 ALERT_PIN R-0 ALERT_CC R-0 OVF ALERT R-0 OVF bit 0 U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ ‘0’ = Bit is cleared x = Bit is unknown This register contains an image of the Register 6-15 CTRL_ACT Register (Address 21h). The bits in this register reflect the value of these settings that was active before the most recent REFRESH command (including REFRESH_V and/or REFRESH_G). The values in register 01h may have been programmed but not activated by one of the REFRESH commands, and the values in 21h are currently active. This register allows software to determine the actual active setting that was active prior to the most recent REFRESH command and therefore corresponds to the dataset that is held in the readable registers. This register is valid when the Results registers are valid, 1 ms after a REFRESH/_V/_G command. bit 7-6 Sample_Rate[1:0]: shows the value of these settings that was latched prior to the most recent REFRESH command (including REFRESH_V and/or REFRESH_G) 00b = 1024 samples/s 01b = 256 samples/s 10b = 64 samples/s 11b = 8 samples/s bit 5 SLEEP: shows the value of these settings that was latched prior to the most recent REFRESH command (including REFRESH_V and/or REFRESH_G). 0 = Active mode 1 = SLEEP mode, no data conversion bit 4 SING: shows the value of these settings that was latched prior to the most recent REFRESH command (including REFRESH_V and/or REFRESH_G). 0 = Sequential scan mode 1 = Single-shot mode bit 3 ALERT_PIN: the value of these settings that was latched prior to the most recent REFRESH command (including REFRESH_V and/or REFRESH_G). 0 = Disable the ALERT pin function 1 = Enable the ALERT pin function bit 2 ALERT_CC: shows the value of these settings that was latched prior to the most recent REFRESH command (including REFRESH_V and/or REFRESH_G) for the ALERT_CC bit. 0 = No ALERT on Conversion Cycle Complete 1 = ALERT function asserted for 5 μS on each completion of the conversion cycle DS20005850E-page 48  2017-2019 Microchip Technology Inc. PAC1931/2/3/4 REGISTER 6-18: bit 1 bit 0 OVF ALERT: shows the value of these settings that was latched prior to the most recent REFRESH command (including REFRESH_V and/or REFRESH_G) for the OVF_ALERT bit. 0 = No ALERT if accumulator or accumulator counter overflow has occurred 1 = ALERT pin triggered if accumulator or accumulator counter has overflowed OVF: shows the value of these settings that was latched prior to the most recent REFRESH command (including REFRESH_V and/or REFRESH_G) for the OVF bit. 0 = No accumulator or accumulator counter overflow has occurred 1 = Accumulator or accumulator counter has overflowed REGISTER 6-19: R-0 CH1_OFF bit 7 CTRL_LAT REGISTER (ADDRESS 24H) (CONTINUED) CHANNEL DIS_LAT (ADDRESS 25H) R-0 CH2_OFF Legend: R = Readable bit -n = Value at POR R-0 CH3_OFF R-0 CH4_OFF W = Writeable bit ‘1’ = bit is set U — U — U — U — bit 0 U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ ‘0’ = Bit is cleared x = Bit is unknown This register contains an image of the Register 6-16 Channel DIS_ACT (Address 22h).The bits in this register reflect the value of these settings that was active before the most recent REFRESH command (including REFRESH_V and/or REFRESH_G). The values in register 1Ch may have been programmed but not activated by one of the REFRESH commands, and the values in 22h are currently active. This register allows software to determine the actual active setting that was active prior to the most recent REFRESH command and therefore corresponds to the dataset that is held in the readable registers. This register is valid when the Results registers are valid, 1 ms after a REFRESH/_V/_G command. bit 7-4 CHn_OFF[7:4]: the value of these settings that was latched prior to the most recent REFRESH command (including REFRESH_V and/or REFRESH_G). bit 7 0 = CH1 ON. Channel 1 active during conversion cycle 1 = CH1 OFF. Channel 1 inactive during conversion cycle bit 6 0 = CH2 ON. Channel 2 active during conversion cycle 1 = CH2 OFF. Channel 2 inactive during conversion cycle bit 5 0 = CH3 ON. Channel 3 active during conversion cycle 1 = CH3 OFF. Channel 3 inactive during conversion cycle bit 4 0 = CH4 ON. Channel 4 active during conversion cycle 1 = CH4 OFF. Channel 4 inactive during conversion cycle bit 3-0 Not used, always read ‘0’  2017-2019 Microchip Technology Inc. DS20005850E-page 49 PAC1931/2/3/4 REGISTER 6-20: R-0 CH1_BIDI bit 7 NEG_PWR _LAT (ADDRESS 26H) R-0 CH2_BIDI Legend: R = Readable bit -n = Value at POR R-0 CH3_BIDI R-0 CH4 BIDI W = Writeable bit ‘1’ = bit is set R-0 CH1_BIDV R-0 CH2_BIDV R-0 CH3_BIDV R-0 CH4_BIDV bit 0 U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ ‘0’ = Bit is cleared x = Bit is unknown This register contains an image of the Register 6-17 NEG_PWR_ACT (Address 23h).The bits in this register reflect the value of these settings that was active before the most recent REFRESH command (including REFRESH_V and/or REFRESH_G). The values in register 1Dh may have been programmed but not activated by one of the REFRESH commands, and the values in 23h are currently active. This register allows software to determine the actual active setting that was active prior to the most recent REFRESH command and therefore corresponds to the dataset that is held in the readable registers. This register is valid when the Results registers are valid, 1 ms after a REFRESH/_V/_G command. bit 7-4 CHn_BIDI[7:4]: the value of these settings that was latched prior to the most recent REFRESH command (including REFRESH_V and/or REFRESH_G). bit 3-0 CHn_BIDV[3:0]: the value of these settings that was latched prior to the most recent REFRESH command (including REFRESH_V and/or REFRESH_G). bit 7 0 = Channel 1 VSENSE ADC converts 0 to +100mV range with 16-bit straight binary output 1 = Channel 1 VSENSE ADC converts -100mV to +100mV range with 16 bit two’s complement output bit 6 0 = Channel 2 VSENSE ADC converts 0 to +100mV range with 16-bit straight binary output 1 = Channel 2 VSENSE ADC converts -100mV to +100mV range with 16-bit two’s complement output bit 5 0 = Channel 3 VSENSE ADC converts 0 to +100mV range with 16-bit straight binary output 1 = Channel 3 VSENSE ADC converts -100mV to +100mV range with 16-bit two’s complement output bit 4 0 = Channel 4 VSENSE ADC converts 0 to +100mV range with 16-bit straight binary output 1 = Channel 4 VSENSE ADC converts -100mV to +100mV range with 16-bit two’s complement output bit 3 0 = Channel 1 VBUS ADC converts 0 to +32V range with 16-bit straight binary output 1 = Channel 1 VBUS ADC converts -32V to +32V range with 16-bit two’s complement output bit 2 0 = Channel 2 VBUS ADC converts 0 to +32V range with 16-bit straight binary output 1 = Channel 2 VBUS ADC converts -32V to +32V range with 16-bit two’s complement output bit 1 0 = Channel 3 VBUS ADC converts 0 to +32V range with 16-bit straight binary output 1 = Channel 3 VBUS ADC converts -32V to +32V range with 16-bit two’s complement output bit 0 0 = Channel 4 VBUS ADC converts 0 to +32V range with 16-bit straight binary output 1 = Channel 4 VBUS ADC converts -32V to +32V range with 16-bit two’s complement output DS20005850E-page 50  2017-2019 Microchip Technology Inc. PAC1931/2/3/4 REGISTER 6-21: R-0 PRODUCT ID REGISTER (ADDRESS FDh) R-1 R-0 R-1 R-1 R-0 R-1 R-1 PID[7:0] bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit -n = Value at POR bit 7-0 W = Writeable bit ‘1’ = bit is set U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ ‘0’ = Bit is cleared x = Bit is unknown PID[7:0]: contain the Product ID for the PAC1931/2/3/4. 0101_1000 for PAC1931 0101_1001 for PAC1932 0101_1010 for PAC1933 0101_1011 for PAC1934 (Default shown in table directly above) REGISTER 6-22: R-0 MANUFACTURER ID REGISTER (ADDRESS FEh) R-1 R-0 R-1 R-1 R-1 R-0 R-1 MID[7:0] bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit -n = Value at POR bit 7-0 W = Writeable bit ‘1’ = bit is set U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ ‘0’ = Bit is cleared x = Bit is unknown MID[7:0]: the Manufacturer ID register identifies Microchip as the manufacturer of the PAC1931/2/3/4 This value is 5Dh. REGISTER 6-23: R-0 REVISION ID REGISTER (ADDRESS FFh) R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-1 R-1 RID[7:0] bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit -n = Value at POR bit 7-0 W = Writeable bit ‘1’ = bit is set U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ ‘0’ = Bit is cleared x = Bit is unknown RID[7:0]: the Revision register identifies the die revision This register reads 03h.  2017-2019 Microchip Technology Inc. DS20005850E-page 51 PAC1931/2/3/4 7.0 PACKAGE DESCRIPTION 7.1 Package Marking Information UQFN PAC1932/3/4 Example PAC 1932 JQ^^ e3 929256 WLCSP-16 PAC1931/2/3/4 Example 934 925 Legend: XX...X Y YY WW NNN e3 * Note: DS20005850E-page 52 Customer-specific information Year code (last digit of calendar year) Year code (last 2 digits of calendar year) Week code (week of January 1 is week ‘01’) Alphanumeric traceability code Pb-free JEDEC® designator for Matte Tin (Sn) This package is Pb-free. The Pb-free JEDEC designator ( e3 ) can be found on the outer packaging for this package. In the event the full Microchip part number cannot be marked on one line, it will be carried over to the next line, thus limiting the number of available characters for customer-specific information.  2017-2019 Microchip Technology Inc. PAC1931/2/3/4 16-Lead Ultra Thin Plastic Quad Flat, No Lead Package (JQ) - 4x4x0.5 mm Body [UQFN] Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging D A B N NOTE 1 1 2 E (DATUM B) (DATUM A) 2X 0.20 C 2X TOP VIEW 0.20 C SEATING PLANE A1 0.10 C C A 16X (A3) 0.08 C SIDE VIEW 0.10 C A B D2 0.10 C A B E2 2 e 2 1 NOTE 1 K N 16X b 0.10 L e C A B BOTTOM VIEW Microchip Technology Drawing C04-257A Sheet 1 of 2  2017-2019 Microchip Technology Inc. DS20005850E-page 53 PAC1931/2/3/4 16-Lead Ultra Thin Plastic Quad Flat, No Lead Package (JQ) - 4x4x0.5 mm Body [UQFN] Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging Units Dimension Limits Number of Pins N e Pitch A Overall Height Standoff A1 A3 Terminal Thickness Overall Width E E2 Exposed Pad Width D Overall Length D2 Exposed Pad Length b Terminal Width Terminal Length L K Terminal-to-Exposed-Pad MIN 0.45 0.00 2.50 2.50 0.25 0.30 0.20 MILLIMETERS NOM 16 0.65 BSC 0.50 0.02 0.127 REF 4.00 BSC 2.60 4.00 BSC 2.60 0.30 0.40 - MAX 0.55 0.05 2.70 2.70 0.35 0.50 - Notes: 1. Pin 1 visual index feature may vary, but must be located within the hatched area. 2. Package is saw singulated 3. Dimensioning and tolerancing per ASME Y14.5M BSC: Basic Dimension. Theoretically exact value shown without tolerances. REF: Reference Dimension, usually without tolerance, for information purposes only. Microchip Technology Drawing C04-257A Sheet 2 of 2 DS20005850E-page 54  2017-2019 Microchip Technology Inc. PAC1931/2/3/4 16-Lead Ultra Thin Plastic Quad Flat, No Lead Package (JQ) - 4x4x0.5 mm Body [UQFN] Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging C1 X2 16 1 2 C2 Y2 Y1 X1 E SILK SCREEN RECOMMENDED LAND PATTERN Units Dimension Limits E Contact Pitch Optional Center Pad Width X2 Optional Center Pad Length Y2 Contact Pad Spacing C1 Contact Pad Spacing C2 Contact Pad Width (X16) X1 Contact Pad Length (X16) Y1 MIN MILLIMETERS NOM 0.65 BSC MAX 2.70 2.70 4.00 4.00 0.35 0.80 Notes: 1. Dimensioning and tolerancing per ASME Y14.5M BSC: Basic Dimension. Theoretically exact value shown without tolerances. Microchip Technology Drawing C04-2257A  2017-2019 Microchip Technology Inc. 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