Features
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Internal Frequency-to-voltage Converter
Externally Controlled Integrated Amplifier
Overload Limitation with “Fold Back” Characteristic
Optimized Soft-start Function
Tacho Monitoring for Shorted and Open Loop
Automatic Retriggering Switchable
Triggering Pulse Typically 155 mA
Voltage and Current Synchronization
Internal Supply-voltage Monitoring
Temperature Reference Source
Current Requirement £ 3 mA
Description
The integrated circuit U211B is designed as a phase-control circuit in bipolar technology with an internal frequency-to-voltage converter. The device includes an internal
control amplifier which means it can be used for speed-regulated motor applications.
Amongst others, the device features integrated load limitation, tacho monitoring and
soft-start functions, to realize sophisticated motor control systems.
Phase Control
IC with
Overload
Limitation
for Tacho
Applications
Figure 1. Block Diagram
17(16)
Automatic
retriggering
Voltage/current
detector
11(10)
+
U211B
5*
1(1)
Output
pulse
Control
amplifier
4(4)
6(5)
7(6)
10(9)
-
Phasecontrol unit
j = f (V12)
3(3)
Supply
voltage
limitation
14(13)
15(14)
Reference
voltage
Load limitation
speed/time
controlled
2(2)
-VS
GND
16(15)
Voltage
monitoring
Controlled
current sink
Soft start
Frequencyto-voltage
converter
Pulse-blocking
tacho
monitoring
18*
-VRef
12(11)
13(12)
9(8)
8(7)
Pin numbers in brackets refer to SO16
* Pins 5 and 18 connected internally
Rev. 4752A–INDCO–10/03
Pin Configuration
Figure 2. Pinning DIP18
Isync
1
18 PB/TM
GND 2
17 Vsync
VS 3
16 VRef
Output 4
15 OVL
Retr 5
U211B
VRP 6
CP 7
14 Isense
13 Csoft
12 CTR/OPO
F/V 8
11 OP+
CRV 9
10 OP-
Pin Description
2
Pin
Symbol
Function
1
Isync
Current synchronization
2
GND
Ground
Supply voltage
3
VS
4
Output
5
Retr
Retrigger programming
6
VRP
Ramp current adjust
7
CP
Ramp voltage
8
F/V
Frequency-to-voltage converter
9
CRV
Charge pump
10
OP-
OP inverting input
Trigger pulse output
11
OP+
OP non-inverting input
12
CTR/OPO
Control input/OP output
13
Csoft
Soft start
14
Isense
Load-current sensing
15
OVL
Overload adjust
16
VRef
Reference voltage
17
Vsync
Voltage synchronization
18
PB/TM
Pulse blocking/tacho monitoring
U211B
4752A–INDCO–10/03
U211B
Figure 3. Pinning SO16
Isync
1
16 V
sync
GND
2
15 V
Ref
VS
3
14 OVL
Output
4
13 Isense
VRP
5
12 Csoft
CP
6
11 CTR/OPO
F/V
7
10 OP+
CRV
8
9
U211B
OP-
Pin Description
Pin
Symbol
Function
1
Isync
Current synchronization
2
GND
Ground
Supply voltage
3
VS
4
Output
Trigger pulse output
5
VRP
Ramp current adjust
6
CP
Ramp voltage
7
F/V
Frequency-to-voltage converter
8
CRV
Charge pump
9
OP-
OP inverting input
10
OP+
OP non-inverting input
11
CTR/OPO
Control input/OP output
12
Csoft
Soft start
13
Isense
Load-current sensing
14
OVL
Overload adjust
15
VRef
Reference voltage
16
Vsync
Voltage synchronization
3
4752A–INDCO–10/03
Mains Supply
The U211B is equipped with voltage limiting and can therefore be supplied directly from
the mains. The supply voltage between pin 2 (+ pol/_|_) and pin 3 builds up across D1
and R1 and is smoothed by C1. The value of the series resistance can be approximated
using:
VM – V S
R 1 = -------------------2 IS
Further information regarding the design of the mains supply can be found in the section
“Design Hints” on page 8. The reference voltage source on pin 16 of typically -8.9 V is
derived from the supply voltage and is used for regulation.
Operation using an externally stabilized DC voltage is not recommended.
If the supply cannot be taken directly from the mains because the power dissipation in
R1 would be too large, the circuit as shown in Figure 4 should be used.
Figure 4. Supply Voltage for High Current Requirements
~
24 V~
1
R1
Phase Control
2
3
4
5
C1
The phase angle of the trigger pulse is derived by comparing the ramp voltage (which is
mains synchronized by the voltage detector) with the set value on the control input
pin 12. The slope of the ramp is determined by C2 and its charging current. The charging
current can be varied using R2 on pin 6. The maximum phase angle amax can also be
adjusted by using R2.
When the potential on pin 7 reaches the nominal value predetermined at pin 12, a trigger pulse is generated whose width tp is determined by the value of C2 (the value of C2
and hence the pulse width can be evaluated by assuming 8 µs/nF). At the same time, a
latch is set, so that as long as the automatic retriggering has not been activated, no
more pulses can be generated in that half cycle.
The current sensor on pin 1 ensures that, for operations with inductive loads, no pulse
will be generated in a new half cycle as long as a current from the previous half cycle is
still flowing in the opposite direction to the supply voltage at that instant. This makes
sure that “gaps” in the load current are prevented.
The control signal on pin 12 can be in the range of 0 V to -7 V (reference point pin 2).
If V12 = -7 V, the phase angle is at maximum (a max), i.e., the current flow angle, is at
minimum. The phase angle is minimum (amin) when V12 = V2.
4
U211B
4752A–INDCO–10/03
U211B
Voltage Monitoring
As the voltage is built up, uncontrolled output pulses are avoided by internal voltage surveillance. At the same time, all latches in the circuit (phase control, load limit regulation,
soft start) are reset and the soft-start capacitor is short circuited. Used with a switching
hysteresis of 300 mV, this system guarantees defined start-up behavior each time the
supply voltage is switched on or after short interruptions of the mains supply.
Soft Start
As soon as the supply voltage builds up (t1), the integrated soft start is initiated. Figure 5
shows the behavior of the voltage across the soft-start capacitor, which is identical with
the voltage on the phase-control input on pin 12. This behavior guarantees a gentle
start-up for the motor and automatically ensures the optimum run-up time.
Figure 5. Soft Start
VC3
V12
V0
t
t1
t3
t2
t tot
t1 = Build-up of supply voltage
t2 = Charging of C3 to starting voltage
t1 + t2 = Dead time
t3 = Run-up time
ttot = Total start-up time to required speed
C3 is first charged up to the starting voltage V0 with a current of typically 45 µA (t2). By
reducing the charging current to approximately 4 µA, the slope of the charging function
is also substantially reduced, so that the rotational speed of the motor only slowly
increases. The charging current then increases as the voltage across C3 increases,
resulting in a progressively rising charging function which accelerates the motor more
and more with increasing rotational speed. The charging function determines the acceleration up to the set point. The charging current can have a maximum value of 55 µA.
5
4752A–INDCO–10/03
Frequency-to-voltage
Converter
The internal frequency-to-voltage converter (f/V converter) generates a DC signal on
pin 10 which is proportional to the rotational speed, using an AC signal from a tacho
generator or a light beam whose frequency is in turn dependent on the rotational speed.
The high-impedance input pin 8 compares the tacho voltage to a switch-on threshold of
typically -100 mV. The switch-off threshold is -50 mV. The hysteresis guarantees very
reliable operation even when relatively simple tacho generators are used.
The tacho frequency is given by:
n
f = ------ ´ p (Hz)
60
where:
n
p
= Revolutions per minute
= Number of pulses per revolution
The converter is based on the charge pumping principle. With each negative half-wave
of the input signal, a quantity of charge determined by C5 is internally amplified and then
integrated by C6 at the converter output on pin 10. The conversion constant is determined by C5, its charge transfer voltage of Vch, R6 (pin 10) and the internally adjusted
charge transfer gain.
I 10
G i ------- = 8.3
I9
k = Gi ´ C5 ´ R6 ´ Vch
The analog output voltage is given by
VO = k ´ f
The values of C5 and C6 must be such that for the highest possible input frequency, the
maximum output voltage VO does not exceed 6 V. While C5 is charging up, the Ri on
pin 9 is approximately 6.7 kW. To obtain good linearity of the f/V converter, the time constant resulting from Ri and C5 should be considerably less (1/5) than the time span of the
negative half-cycle for the highest possible input frequency. The amount of remaining
ripple on the output voltage on pin 10 is dependent on C5, C6 and the internal charge
amplification.
G i ´ V ch ´ C 5
D V O = ---------------------------------C6
The ripple DVO can be reduced by using larger values of C6. However, the increasing
speed will then also be reduced.
The value of this capacitor should be chosen to fit the particular control loop where it is
going to be used.
Pulse Blocking
6
The output of pulses can be blocked by using pin 18 (standby operation) and the system
reset via the voltage monitor if V18 ³ -1.25 V. After cycling through the switching point
hysteresis, the output is released when V18 £ -1.5 V, followed by a soft start such as
after turn-on.
U211B
4752A–INDCO–10/03
U211B
Monitoring of the rotation can be carried out by connecting an RC network to pin 18. In
the event of a short or open circuit, the triac triggering pulses are cut off by the time
delay which is determined by R and C. The capacitor C is discharged via an internal
resistance Ri = 2 kW with each charge transfer process of the f/V converter. If there are
no more charge transfer processes, C is charged up via R until the switch-off threshold
is exceeded and the triac triggering pulses are cut off. For operation without trigger
pulse blocking or monitoring of the rotation, pin 18 and pin 16 must be connected
together.
Figure 6. Operation Delay
C = 1 µF
10 V
18
17
16
15
1
2
3
4
R = 1 MW
Control Amplifier
The integrated control amplifier (see Figure 24 on page 20) with differential input compares the set value (pin 11) with the instantaneous value on pin 10, and generates a
regulating voltage on the output pin 12 (together with the external circuitry on pin 12).
This pin always tries to keep the actual voltage at the value of the set voltages. The
amplifier has a transmittance of typically 1000 µA/V and a bipolar current source output
on pin 12 which operates with typically ±110 µA. The amplification and frequency
response are determined by R7, C7, C8 and R11 (can be left out). For open-loop operation, C4, C5, R6, R7, C7, C8 and R11 can be omitted. Pin 10 should be connected with
pin 12 and pin 8 with pin 2. The phase angle of the triggering pulse can be adjusted by
using the voltage on pin 11. An internal limitation circuit prevents the voltage on pin 12
from becoming more negative than V16 + 1 V.
Load Limitation
The load limitation, with standard circuitry, provides full protection against overloading of
the motor. The function of load limiting takes account of the fact that motors operating at
higher speeds can safely withstand larger power dissipations than at lower speeds due
to the increased action of the cooling fan. Similarly, considerations have been made for
short-term overloads for the motor which are, in practice, often required. These behaviors are not damaging and can be tolerated.
In each positive half-cycle, the circuit measures, via R10, the load current on pin 14 as a
potential drop across R8 and produces a current proportional to the voltage on pin 14.
This current is available on pin 15 and is integrated by C9. If, following high-current
amplitudes or a large phase angle for current flow, the voltage on C9 exceeds an internally set threshold of approximately 7.3 V (reference voltage pin 16), a latch is set and
load limiting is turned on. A current source (sink) controlled by the control voltage on
pin 15 now draws current from pin 12 and lowers the control voltage on pin 12 so that
the phase angle a is increased to amax.
7
4752A–INDCO–10/03
The simultaneous reduction of the phase angle during which current flows causes firstly
a reduction of the rotational speed of the motor which can even drop to zero if the angular momentum of the motor is excessively large, and secondly a reduction of the
potential on C9 which in turn reduces the influence of the current sink on pin 12. The
control voltage can then increase again and bring down the phase angle. This cycle of
action sets up a “balanced condition” between the “current integral” on pin 15 and the
control voltage on pin 12.
Apart from the amplitude of the load current and the time during which current flows, the
potential on pin 12 and hence the rotational speed also affects the function of load limiting. A current proportional to the potential on pin 10 gives rise to a voltage drop across
R10, via pin 14, so that the current measured on pin 14 is smaller than the actual current
through R8.
This means that higher rotational speeds and higher current amplitudes lead to the
same current integral. Therefore, at higher speeds, the power dissipation must be
greater than that at lower speeds before the internal threshold voltage on pin 15 is
exceeded. The effect of speed on the maximum power is determined by the resistor R10
and can therefore be adjusted to suit each individual application.
If, after load limiting has been turned on, the momentum of the load sinks below the “omomentum” set using R10, V15 will be reduced. V12 can then increase again so that the
phase angle is reduced. A smaller phase angel corresponds to a larger momentum of
the motor and hence the motor runs up, as long as this is allowed by the load momentum. For an already rotating machine, the effect of rotation on the measured “current
integral” ensures that the power dissipation is able to increase with the rotational speed.
The result is a current-controlled acceleration run-up which ends in a small peak of
acceleration when the set point is reached. The load limiting latch is simultaneously
reset. Then the speed of the motor is under control again and is capable of carrying its
full load. The above mentioned peak of acceleration depends upon the ripple of actual
speed voltage. A large amount of ripple also leads to a large peak of acceleration.
The measuring resistor R8 should have a value which ensures that the amplitude of the
voltage across it does not exceed 600 mV.
Design Hints
Practical trials are normally needed for the exact determination of the values of the relevant components for load limiting. To make this evaluation easier, the following table
shows the effect of the circuitry on the important parameters for load limiting and summarizes the general tendencies.
Table 1. Load Limiting Parameters
Component
Component
Parameters
R10 Increasing
R9 Increasing
C9 Increasing
Pmax
Increases
Decreases
n.e.
Pmin
Increases
Decreases
n.e.
Pmax/min
Increases
n.e.
n.e.
td
n.e.
Increases
Increases
tr
n.e.
Increases
Increases
Pmax
Pmin
td
tr
n.e.
8
Component
- Maximum continuous power dissipation
- Power dissipation with no rotation
- Operation delay time
- Recovery time
- No effect
P1 = f(n) n ¹ 0
P1 = f(n) n = 0
U211B
4752A–INDCO–10/03
U211B
Pulse-output Stage
The pulse-output stage is short-circuit protected and can typically deliver currents of
125 mA. For the design of smaller triggering currents, the function IGT = f(RGT) can be
taken from Figure 19 on page 17.
Automatic Retriggering
The variable automatic retriggering prevents half cycles without current flow, even if the
triac has been turned off earlier, e.g., due to a collector which is not exactly centered
(brush lifter) or in the event of unsuccessful triggering. If necessary, another triggering
pulse is generated after a time lapse which is determined by the repetition rate set by
resistance between pin 5 and pin 3 (R 5-3 ). With the maximum repetition rate (pin 5
directly connected to pin 3), the next attempt to trigger comes after a pause of 4.5 tp and
this is repeated until either the triac fires or the half cycle finishes. If pin 5 is not connected, only one trigger pulse per half cycle is generated. Since the value of R 5-3
determines the charging current of C2, any repetition rate set using R5-3 is only valid for
a fixed value of C2.
General Hints and
Explanation of Terms
To ensure safe and trouble-free operation, the following points should be taken into consideration when circuits are being constructed or in the design of printed circuit boards.
•
The connecting lines from C2 to pin 7 and pin 2 should be as short as possible. The
connection to pin 2 should not carry any additional high current such as the load
current. When selecting C2, a low temperature coefficient is desirable.
•
The common (earth) connections of the set-point generator, the tacho generator
and the final interference suppression capacitor C4 of the f/V converter should not
carry load current.
•
The tacho generator should be mounted without influence by strong stray fields from
the motor.
•
The connections from R10 and C5 should be as short as possible.
To achieve a high noise immunity, a maximum ramp voltage of 6 V should be used. The
typical resistance Rj can be calculated from Ij as follows:
3
T ( ms ) ´ 1.13 ( V ) ´ 10
R j ( k W ) = ----------------------------------------------------------C ( nF ) ´ 6 ( V )
T = Period duration for mains frequency (10 ms at 50 Hz)
Cj = Ramp capacitor, maximum ramp voltage 6 V and constant voltage drop at
Rj = 1.13 V
A 10% lower value of Rj (under worst case conditions) is recommended.
9
4752A–INDCO–10/03
Figure 7. Explanation of Terms in Phase Relationship
V
Mains
Supply
p/2
p
3/2p
2p
VGT
Trigger
Pulse
tp
tpp = 4.5 tp
VL
Load
Voltage
j
IL
Load
Current
F
Design Calculations for
Main Supply
The following equations can be used for the evaluation of the series resistor R1 for worst
case conditions:
V Mmin – V Smax
R 1max = 0.85 -------------------------------------2 Itot
V M – V Smin
R 1min = ---------------------------2 I Smax
2
( V Mmax – V Smin )
P ( R1max ) = --------------------------------------------2 R1
where:
VM
VS
Itot
ISmax
Ip
Ix
= Mains voltage
= Supply voltage on pin 3
= Total DC current requirement of the circuit
= IS + Ip + Ix
= Current requirement of the IC in mA
= Average current requirement of the triggering pulse
= Current requirement of other peripheral components
R1 can be easily evaluated from the Figure 21 on page 18, Figure 22 on page 18 and
Figure 23 on page 19.
10
U211B
4752A–INDCO–10/03
U211B
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Reference point pin 2, unless otherwise specified
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating
only and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of this
specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
Parameters
Pins
Symbol
Value
Unit
Current requirement
3
-IS
30
mA
t £ 10 µs
3
-is
100
mA
Synchronization current
1
IsyncI
5
mA
17
IsyncV
5
mA
t < 10 µs
1
±iI
35
mA
t < 10 µs
17
±iI
35
mA
Input current
8
II
3
mA
t < 10 µs
8
±iI
13
mA
14
II
5
mA
f/V Converter
Load Limiting
Limiting current,
negative half wave
t < 10 µs
14
II
35
mA
14
±Vi
1
V
15
-VI
|V16| to 0
V
12
-VI
0 to 7
V
12
±II
500
µA
6
-II
1
mA
13
-VI
|V16| to 0
V
4
VR
VS to 5
V
18
-VI
|V16| to 0
V
Input voltage
11
VI
0 to VS
V
Pin 9 open
10
-VI
|V16| to 0
V
Input voltage
Phase Control
Input voltage
Input current
Soft Start
Input voltage
Pulse Output
Reverse voltage
Pulse Blocking
Input voltage
Amplifier
Reference Voltage Source
Output current
Storage temperature range
Junction temperature
Ambient temperature range
16
Io
7.5
mA
Tstg
-40 to +125
°C
Tj
125
°C
Tamb
-10 to +100
°C
11
4752A–INDCO–10/03
Thermal Resistance
Parameters
Junction ambient
Symbol
Value
Unit
RthJA
RthJA
RthJA
120
180
100
K/W
K/W
K/W
DIP18
SO16 on p.c.
SO16 on ceramic
Electrical Characteristics
-VS = 13.0 V, Tamb = 25°C, reference point pin 2, unless otherwise specified
Parameters
Test Conditions
Supply voltage for mains operation
Pins
Symbol
Min.
3
-VS
Typ.
Max.
Unit
13.0
VLimit
V
16.6
16.8
V
V
Supply voltage limitation
-IS = 4 mA
-IS = 30 mA
3
-VS
14.6
14.7
DC current requirement
-VS = 13.0 V
3
IS
1.2
2.5
3.0
mA
Reference voltage source
-IL = 10 µA
-IL = 5 mA
16
-VRef
8.6
8.3
8.9
9.2
9.1
V
V
16
-TCVRef
Turn-on threshold
3
-VSON
Turn-off threshold
3
Temperature coefficient
0.5
mV/K
11.2
13.0
V
-VSOFF
9.9
10.9
V
1
17
±IsyncI
±IsyncV
0.35
1, 17
±VI
1.4
1.6
7
I7
1
20
6, 3
VjRef
1.06
1.13
6
TCVjRef
Voltage Monitoring
Phase-control Currents
Synchronization current
Voltage limitation
±IL = 5 mA
2.0
mA
1.8
V
Reference Ramp (see Figure 8 on page 14)
Charge current
I7 = f(R6)
R6 = 50 kW to 1 MW
Rj-reference voltage
a ³ 180°
Temperature coefficient
µA
1.18
0.5
V
mV/K
Pulse Output (see Figure 19 on page 17, Pin 4)
Output pulse current
RGT = 0, VGT = 1.2 V
Io
Reverse current
Output pulse width
Cj = 10 nF
100
155
190
mA
Ior
0.01
3.0
µA
tp
80
µs
Amplifier
Common-mode signal range
Input bias current
Input offset voltage
Output current
Short circuit forward, transmittance
12
I12 = f(V10-11), (see
Figure 14 on page 16)
10, 11
V10, V11
11
IIO
10, 11
V10
12
-IO
+IO
12
Yf
V16
0.01
-1
V
1
µA
10
75
88
110
120
1000
mV
145
165
µA
µA
µA/V
U211B
4752A–INDCO–10/03
U211B
Electrical Characteristics (Continued)
-VS = 13.0 V, Tamb = 25°C, reference point pin 2, unless otherwise specified
Parameters
Test Conditions
Pins
Symbol
Min.
3.7
Typ.
Max.
Unit
1.25
1.0
V
0.3
1
µA
µA
6
10
kW
0.6
2
µA
750
8.05
mV
V
150
mV
Pulse Blocking, Tacho Monitoring
Logic-on
18
-VTON
Logic-off
18
-VTOFF
18
II
14.5
18
RO
1.5
8
IIB
8
-VI
+VI
Turn-on threshold
8
-VTON
Turn-off threshold
8
-VTOFF
9
Idis
9 to 16
Vch
6.50
6.70
6.90
9, 10
Gi
7.5
8.3
9.0
Input current
V18 = VTOFF = 1.25 V
V18 = V16
Output resistance
1.5
V
Frequency-to-voltage Converter
Input bias current
Input voltage limitation
II = -1 mA
II = +1 mA
(see Figure 14 on page
16)
660
7.25
100
20
50
mV
0.5
mA
Charge Amplifier
Discharge current
C5 = 1 nF, (see Figure
24 on page 20)
Charge transfer voltage
Charge transfer gain
I10/I9
Conversion factor
C5 = 1 nF, R6 = 100 kW
(see Figure 24 on page
20)
Output operating range
10 to 16
V
K
5.5
mV/Hz
VO
0-6
V
±1
%
Linearity
Soft Start, f/V Converter Non-active (see Figure 9 on page 14 and Figure 11 on page 15)
Starting current
V13 = V16, V8 = V2
13
IO
20
45
55
µA
Final current
V13 = 0.5
13
IO
50
85
130
µA
2
4
7
µA
IO
30
55
80
µA
IO
0.5
3
10
mA
R5-3 = 0
tpp
3
4.5
6
tp
R5-3 = 15 kW
tpp
f/V Converter Active (see Figure 10 on page 14, Figure 12 on page 15 and Figure 13 on page 15)
Starting current
V13 = V16
Final current
V13 = 0.5
Discharge current
Restart pulse
13
13
IO
Automatic Retriggering (see Figure 20 on page 18, Pin 5)
Repetition rate
20
tp
Load Limiting (see Figure 16 on page 16, Figure 17 on page 17 and Figure 18 on page 17)
Operating voltage range
Offset current
V10 = V16
V14 = V2 via 1 kW
Input current
V10 = 4.5 V
Output current
V14 = 300 mV
Overload ON
14
VI
-1.0
14
15-16
IO
IO
5
0.1
14
II
60
15-16
IO
110
15-16
VTON
7.05
90
7.4
+1.0
V
12
1.0
µA
µA
120
µA
140
µA
7.7
V
13
4752A–INDCO–10/03
Figure 8. Ramp Control
240
Reference Point Pin 2
Phase Angle a (°)
200
10nF
4.7nF
2.2nF
160
120
80
Cj/t/t =1.5nF
0
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
Rj (MW)
Figure 9. Soft-start Charge Current (f/V Converter Non-active)
100
I13 (µA)
80
60
40
20
Reference Point Pin 16
0
0
2
4
6
8
10
V13 (V)
Figure 10. Soft-start Charge Current (f/V Converter Active)
100
80
I13 (µA)
Reference Point Pin 16
60
40
20
0
0
2
4
6
8
10
V13 (V)
14
U211B
4752A–INDCO–10/03
U211B
Figure 11. Soft-start Voltage (f/V Converter Non-active)
10
8
V13 (V)
6
4
2
Reference Point Pin 16
0
t = f(C3)
Figure 12. Soft-start Voltage (f/V Converter Active)
10
8
Reference Point Pin 16
V13 (V)
6
4
2
0
t = f(C3)
Figure 13. Soft-start Function
10
V13 (V)
8
Reference Point Pin 16
6
4
2
0
t = f(C3)
Motor Standstill (Dead Time)
Motor in Action
15
4752A–INDCO–10/03
Figure 14. f/V Converter Voltage Limitation
500
I8 (µA)
250
Reference Point Pin 2
0
-250
-500
-10
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
V8 (V)
Figure 15. Amplifier Output Characteristics
100
I12 (µA)
50
0
-50
Reference Point
for I12 = -4 V
-100
-300
-200
-100
0
100
200
300
V10-11 (V)
Figure 16. Load Limit Control
200
-I12-16 (µA)
150
100
50
0
0
16
2
4
V15-16 (V)
6
8
U211B
4752A–INDCO–10/03
U211B
Figure 17. Load Limit Control f/V Dependency
200
I14-2 (µA)
150
100
50
0
0
2
4
V10-16 (V)
8
6
Figure 18. Load Current Detection
250
I15-16 (µA)
200
150
100
I15 = f(VShunt)
V10 = V16
50
0
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
V14-2 (mV)
Figure 19. Pulse Output
100
IGT (mA)
80
60
40
1.4 V
VGT = 0.8 V
20
0
0
200
400
600
800
1000
RGT (W)
17
4752A–INDCO–10/03
Figure 20. Automatic Retriggering Repetition Rate
20
R5-3 (kW)
15
10
5
0
0
6
12
18
24
30
tpp/tp
Figure 21. Determination of R1
50
R1 (kW)
40
Mains Supply
230 V
30
20
10
0
0
4
8
12
16
Itot (mA)
Figure 22. Power Dissipation of R1
6
5
Mains Supply
230 V
P(R1) (W)
4
3
2
1
0
0
10
20
30
40
R1 (kW)
18
U211B
4752A–INDCO–10/03
U211B
Figure 23. Power Dissipation of R1 According to Current Consumption
6
5
Mains Supply
230 V
P(R1) (W)
4
3
2
1
0
0
3
6
9
12
15
Itot (mA)
19
4752A–INDCO–10/03
20
R13
R14
56 kW
R31
100 kW
47 kW
R9
Actual speed
voltage
4.7 µF/16V
C9
1 MW
R 10
1 kW
2.2 µF/16V
C 10
R19
100 kW
Set speed
voltage
100 nF
C6
15
14
10
11
Control
amplifier
R6
100 k W
2 MW
R11
1
C7
22 kW
10 µF/16V
Controlled
current sink
R4
R7
12
Automatic
retriggering
C3
9
8
Frequencyto-voltage
converter
1 nF
C5
2.2 µF/
16 V
13
Soft start
C8
5
Phasecontrol unit
j = f (V12 )
220 nF
-VRef
470 k W
Voltage/current
detector
Load limitation
speed/time
controlled
-
+
17
R3
220 kW
R5
1 kW
C4
220 nF
Pulse blocking
tacho
monitoring
Voltage
monitoring
Reference
voltage
Supply
voltage
limitation
Output
pulse
Speed sensor
18
16
GND C
11
S
C2
C1
1 MW
180W
R 12
3.3 nF
R2
2 -V
3
7
6
4
18 kW
2W
1N4007
M
2.2 µF
22 µF/
25 V
R8
33 mW
1W
TIC
226
R1
D1
N
VM =
230 V ~
L
Figure 24. Speed Control, Automatic Retriggering, Load Limiting, Soft Start
U211B
4752A–INDCO–10/03
U211B
1 kW
R5
2.2 nF C j/t
-V S
GND
C1
22 µF
25 V
180W
R12
470 kW
R8= 3 x 11 mW
1W
230 V~
N
M
R10
2.2 kW
L
C2
Rj
4
3
2
1
R4
18 k W
1.5 W
R1
1N4004
D1
47 kW
R16
1 MW
5
U211B
R2
6
13
14
15
16
17
18
R3
220 kW
T2
47 kW
Speed sensor
C4
680 pF
9
8
7
12
C3
2.2 µF
10 V
10 kW
R14
R15
T1
220 nF
R7
15 k W
10
11
1 MW
R11
220 nF
C9
R9
470 kW
2.2 µ F
C11
BZX55
C5
R13
47 kW
2.2 µF/10 V
C6
C7
Set speed
voltage
R31
100 nF
C10
R6
100 kW
4.7µ F
10 V
C8
250 k W
2.2 µ F
10 V
Figure 25. Speed Control, Automatic Retriggering, Load Switch-off, Soft Start
The switch-off level at maximum load shows in principle the same speed dependency as
the original version (see Figure 24 on page 20), but when reaching the maximum load,
the motor is switched off completely. This function is effected by the thyristor (formed by
T1 and T2) which ignites when the voltage at pin 15 reaches typically 7.4 V (reference
point pin 16). The circuit is thereby switched to standby mode over the release Pin 18.
21
4752A–INDCO–10/03
Rj
Speed sensor
220 nF
22 µ F
25 V
180W
N
230 V~
M
R8 = 3 x 11 m W
1W
C1
470 k W
R12
2
1
18 kW
1.5 W
R4
R1
1N4004
D1
L
R10
2.2 k W
47 k W
R2
1 MW
4
-V S
GND
3
16
17
18
R3
220 kW
T2
R16
C2
2.2 nF C j/t
7
5
U211B
6
13
15
14
2.2 µ F
10 V
R14
10 kW
T1
BZX55
C4
R5
1 kW
9
8
11
12
C3
C8
4.7µ F
10 V
C9
2.2 µF
C 11
R9
470 k W
33 k W
R15
C5
R7
15 k W
10
680 pF
2.2 µ F/ 10 V
R13
47 kW
Set speed
voltage
C7
1 MW
C6
R 11
100 kW
220 nF
R6
C10
100 nF
R31
250 k W
2.2 µF
10 V
Figure 26. Speed Control, Automatic Retriggering, Load Switch-down, Soft Start
The maximum load regulation shows in principle the same speed dependency as the
original version (see Figure 24 on page 20). When reaching the maximum load, the control unit is turned to a max , adjustable with R2 . Then, only I O flows. This function is
effected by the thyristor, formed by T1 and T2 which ignites as soon as the voltage at
pin 15 reaches approximately 6.8 V (reference point pin 16). The potential at pin 15 is
lifted and kept by R14 over the internal operating threshold whereby the maximum load
regulation starts and adjusts the control unit constantly to amax (IO), inspite of a reduced
load current. The motor shows that the circuit is still in operation by produceing a
buzzing sound.
22
U211B
4752A–INDCO–10/03
4752A–INDCO–10/03
N
230 V~
L
M
R8 = 3 x 11 mW
1W
1 kW
R10
C1
R1
1N4004
D1
R4
22 µF
25 V
470 k W
18 k W
1.5 W
R3
220 k W
1 MW
220 W
R12
1
18
2
GND
17
1m F / 10 V
22 nF
C 11
3
16
-V S
C9
4.7µ F
4
15
5
1 MW
R2
6
C8
7
12
2.2 nF C j/t
C2
Rj
C3
220 nF
13
U211B
14
2.2 µF
10 V
R9
1 MW
R5
1 kW
10
9
C7
100 nF
C 10
220 nF
C4
C5
1 nF
2.2 µF /10 V
C6
R6
Speed sensor
8
11
1.5 M W
R11
68 kW
22 kW
R7
47 k W
R13
Set speed
voltage
250 kW
R31
2.2 µ F
10 V
U211B
Figure 27. Speed Control, Automatic Retriggering, Load Limiting, Soft Start, Tacho Control
23
24
C12
230 V~
150 nF
250 V~
ca. 220 Pulses/Revolution
47 µ F
25 V
1
18
2
GND
17
D2
1N4004
I GT = 50 mA
470 k W
R14
C1
R1
18 kW
1.5 W
1N4004
R5
L2
D1
R4
220 k W
100W
M
L1
all diodes BYW83
-V S
100 W
3
16
C11
14
4
4.7 kW
R3
1 MW
R2
R 15
3.5 k W / 8 W
R6
5
U211B
15
22 nF
2.2 µ F
10 V
6
13
C2
Rj
R7
C3
7
C 10
R10
8
C6
9
220 kW
100 µ F
10 V
1.5 k W
R9
C4
220 nF
10
680 pF
11
3.3 nF
C j/t
12
470 k W
R8
47 k W
470 nF
C5
Z3
R31
16 kW
R11
BZX55
C9V1
R17 R16
470 W
Set speed
max.
R13
Set speed
min.
R18
CNY 70
100 k W
C13
100 W
10 V
470 nF
C7
C8
10 µ F
4.7 µ F
10 V
Figure 28. Speed Control with Reflective Opto Coupler CNY70 as Emitter
U211B
4752A–INDCO–10/03
4752A–INDCO–10/03
230 V~
R10
C12
100 W
M
R 8= 3 x 0.1 W
150 nF
250 V~
1.1 kW
C1
R1
D1
R4
22 µF
25 V
1
18
I GT = 50 mA
220 kW
10 kW
1.1 W
1N4004
R3
110 k W
2
GND
17
22 nF
-V S
C9
100 W
3
16
220 kW
C 11
R9
4
15
13
R12
R2
1 MW
5
6
U211B
14
2.2 µF
10 V
4.7µF
10 V
C2
Rj
R11
C3
R5
8
11
3.3 nF
C j /t
2.2 kW
7
12
820 kW
R6
82 kW
C4
C5
1 nF
R16
10 k W
680 pF
9
10
470 nF
C6
C 13
1 µF
470 nF
C8
C7
10 µF
47 µ F
10 V
R 18
470W
R17
9V
Set speed
max.
R13
33 kW
16 k W
R7
Set speed
min.
R 14
CNY 70
R 31
220 kW
C 10
U211B
Figure 29. Speed Control, Maximum Load Control with Reflective Opto Coupler CNY70 as Emitter
25
The schematic diagram (see Figure 29 on page 25) is designed as a speed control IC
based on the reflection-coupled principle with 4 periods per revolution and a maximum
speed of 30000 rpm. The separation of the coupler from the rotating aperture should be
about approximately 1 mm. In the schematic diagram, the power supply for the coupler
was provided externally because of the relatively high current consumption.
Instructions for adjusting:
1. In the initial adjustment of the phase-control circuit, R2 should be adjusted so that
when R14 = 0 and R31 are in minimum position, the motor just turns.
2. The speed can now be adjusted as desired by means of R31 between the limits
determined by R13 and R14.
3. The switch-off power of the limiting-load control can be set by R9. The lower R9,
the higher the switch-off power.
26
U211B
4752A–INDCO–10/03
U211B
Ordering Information
Extended Type Number
Package
Remarks
U211B-x
DIP18
Tube
U211B-xFP
SO16
Tube
U211B-xFPG3
SO16
Taped and reeled
Package Information
Package DIP18
Dimensions in mm
7.77
7.47
23.3 max
4.8 max
6.4 max
0.5 min 3.3
1.64
1.44
0.58
0.48
0.36 max
9.8
8.2
2.54
20.32
18
10
technical drawings
according to DIN
specifications
1
9
Package SO16
Dimensions in mm
5.2
4.8
10.0
9.85
3.7
1.4
0.25
0.10
0.4
1.27
6.15
5.85
8.89
16
0.2
3.8
9
technical drawings
according to DIN
specifications
1
8
27
4752A–INDCO–10/03
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