HPQ-12/25-D48 Series
www.murata-ps.com
Isolated 300-Watt Quarter Brick DC-DC Converters
Output (V)
Current (A)
12
Nominal Input (V)
25
48
PRODUCT OVERVIEW
Typical unit
FEATURES
12 Volts DC fixed output up to 25 Amps
Industry standard quarter brick 2.3” x 1.45” x
0.49” open frame package
Wide range 36 to 75 Vdc input voltages with
2250 Volt Basic isolation
Double lead-free assembly and attachment for
RoHS standards
Up to 300 Watts total output power
High efficiency (94.5%) synchronous rectifier
topology
Stable no-load operation with no required external
components
Operating temperature range -40 to +85° C.
with no heat sink required
Certified to UL/EN 60950-1, CSA-C22.2 No.
60950-1, 2nd edition safety approvals
Extensive self-protection, current limiting and
shut down features
“X” optional version omits trim and sense pins
F1
The HPQ-12/25-D48 series offers high output
current (up to 25 Amps) in an industry standard
“quarter brick” package requiring no heat sink for
most applications. The HPQ-12/25-D48 series delivers fixed 12 Vdc output at 300 Watts for printed
circuit board mounting. Wide range inputs on the
2.3” x 1.45” x 0.49” converter are 36 to 75 Volts
DC (48 Volts nominal), ideal for datacom and telecom
systems. The fixed output voltage is regulated to
within ±0.25%.
Advanced automated surface mount assembly
and planar magnetics deliver galvanic isolation
rated at 2250 Vdc for basic insulation. To power
digital systems, the outputs offer fast settling to
current steps and tolerance of higher capacitive
loads. Excellent ripple and noise specifications assure compatibility to CPU’s, ASIC’s, programmable
logic and FPGA’s. No minimum load is required. For
systems needing controlled startup/shutdown, an
APPLICATIONS
Embedded systems, datacom and telecom
installations
Disk farms, data centers and cellular repeater sites
Remote sensor systems, dedicated controllers
*TPMBUJPO
Barrier
+Vin (1)
On/Off
Control
(2)
Instrumentation systems, R&D platforms, automated test fixtures
Data concentrators, voice forwarding and
speech processing systems
+Vout (8)
t4XJUDIJOH
External
DC
Power
Source
external remote On/Off control may use either positive or negative logic. Remote Sense inputs compensate for resistive line drops at high currents.
A wealth of self-protection features avoid problems with both the converter and external circuits.
These include input undervoltage lockout and
overtemperature shutdown using an on-board temperature sensor. Overcurrent protection using the
“hiccup” autorestart technique provides indefinite
short-circuit protection. Additional safety features
include output overvoltage protection and reverse
conduction elimination. The synchronous rectifier topology offers high efficiency for minimal heat buildup
and “no heat sink” operation. The HPQ-12/25-D48
series is certified to full safety standards UL/EN/IEC/
CSA 60950-1, 2nd edition and RFI/EMI conducted/
radiated emission compliance to EN55022, CISPR22
with external filter.
4FOTF
t'JMUFST
Controller
and Power
5SBOTGFS
Open = On
$MPTFE 0GG
1PTJUJWF
MPHJD
t$VSSFOU4FOTF
4FOTF
Reference and
Error Amplifier
5SJN
-Vin (3)
-Vout (4)
Figure 1. Connection Diagram
Typical topology is shown. Murata Power Solutions
recommends an external fuse.
For full details go to
www.murata-ps.com/rohs
* “X” option omits trim and sense pins.
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MDC_HPQ-12/25-D48 Series.B08 Page 1 of 16
HPQ-12/25-D48 Series
Isolated 300-Watt Quarter Brick DC-DC Converters
PEFORMANCE SPECIFICATION SUMMARY AND ORDERING GUIDE ➀
Output
Input
R/N (mV
pk-pk)
Regulation (Max.) ➁
Efficiency
IOUT
IIN full
VOUT (Amps, Power
VIN Nom. Range
IIN no
load
Line
Load
(Volts) (Volts) load (mA) (Amps) Min. ➂ Typ.
Root Model ➀ (Volts) max.) (Watts) Typ. Max.
HPQ-12/25-D48
12
25
300
80
120
±0.125% ±0.25%
48
➀ Please refer to the part number structure for additional ordering information and options.
➁ All specifications are at nominal line voltage and full load, +25 deg.C. unless otherwise noted.
See detailed specifications. Output capacitors are 1 μF ceramic in parallel with 10 μF electrolytic
36-75
150
6.61
94%
95%
Package (C59)
Dimensions
(inches)
Dimensions
(mm)
2.3x1.45x0.49 max. 58.4x36.8x12.45
with no input caps.These caps are necessary for our test equipment and may not be needed for
your application.
➂ Ta=25C, Vin=48V, Full load condition.
To Be Discontinued *
NOTE: The following products are To Be Discontinued.
HPQ-12/25-D48PB-C HPQ-12/25-D48PBX-C HPQ-12/25-D48PH-C
HPQ-12/25-D48PBH-C HPQ-12/25-D48P-C
HPQ-12/25-D48PX-C
PART NUMBER STRUCTURE
HPQ - 12 / 25 - D48 N B
Family
Series:
High Power
Quarter Brick
Nominal Output Voltage
Maximum Rated Output
Current in Amps
Input Voltage Range:
D48 = 36-75 Volts (48V nominal)
On/Off Control Logic
N = Negative logic, standard
To Be Discontinued * P = Positive logic, optional
H X Lx - C
RoHS Hazardous Materials compliance
C = RoHS-6 (does not claim EU RoHS exemption 7b–lead in solder), standard
Y = RoHS-5 (with lead), optional, special quantity order
Pin length option
Blank = standard pin length 0.180 in. (4.6 mm)
L1 = 0.110 in. (2.79 mm)*
L2 = 0.145 in. (3.68 mm)*
Trim & Sense Pins Option
Blank = Trim and Sense installed, standard
X = Trim and Sense removed
Z = Sense removed (Trim included)
*Special quantity order is
required; samples available
with standard pin length only.
Conformal coating (optional)
Blank = no coating, standard
H = Coating added, optional
Baseplate (optional)
Blank = No baseplate, standard
B = Baseplate installed, optional
Note:
Some model number combinations
may not be available. See website
or contact your local Murata sales
representative.
Complete Model Number Example: HPQ-12/25-D48NBHXL1-C
Negative On/Off logic, baseplate installed, conformally coated, trim and sense pins removed, 0.110˝ pin length, RoHS-6 compliance
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MDC_HPQ-12/25-D48 Series.B08 Page 2 of 16
* Last Time Buy date is 3/31/2019. Please click here to view the Discontinuance Notification.
HPQ-12/25-D48 Series
Isolated 300-Watt Quarter Brick DC-DC Converters
FUNCTIONAL SPECIFICATIONS
Conditions ➀
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Input Voltage, Continuous
Full power operation
Operating or non-operating,
100 mS max. duration
Input to output tested 100 mS
None, install external fuse
Power on or off, referred to -Vin
Input Voltage, Transient
Isolation Voltage
Input Reverse Polarity
On/Off Remote Control
Output Power
Minimum
Typical/Nominal
36
Maximum
Vdc
100
Vdc
2250
Vdc
Vdc
Vdc
W
None
0
0
Units
80
13.5
300
Current-limited, no damage,
0
25
A
short-circuit protected
Storage Temperature Range
Vin = Zero (no power)
-55
125
°C
Absolute maximums are stress ratings. Exposure of devices to greater than any of these conditions may adversely affect long-term reliability. Proper operation under conditions other than those
listed in the Performance/Functional Specifications Table is not implied or recommended.
Output Current
Conditions ➀ ➂
INPUT
Operating voltage range
Recommended External Fuse
Start-up threshold
Undervoltage shutdown
Overvoltage protection
Reverse Polarity Protection
Internal Filter Type
Input current
Full Load Conditions
Low Line
Inrush Transient
Output in Short Circuit
No Load
Standby Mode (Off, UV, OT)
Reflected (back) ripple current ➁
36
Fast blow
Rising input voltage
Falling input voltage
Rising input voltage
None, install external fuse
33
31
Vin = nominal
Vin = minimum
Vin = 48V.
48
20
34
32
None
None
Pi-type
6.61
8.82
0.3
50
150
5
50
Iout = minimum, unit=ON
Measured at input with specified filter
75
35
34
6.82
9.1
100
250
10
70
Vdc
A
Vdc
Vdc
Vdc
Vdc
A
A
A2-Sec.
mA
mA
mA
mA, RMS
GENERAL and SAFETY
Efficiency
Isolation
Isolation Voltage, input to output
Isolation Voltage, input to output
Isolation Voltage, input to baseplate
Isolation Voltage, output to baseplate
Insulation Safety Rating
Isolation Resistance
Isolation Capacitance
Safety
Calculated MTBF
Calculated MTBF
Vin=48V, full load
94
No baseplate
With baseplate
With baseplate
With baseplate
2250
2250
1500
1500
95
%
Vdc
Vdc
Vdc
Vdc
basic
10
MΩ
pF
1000
Certified to UL-60950-1, CSA-C22.2 No.60950-1,
IEC/EN60950-1, 2nd edition
Per MIL-HDBK-217F, ground benign,
Tambient=+TBD°C
Per Telcordia SR-332, issue 1, class 3, ground
fixed, Tcase=+25°C
Yes
TBD
Hours x 103
1500
Hours x 103
DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS
Fixed Switching Frequency
Startup Time ➈
Startup Time
Dynamic Load Response
Dynamic Load di/dt
Dynamic Load Peak Deviation
260
Power On, to Vout regulation band,
100% resistive load
Remote ON to Vout Regulated
50-75-50% load step to 1% error band
550
same as above
±500
KHz
25
mS
25
825
0.1
±750
mS
μSec
A / μSec
mV
0.8
13.5
2
Vdc
Vdc
mA
FEATURES and OPTIONS
Remote On/Off Control ➃
“N” suffix:
Negative Logic, ON state
Negative Logic, OFF state
Control Current
ON = pin grounded or external voltage
OFF = pin open or external voltage
open collector/drain
-0.1
3.5
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MDC_HPQ-12/25-D48 Series.B08 Page 3 of 16
HPQ-12/25-D48 Series
Isolated 300-Watt Quarter Brick DC-DC Converters
FUNCTIONAL SPECIFICATIONS (CONT.)
Conditions ➀
FEATURES and OPTIONS (cont.)
Remote On/Off Control (cont.) ➃
“P” suffix:
Positive Logic, ON state
Positive Logic, OFF state
Control Current
Remote Sense Compliance ➆
Base Plate
ON = pin open or external voltage
OFF = ground pin or external voltage
open collector/drain
Vsense=Vout - Vload, Sense pins connected
externally to respective Vout’s
"B" suffix
Minimum
Typical/Nominal
3.5
0
Maximum
Units
13.5
0.8
2
V
V
mA
0.5
V
optional
OUTPUT
Total Output Power
Voltage
Setting Accuracy
Output Voltage Range ➆
Overvoltage Protection
Current
Output Current Range
Minimum Load
Current Limit Inception
Short Circuit
Short Circuit Current
Short Circuit Duration
(remove short for recovery)
Short circuit protection method
Regulation ➄
Line Regulation
Load Regulation
Ripple and Noise ➅
Temperature Coefficient
Maximum Capacitive Loading
At 50% load, no trim
User-adjustable
Via magnetic feedback
0.0
300
306
W
11.76
-10
12
12.24
+10
18
Vdc
% of Vnom.
V
14.4
0.0
25.0
A
No minimum load
32
42
A
Hiccup technique, autorecovery within 1.25%
of Vout
0.8
1.0
A
Output shorted to ground, no damage
Continuous
Hiccup current limiting
Non-latching
±0.125
±0.25
% of Vout
% of Vout
98% of Vnom., after warmup
Vin=min. to max., Vout=nom., full load
Iout=min. to max., Vin=nom.
Vin=48V, full load, 5 Hz- 20 MHz BW, Cout=1μF
MLCC paralleled with 10μF
At all outputs
Full resistive load, low ESR
28.5
80
100
mV pk-pk
4,700
% of Vout./°C
μF
0.02
0
MECHANICAL (Through Hole Models)
Outline Dimensions (no baseplate)
(Please refer to outline drawing)
Outline Dimensions (with baseplate)
Weight
C59 case
LxWxH
2.3x1.45x0.49 max.
58.4x36.8x12.45
2.3x1.45x0.5
58.4x36.8x12.7
1.51
47
2.4
68
0.04 & 0.062
1.016 & 1.575
Copper alloy
100-299
3.9-19.6
Aluminum
No baseplate
No baseplate
With baseplate
With baseplate
Through Hole Pin Diameter
Through Hole Pin Material
TH Pin Plating Metal and Thickness
Nickel subplate
Gold overplate
Baseplate Material
Inches
mm
Inches
mm
Ounces
Grams
Ounces
Grams
Inches
mm
μ-inches
μ-inches
ENVIRONMENTAL
Operating Ambient Temperature Range
Operating Case Temperature
Storage Temperature
Thermal Protection/Shutdown
Electromagnetic Interference
Conducted, EN55022/CISPR22
Radiated, EN55022/CISPR22
Relative humidity, non-condensing
Altitude
Acceleration
Shock
Sinusoidal Vibration
RoHS rating
See derating curves
No derating required
Vin = Zero (no power)
Measured at hotspot
External filter is required
-40
-40
-55
105
110
85
110
125
125
°C
°C
°C
°C
90
10,000
3048
Class
Class
%RH
feet
meters
g
g
B
B
To +85°C
must derate -1%/1000 feet
Halfsine wave, 3 axes
GR-63-Core, Section 5.4.2
10
-500
-152
50
1
RoHS-6
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MDC_HPQ-12/25-D48 Series.B08 Page 4 of 16
HPQ-12/25-D48 Series
Isolated 300-Watt Quarter Brick DC-DC Converters
Notes
➀ Unless otherwise noted, all specifications apply over the input voltage range, full temperature
range, nominal output voltage and full output load. General conditions are near sea level altitude,
no base plate installed and natural convection airflow unless otherwise specified. All models are
tested and specified with external parallel 1 μF and 10 μF multi-layer ceramic output capacitors.
No external input capacitor is used (see Application Notes). All capacitors are low-ESR types wired
close to the converter. These capacitors are necessary for our test equipment and may not be
needed in the user’s application.
➁ Input (back) ripple current is tested and specified over 5 Hz to 20 MHz bandwidth. Input filtering is
Cin = 33 μF, Cbus = 220μF and Lbus = 4.7 μH.
➂ All models are stable and regulate to specification under no load.
➃ The Remote On/Off Control is referred to -Vin.
➄ Regulation specifications describe the output voltage changes as the line voltage or load current
is varied from its nominal or midpoint value to either extreme. The load step is ±25% of full load
current.
➅ Output Ripple and Noise is measured with Cout = 1μF MLCC paralleled with 10μF tantalum, 20
MHz oscilloscope bandwidth and full resistive load.
➆ The Sense and Trim pins are removed for the “X” model option.
➇ NOTICE—Please use only this customer data sheet as product documentation when laying out your
printed circuit boards and applying this product into your application. Do NOT use other materials as
official documentation such as advertisements, product announcements, or website graphics.
We strive to have all technical data in this customer data sheet highly accurate and complete. This customer data sheet is revision-controlled and dated. The latest customer data sheet revision is normally
on our website (www.murata-ps.com) for products which are fully released to Manufacturing. Please be
especially careful using any data sheets labeled “Preliminary” since data may change without notice.
The pinout (Pxx) and case (Cxx) designations (typically P65 or C59) refer to a generic family of
closely related information. It may not be a single pinout or unique case outline. Please be aware
of small details (such as Sense pins, Power Good pins, etc.) or slightly different dimensions
(baseplates, heat sinks, etc.) which may affect your application and PC board layouts. Study the
Mechanical Outline drawings, Input/Output Connection table and all footnotes very carefully.
Please contact Murata Power Solutions if you have any questions.
➈ HPQ restart delay (see technical notes, page 12).
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE DATA
Efficiency vs. Output Current @ +25°C
Efficiency vs. Output Current @ -40°C
100
100
95
95
Efficiency (%)
Efficiency (%)
90
90
VIN = 75 V
VIN = 48 V
VIN = 36 V
85
VIN = 75V
VIN = 48V
VIN = 36V
85
80
80
75
70
75
3
5
7
9
11
13
15
17
19
21
23
0
25
10
20
30
Iout (Amps)
Iout (Amps)
Efficiency vs. Output Current @ +60°C
Output Voltage vs Load Current at -40°C.
100
12
VIN = 36V, 48V, 75V
95
10
Output (Volts)
Efficiency (%)
90
VIN = 75V
VIN = 48V
VIN = 36V
85
80
75
9
6
4
2
70
0
0
10
20
Iout (Amps)
30
0
10
20
Load (Amps)
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MDC_HPQ-12/25-D48 Series.B08 Page 5 of 16
HPQ-12/25-D48 Series
Isolated 300-Watt Quarter Brick DC-DC Converters
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE DATA
Output Voltage vs Load Current at +25°C.
Output Voltage vs Load Current at +60°C.
12
12
VIN = 36V, 48V, 75V
10
10
9
9
Output (Volts)
Output (Volts)
VIN = 36V, 48V, 75V
6
4
2
6
4
2
0
0
0
10
20
0
10
Load (Amps)
Maximum Current Temperature Derating vs. Airflow (Vin=Vnom., airflow direction is
from -Vin to +Vin, with baseplate, at sea level)
30
30
25
25
Output Current (Amps)
Output Current (Amps)
Maximum Current Temperature Derating vs. Airflow (Vin=Vnom., airflow direction is
from Vin to Vout, no baseplate, at sea level)
20
0.5 m/s (100 LFM)
1.0 m/s (200 LFM)
1.5 m/s (300 LFM)
2.0 m/s (400 LFM)
15
20
Load (Amps)
10
5
20
0.5 m/s (100 LFM)
1.0 m/s (200 LFM)
1.5 m/s (300 LFM)
2.0 m/s (400 LFM)
15
10
5
0
0
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
Ambient Temperature (°C)
70
75
80
85
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
Ambient Temperature (°C)
70
75
80
85
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MDC_HPQ-12/25-D48 Series.B08 Page 6 of 16
HPQ-12/25-D48 Series
Isolated 300-Watt Quarter Brick DC-DC Converters
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE DATA
Power On Startup Delay Output
(Vin = 0 to 48V, Iout = 25A, Cload = 0, Ta = +25°C)
Power On Startup Delay Output
(Vin = 0 to 48V, Iout = 0A, Cload = 0, Ta = +25°C)
Max = 81A, Period = 1.180s, Pulse width = 6.4ms
Output Short Circuit Hiccup
(Vin = Nom., Iout = Imax, Cload = 0, Ta = +25°C)
Step Load Transient Response (Vin = 48V, Cload = 1μF ceramic and 10μF tantalum,
Iout = 50-75-50% lmax, Slew = 0.1A/μSec., Ta = +25°C)
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MDC_HPQ-12/25-D48 Series.B08 Page 7 of 16
HPQ-12/25-D48 Series
Isolated 300-Watt Quarter Brick DC-DC Converters
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE DATA
Output Ripple and Noise (Vin=36V, Iout=0A, Cload=0, Ta=+25˚C., ScopeBW=20MHz)
Output Ripple and Noise (Vin=36V, Iout=25A, Cload=0, Ta=+25˚C., ScopeBW=20MHz)
Output Ripple and Noise (Vin=48V, Iout=0A, Cload=0, Ta=+25˚C., ScopeBW=20MHz)
Output Ripple and Noise (Vin=48V, Iout=25A, Cload=0, Ta=+25˚C., ScopeBW=20MHz)
Output Ripple and Noise (Vin=75V, Iout=0A, Cload=0, Ta=+25˚C., ScopeBW=20MHz)
Output Ripple and Noise (Vin=75V, Iout=25A, Cload=0, Ta=+25˚C., ScopeBW=20MHz)
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MDC_HPQ-12/25-D48 Series.B08 Page 8 of 16
HPQ-12/25-D48 Series
Isolated 300-Watt Quarter Brick DC-DC Converters
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE DATA
HPQ Restart Delay (See Specification Note 9)
When the HPQ undergoes shutdown through loss or cycling of the input power,
a 555 timer enable block circuit is triggered to provide a restart delay to assure
systematic restart of the converter. The delay time is a function both of the
recovery time of the input voltage and the 555 reset time.
Thus, there are two distinct scenarios for the restart delay, which are detailed
below.
Scenario I: Vin recovers quickly.
When the input voltage recovers quickly, the VCC for the 555 timer remains
active to lockout the output for the programmed delay time. The delay time in
this scenario is then equal to the 555 hiccup recovery time. This is internally
set to a nominal value of 3s. This is illustrated in the scope shot below:
Vin (20V per division), Vout (5V per division) at 500ms (1/2 S per division).
Scenario II: Vin recovers after more than 2.5s (restart delay time less than
15ms)
When the input voltage is absent greater than 2.5s, the energy for the Vcc to
the 555 timer enable block will be exhausted. Since this is a sufficient period
to guarantee systematic restart of the converter, the output will start after just
a 15ms delay from the application of input power. This scenario is illustrated in
the scope shot below.
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MDC_HPQ-12/25-D48 Series.B08 Page 9 of 16
HPQ-12/25-D48 Series
Isolated 300-Watt Quarter Brick DC-DC Converters
MECHANICAL SPECIFICATIONS (THROUGH-HOLE MOUNT)—DOSA COMPLIANT
NO BASEPLATE
WITH BASEPLATE
TOP VIEW
TOP VIEW
26.16 ±0.20
1.030 ±0.008
36.8
1.45
34.54
1.360
LABEL
47.24 ±0.20
1.860 ±0.008
M3 THREADED INSERT
4 PLACES SEE NOTE 1&2
58.4
2.30
56.13
2.210
L
1
2
1
15.24
0.600
4
5
6
7
8
LABEL
15.24
0.600
15.24
0.600
2
3
36.8
1.45
4
5
6
7
8
3
50.80
2.000
4.6
0.180
7.62
0.300
50.80
2.000
PINS 1-3,5-7:
φ0.040±0.001(1.016±0.025)
PINS 4,8:
φ0.062±0.001(1.575±0.025)
0.005 minimum clearance
between standoffs and
highest component
7.62
0.300
15.24
0.600
0.005 minimum clearance
between standoffs and
highest component
PINS 1-3,5-7:
φ0.040±0.001(1.016±0.025)
PINS 4,8:
φ0.062±0.001(1.575±0.025)
SIDE VIEW
12.7
0.50
4.20
0.165
12.4
0.49 Max
Case C59
58.4
2.30
BOTTOM PIN SIDE VIEW
➀ M3 bolts must not exceed 0.118˝ (3mm) depth below the baseplate surface.
➁ Applied screw torque must not exceed 5.3 in-lb. (0.6 N-m).
The standard 0.180˝ pin length is shown. Please refer to the part number structure
for alternate pin lengths.
Dimensions are in inches (mm shown for ref. only).
Third Angle Projection
BOTTOM PIN SIDE VIEW
DOSA-Compatible I/O Connections (pin side view)
Pin
1
2
3
4
Function P32
Pos. Vin
Remote On/Off Control
Neg. Vin
Neg. Output
Pin
5
6
7
8
Function P32
Neg. Sense*
Trim*
Pos. Sense*
Pos. Output
* The Sense and Trim pins are removed for the “X” model option.
Tolerances (unless otherwise specified):
.XX ± 0.02 (0.5)
.XXX ± 0.010 (0.25)
Angles ± 2˚
Components are shown for reference only.
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MDC_HPQ-12/25-D48 Series.B08 Page 10 of 16
HPQ-12/25-D48 Series
Isolated 300-Watt Quarter Brick DC-DC Converters
STANDARD PACKAGING
9.92
(251.97)
REF
9.92
(251.97)
REF
Each static dissipative polyethylene
foam tray accommodates
15 converters in a 3 x 5 array.
0.88 (22.35)
REF
2.75 (69.85) ±.25
closed height
11.00 (279.4) ±.25
10.50 (266.7) ±.25
Carton accommodates two (2) trays yielding 30 converters per carton
Dimensions are in inches (mm) shown for ref. only.
Third Angle Projection
Tolerances (unless otherwise specified):
.XX ± 0.02 (0.5)
.XXX ± 0.010 (0.25)
Angles ± 2˚
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MDC_HPQ-12/25-D48 Series.B08 Page 11 of 16
HPQ-12/25-D48 Series
Isolated 300-Watt Quarter Brick DC-DC Converters
TECHNICAL NOTES
Input Fusing
Certain applications and/or safety agencies may require fuses at the inputs of
power conversion components. Fuses should also be used when there is the
possibility of sustained input voltage reversal which is not current-limited. For
greatest safety, we recommend a fast blow fuse installed in the ungrounded
input supply line.
The installer must observe all relevant safety standards and regulations. For
safety agency approvals, install the converter in compliance with the end-user
safety standard.
Input Reverse-Polarity Protection
If the input voltage polarity is reversed, body diodes of mosfets will become
forward biased and likely draw excessive current from the power source. If this
source is not current-limited or the circuit appropriately fused, it could cause
permanent damage to the converter.
Input Under-Voltage Shutdown and Start-Up Threshold
Under normal start-up conditions, converters will not begin to regulate properly
until the rising input voltage exceeds and remains at the Start-Up Threshold
Voltage (see Specifications). Once operating, converters will not turn off until
the input voltage drops below the Under-Voltage Shutdown Limit. Subsequent
restart will not occur until the input voltage rises again above the Start-Up
Threshold. This built-in hysteresis prevents any unstable on/off operation at a
single input voltage.
Users should be aware however of input sources near the Under-Voltage Shutdown whose voltage decays as input current is consumed (such as capacitor
inputs), the converter shuts off and then restarts as the external capacitor recharges. Such situations could oscillate. To prevent this, make sure the operating
input voltage is well above the UV Shutdown voltage AT ALL TIMES.
Start-Up Delay
Assuming that the output current is set at the rated maximum, the Vin to Vout StartUp Delay (see Specifications) is the time interval between the point when the rising
input voltage crosses the Start-Up Threshold and the fully loaded regulated output
voltage enters and remains within its specified regulation band. Actual measured
times will vary with input source impedance, external input capacitance, input voltage slew rate and final value of the input voltage as it appears at the converter.
These converters include a soft start circuit to moderate the duty cycle of the
PWM controller at power up, thereby limiting the input inrush current.
The On/Off Remote Control interval from inception to VOUT regulated assumes that
the converter already has its input voltage stabilized above the Start-Up Threshold
before the On command. The interval is measured from the On command until the
output enters 90% of its specified regulation band. The specification assumes that
the output is fully loaded at maximum rated current.
Input Source Impedance
These converters will operate to specifications without external components,
assuming that the source voltage has very low impedance and reasonable input voltage regulation. Since real-world voltage sources have finite impedance,
performance is improved by adding external filter components. Sometimes only
a small ceramic capacitor is sufficient. Since it is difficult to totally characterize
all applications, some experimentation may be needed. Note that external input
capacitors must accept high speed switching currents.
Because of the switching nature of DC/DC converters, the input of these
converters must be driven from a source with both low AC impedance and
adequate DC input regulation. Performance will degrade with increasing input
inductance. Excessive input inductance may inhibit operation. The DC input
regulation specifies that the input voltage, once operating, must never degrade
below the Shut-Down Threshold under all load conditions. Be sure to use
adequate trace sizes and mount components close to the converter.
I/O Filtering, Input Ripple Current and Output Noise
All models in this converter series are tested and specified for input reflected
ripple current and output noise using designated external input/output components, circuits and layout as shown in the figures below. External input capacitors (CIN in the figure) serve primarily as energy storage elements, minimizing
line voltage variations caused by transient IR drops in the input conductors.
Users should select input capacitors for bulk capacitance (at appropriate
frequencies), low ESR and high RMS ripple current ratings. In the figure below,
the CBUS and LBUS components simulate a typical DC voltage bus. Your specific
system configuration may require additional considerations. Please note that the
values of CIN, LBUS and CBUS may vary according to the specific converter model.
TO
OSCILLOSCOPE
CURRENT
PROBE
+VIN
VIN
+
–
+
–
LBUS
CBUS
CIN
−VIN
CIN = 33μF, ESR < 200mΩ @ 100kHz
CBUS = 220μF, 100V
LBUS = 4.7μH
Figure 2. Measuring Input Ripple Current
In critical applications, output ripple and noise (also referred to as periodic and
random deviations or PARD) may be reduced by adding filter elements such as
multiple external capacitors. Be sure to calculate component temperature rise
from reflected AC current dissipated inside capacitor ESR.
Floating Outputs
Since these are isolated DC/DC converters, their outputs are “floating” with
respect to their input. The essential feature of such isolation is ideal ZERO
CURRENT FLOW between input and output. Real-world converters however do
exhibit tiny leakage currents between input and output (see Specifications).
These leakages consist of both an AC stray capacitance coupling component
and a DC leakage resistance. When using the isolation feature, do not allow
the isolation voltage to exceed specifications. Otherwise the converter may
be damaged. Designers will normally use the negative output (-Output) as
the ground return of the load circuit. You can however use the positive output
(+Output) as the ground return to effectively reverse the output polarity.
Minimum Output Loading Requirements
These converters employ a synchronous rectifier design topology. All models
regulate within specification and are stable under no load to full load conditions.
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MDC_HPQ-12/25-D48 Series.B08 Page 12 of 16
HPQ-12/25-D48 Series
Isolated 300-Watt Quarter Brick DC-DC Converters
mary side PWM controller. If the output exceeds OVP limits, the sensing circuit
will power down the unit, and the output voltage will decrease. After a time-out
period, the PWM will automatically attempt to restart, causing the output voltage to ramp up to its rated value. It is not necessary to power down and reset
the converter for this automatic OVP-recovery restart.
+OUTPUT
C1
C2
SCOPE
RLOAD
−OUTPUT
C1 = 1μF
C2 = 10μF
LOAD 2-3 INCHES (51-76mm) FROM MODULE
Figure 3. Measuring Output Ripple and Noise (PARD)
Thermal Shutdown
To protect against thermal over-stress, these converters include thermal shutdown circuitry. If environmental conditions cause the temperature of the DC/
DC’s to rise above the Operating Temperature Range up to the shutdown temperature, an on-board electronic temperature sensor will power down the unit.
When the temperature decreases below the turn-on threshold, the converter
will automatically restart. There is a small amount of hysteresis to prevent
rapid on/off cycling. CAUTION: If you operate too close to the thermal limits, the
converter may shut down suddenly without warning. Be sure to thoroughly test
your application to avoid unplanned thermal shutdown.
Temperature Derating Curves
The graphs in this data sheet illustrate typical operation under a variety of conditions. The Derating curves show the maximum continuous ambient air temperature
and decreasing maximum output current which is acceptable under increasing
forced airflow measured in Linear Feet per Minute (“LFM”). Note that these are
AVERAGE measurements. The converter will accept brief increases in temperature
and/or current or reduced airflow as long as the average is not exceeded.
Note that the temperatures are of the ambient airflow, not the converter itself
which is obviously running at higher temperature than the outside air. Also note
that “natural convection” is defined as very low flow rates which are not using
fan-forced airflow. Depending on the application, “natural convection” is usually about 30-65 LFM but is not equal to still air (0 LFM).
Murata Power Solutions makes Characterization measurements in a closed
cycle wind tunnel with calibrated airflow. We use both thermocouples and an
infrared camera system to observe thermal performance. As a practical matter,
it is quite difficult to insert an anemometer to precisely measure airflow in
most applications. Sometimes it is possible to estimate the effective airflow if
you thoroughly understand the enclosure geometry, entry/exit orifice areas and
the fan flowrate specifications.
CAUTION: If you exceed these Derating guidelines, the converter may have an
unplanned Over Temperature shut down. Also, these graphs are all collected
near Sea Level altitude. Be sure to reduce the derating for higher altitude.
Output Overvoltage Protection (OVP)
This converter monitors its output voltage for an over-voltage condition using
an on-board electronic comparator. The signal is optically coupled to the pri-
If the fault condition persists and the output voltage climbs to excessive levels,
the OVP circuitry will initiate another shutdown cycle. This on/off cycling is
referred to as “hiccup” mode.
Output Fusing
The converter is extensively protected against current, voltage and temperature
extremes. However, your application circuit may need additional protection. In the
extremely unlikely event of output circuit failure, excessive voltage could be applied
to your circuit. Consider using an appropriate external protection.
Output Current Limiting
As soon as the output current increases to approximately its overcurrent limit,
the DC/DC converter will enter a current-limiting mode. The output voltage will
decrease proportionally with increases in output current.
Current limiting inception is defined as the point at which full power falls below
the rated tolerance. See the Performance/Functional Specifications. Note
particularly that the output current may briefly rise above its rated value. This
enhances reliability and continued operation of your application. If the output
current is too high, the converter will enter the short circuit condition.
Output Short Circuit Condition
When a converter is in current-limit mode, the output voltage will drop as
the output current demand increases. If the output voltage drops too low, the
magnetically coupled voltage used to develop PWM bias voltage will also drop,
thereby shutting down the PWM controller. Following a time-out period, the
PWM will restart, causing the output voltage to begin rising to its appropriate
value. If the short-circuit condition persists, another shutdown cycle will initiate. This on/off cycling is called “hiccup mode.” The hiccup cycling reduces the
average output current, thereby preventing excessive internal temperatures.
Trimming the Output Voltage (See Specification Note 7)
The Trim input to the converter allows the user to adjust the output voltage over
the rated trim range (please refer to the Specifications). In the trim equations
and circuit diagrams that follow, trim adjustments use a single fixed resistor
connected between the Trim input and either Vout pin. Trimming resistors should
have a low temperature coefficient (±100 ppm/deg.C or less) and be mounted
close to the converter. Keep leads short. If the trim function is not used, leave
the trim unconnected. With no trim, the converter will exhibit its specified output
voltage accuracy.
There are two CAUTIONs to observe for the Trim input:
CAUTION: To avoid unplanned power down cycles, do not exceed EITHER the
maximum output voltage OR the maximum output power when setting the
trim. If the output voltage is excessive, the OVP circuit may inadvertantly shut
down the converter. If the maximum power is exceeded, the converter may
enter current limiting. If the power is exceeded for an extended period, the
converter may overheat and encounter overtemperature shut down.
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MDC_HPQ-12/25-D48 Series.B08 Page 13 of 16
HPQ-12/25-D48 Series
Isolated 300-Watt Quarter Brick DC-DC Converters
CAUTION: Be careful of external electrical noise. The Trim input is a senstive
input to the converter’s feedback control loop. Excessive electrical noise may
cause instability or oscillation. Keep external connections short to the Trim
input. Use shielding if needed.
Trim Equations
[
Radj_up (in kΩ) = 5.11 x 12V x (1+Δ) - 1 - 2
1.225 x Δ Δ
where Δ =
Vout -12V
12V
Radj_down (in kΩ) = 5.11 x
where Δ =
]
Remote On/Off Control
On the input side, a remote On/Off Control can be specified with either positive
or negative logic as follows:
Positive: Models equipped with Positive Logic are enabled when the On/Off pin
is left open or is pulled high to +13.5VDC with respect to –VIN. An internal bias
current causes the open pin to rise to +VIN. Positive-logic devices are disabled
when the On/Off is grounded or brought to within a low voltage (see Specifications) with respect to –VIN.
On positive-logic models, to reduce noise coupling on the external on/off
control, use the circuit shown in figure 6.
[ Δ1 - 2 ]
+INPUT
12V -Vout
12V
316 KΩ
Where Vout = Desired output voltage. Adjustment accuracy is subject to resistor tolerances and factory-adjusted output accuracy. Mount trim resistor close
to converter. Use short leads. Note that “Δ” is given as a small fraction, not a
percentage.
ON/OFF
47 KΩ
2.5V CIRCUIT
0.1 μF
-INPUT
Figure 6. On/Off Control Filter
+VOUT
+VIN
Negative: Models with negative logic are on (enabled) when the On/Off is
grounded or brought to within a low voltage (see Specifications) with respect to
–VIN. The device is off (disabled) when the On/Off is left open or is pulled high
to +13.5VDC Max. with respect to –VIN.
+SENSE
ON/OFF
CONTROL
TRIM
LOAD
R TRIM UP
-SENSE
–VIN
–VOUT
Dynamic control of the On/Off function should be able to sink the specified
signal current when brought low and withstand specified voltage when brought
high. Be aware too that there is a finite time in milliseconds (see Specifications)
between the time of On/Off Control activation and stable, regulated output. This
time will vary slightly with output load type and current and input conditions.
There are two CAUTIONs for the On/Off Control:
Figure 4. Trim adjustments to Increase Output Voltage using a Fixed Resistor
+VOUT
+VIN
CAUTION: Do not apply voltages to the On/Off pin when there is no input power
voltage. Otherwise the converter may be permanently damaged.
+SENSE
ON/OFF
CONTROL
CAUTION: While it is possible to control the On/Off with external logic if you
carefully observe the voltage levels, the preferred circuit is either an open
drain/open collector transistor or a relay (which can thereupon be controlled
by logic). The On/Off prefers to be set at approx. +13.5V (open pin) for the ON
state, assuming positive logic.
TRIM
LOAD
R TRIM DOWN
+VCC
-SENSE
–VIN
–VOUT
Figure 5. Trim adjustments to Decrease Output Voltage using a Fixed Resistor
ON/OFF
CONTROL
-VIN
Figure 7. Driving the On/Off Control Pin (suggested circuit)
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MDC_HPQ-12/25-D48 Series.B08 Page 14 of 16
HPQ-12/25-D48 Series
Isolated 300-Watt Quarter Brick DC-DC Converters
Remote Sense Input (See Specification Note 7)
Sense inputs compensate for output voltage inaccuracy delivered at the load.
This is done by correcting voltage drops along the output wiring such as moderate IR drops and the current carrying capacity of PC board etch. Sense inputs
also improve the stability of the converter and load system by optimizing the
control loop phase margin.
Note: The Sense input and power Vout lines are internally connected through
low value resistors to their respective polarities so that the converter can
operate without external connection to the Sense. Nevertheless, if the Sense
function is not used for remote regulation, the user should connect +Sense to
+Vout and –Sense to –Vout at the converter pins.
The remote Sense lines carry very little current. They are also capacitively
coupled to the output lines and therefore are in the feedback control loop to
regulate and stabilize the output. As such, they are not low impedance inputs
and must be treated with care in PC board layouts. Sense lines on the PCB
should run adjacent to DC signals, preferably Ground. In cables and discrete
wiring, use twisted pair, shielded tubing or similar techniques
Contact and PCB resistance
losses due to IR drops
+VIN
+VOUT
I OUT
+SENSE
Sense Current
ON/OFF
CONTROL
TRIM
LOAD
Sense Return
-SENSE
I OUT Return
–VIN
–VOUT
Contact and PCB resistance
losses due to IR drops
Figure 8. Remote Sense Circuit Configuration
Please observe Sense inputs tolerance to avoid improper operation:
[Vout(+) –Vout(-)] – [ Sense(+) – Sense(-)] ≤ 10% of Vout
Output overvoltage protection is monitored at the output voltage pin, not the
Sense pin. Therefore excessive voltage differences between Vout and Sense
together with trim adjustment of the output can cause the overvoltage protection circuit to activate and shut down the output.
Power derating of the converter is based on the combination of maximum
output current and the highest output voltage. Therefore the designer must
ensure:
(Vout at pins) x (Iout) ≤ (Max. rated output power)
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MDC_HPQ-12/25-D48 Series.B08 Page 15 of 16
HPQ-12/25-D48 Series
Isolated 300-Watt Quarter Brick DC-DC Converters
Vertical Wind Tunnel
Murata Power Solutions employs a computer controlled
custom-designed closed loop vertical wind tunnel, infrared
video camera system, and test instrumentation for accurate
airflow and heat dissipation analysis of power products.
The system includes a precision low flow-rate anemometer,
variable speed fan, power supply input and load controls,
temperature gauges, and adjustable heating element.
The IR camera monitors the thermal performance of the
Unit Under Test (UUT) under static steady-state conditions. A
special optical port is used which is transparent to infrared
wavelengths.
Both through-hole and surface mount converters are soldered down to a 10˝ X10˝ host carrier board for realistic heat
absorption and spreading. Both longitudinal and transverse
airflow studies are possible by rotation of this carrier board
since there are often significant differences in the heat
dissipation in the two airflow directions. The combination of
adjustable airflow, adjustable ambient heat, and adjustable
Input/Output currents and voltages mean that a very wide
range of measurement conditions can be studied.
The collimator reduces the amount of turbulence adjacent to
the UUT by minimizing airflow turbulence. Such turbulence
influences the effective heat transfer characteristics and
gives false readings. Excess turbulence removes more heat
from some surfaces and less heat from others, possibly
causing uneven overheating.
Both sides of the UUT are studied since there are different thermal gradients on each side. The adjustable heating element and
fan, built-in temperature gauges, and no-contact IR camera mean that
power supplies are tested in real-world conditions.
Figure 9. Vertical Wind Tunnel
Soldering Guidelines
Murata Power Solutions recommends the specifications below when installing these converters. These specifications vary depending on the solder type. Exceeding these specifications may cause damage to the product. Your production environment may differ; therefore please thoroughly review these guidelines with your process engineers.
Wave Solder Operations for through-hole mounted products (THMT)
For Sn/Ag/Cu based solders:
Maximum Preheat Temperature
For Sn/Pb based solders:
115° C.
Maximum Preheat Temperature
105° C.
Maximum Pot Temperature
270° C.
Maximum Pot Temperature
250° C.
Maximum Solder Dwell Time
7 seconds
Maximum Solder Dwell Time
6 seconds
Murata Power Solutions, Inc.
129 Flanders Road, Westborough, MA 01581 U.S.A.
ISO 9001 and 14001 REGISTERED
This product is subject to the following operating requirements
and the Life and Safety Critical Application Sales Policy:
Refer to: http://www.murata-ps.com/requirements/
Murata Power Solutions, Inc. makes no representation that the use of its products in the circuits described herein, or the use of other
technical information contained herein, will not infringe upon existing or future patent rights. The descriptions contained herein do not imply
the granting of licenses to make, use, or sell equipment constructed in accordance therewith. Specifi cations are subject to change
without notice.
© 2018 Murata Power Solutions, Inc.
www.murata-ps.com/support
MDC_HPQ-12/25-D48 Series.B08 Page 16 of 16
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