ST10F276E
16-bit MCU with MAC unit
832 Kbyte Flash memory and 68 Kbyte RAM
Datasheet − production data
Features
■
■
■
■
■
■
Highly performance 16-bit CPU with DSP
functions
– 31.25ns instruction cycle time at 64MHz
max CPU clock
– Multiply/accumulate unit (MAC) 16 x 16-bit
multiplication, 40-bit accumulator
– Enhanced boolean bit manipulations
– Single-cycle context switching support
On-chip memories
– 512 Kbyte Flash memory (32-bit fetch)
– 320 Kbyte extension Flash memory (16-bit
fetch)
– Single voltage Flash memories with
erase/program controller and 100K
erasing/programming cycles
– Up to 16 Mbyte linear address space for
code and data (5 Mbytes with CAN or I2C)
– 2 Kbyte internal RAM (IRAM)
– 66 Kbyte extension RAM (XRAM)
External bus
– Programmable external bus configuration &
characteristics for different address ranges
– 5 programmable chip-select signals
– Hold-acknowledge bus arbitration support
Interrupt
– 8-channel peripheral event controller for
single cycle interrupt driven data transfer
– 16-priority-level interrupt system with 56
sources, sampling rate down to 15.6ns
Timers
– 2 multi-functional general purpose timer
units with 5 timers
Two 16-channel capture / compare units
September 2013
This is information on a product in full production.
PQFP144 (28 x 28 x 3.4mm)
(Plastic quad flat package)
LQFP144 (20 x 20 x 1.4mm)
(Low profile plastic quad
flat package)
■
4-channel PWM unit + 4-channel XPWM
■
A/D converter
– 24-channel 10-bit
– 3 µs minimum conversion time
■
Serial channels
– 2 synch. / asynch. serial channels
– 2 high-speed synchronous channels
– 1 I2C standard interface
■
2 CAN 2.0B interfaces operating on 1 or 2 CAN
busses (64 or 2x32 message, C-CAN version)
■
Fail-safe protection
– Programmable watchdog timer
– Oscillator watchdog
■
On-chip bootstrap loader
■
Clock generation
– On-chip PLL with 4 to 12 MHz oscillator
– Direct or prescaled clock input
■
Real-time clock and 32 kHz on-chip oscillator
■
Up to 111 general purpose I/O lines
– Individually programmable as input, output
or special function
– Programmable threshold (hysteresis)
■
Idle, power down and stand-by modes
■
Single voltage supply: 5V ±10% (embedded
regulator for 1.8 V core supply)
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
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www.st.com
1
Contents
ST10F276E
Contents
1
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
2
Pin data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
3
Functional description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
4
Internal Flash memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
4.1
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
4.2
Functional description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
4.3
4.4
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4.2.1
Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
4.2.2
Modules structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
4.2.3
Low power mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
4.2.4
Write operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
4.2.5
Power supply drop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Registers description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
4.3.1
Flash control register 0 low . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
4.3.2
Flash control register 0 high . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
4.3.3
Flash control register 1 low . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
4.3.4
Flash control register 1 high . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
4.3.5
Flash data register 0 low . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
4.3.6
Flash data register 0 high . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
4.3.7
Flash data register 1 low . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
4.3.8
Flash data register 1 high . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
4.3.9
Flash address register low . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
4.3.10
Flash address register high . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
4.3.11
Flash error register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
4.3.12
XFlash interface control register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Protection strategy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
4.4.1
Protection registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
4.4.2
Flash non-volatile write protection X register low . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
4.4.3
Flash non-volatile write protection X register high . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
4.4.4
Flash non-volatile write protection I register low . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
4.4.5
Flash non-volatile write protection I register high . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
4.4.6
Flash non-volatile access protection register 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
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Contents
4.4.7
Flash non-volatile access protection register 1 low . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
4.4.8
Flash non-volatile access protection register 1 high . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
4.4.9
Access protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
4.4.10
Write protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
4.4.11
Temporary unprotection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
4.5
Write operation examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
4.6
Write operation summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Bootstrap loader . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
5.1
Selection among user-code, standard or alternate bootstrap . . . . . . . . . 46
5.2
Standard bootstrap loader . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.2.1
Entering the standard bootstrap loader . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
5.2.2
ST10 configuration in BSL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
5.2.3
Booting steps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
5.2.4
Hardware to activate BSL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
5.2.5
Memory configuration in bootstrap loader mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
5.2.6
Loading the start-up code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
5.2.7
Exiting bootstrap loader mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
5.2.8
Hardware requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Standard bootstrap with UART (RS232 or K-Line) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
5.3.1
Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
5.3.2
Entering bootstrap via UART . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
5.3.3
ST10 Configuration in UART BSL (RS232 or K-Line) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
5.3.4
Loading the start-up code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
5.3.5
Choosing the baud rate for the BSL via UART . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Standard bootstrap with CAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
5.4.1
Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
5.4.2
Entering the CAN bootstrap loader . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
5.4.3
ST10 configuration in CAN BSL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
5.4.4
Loading the start-up code via CAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
5.4.5
Choosing the baud rate for the BSL via CAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
5.4.6
Computing the baud rate error . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
5.4.7
Bootstrap via CAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Comparing the old and the new bootstrap loader . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
5.5.1
Software aspects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
5.5.2
Hardware aspects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
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ST10F276E
5.6
5.7
6
Alternate boot mode (ABM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
5.6.1
Activation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
5.6.2
Memory mapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
5.6.3
Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
5.6.4
ST10 configuration in alternate boot mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
5.6.5
Watchdog . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
5.6.6
Exiting alternate boot mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
5.6.7
Alternate boot user software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
5.6.8
User/alternate mode signature integrity check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
5.6.9
Alternate boot user software aspects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
5.6.10
EMUCON register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
5.6.11
Internal decoding of test modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
5.6.12
Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Selective boot mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Central processing unit (CPU) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
6.1
Multiplier-accumulator unit (MAC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
6.2
Instruction set summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
6.3
MAC coprocessor specific instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
7
External bus controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
8
Interrupt system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
8.1
X-Peripheral interrupt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
8.2
Exception and error traps list . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
9
Capture / compare (CAPCOM) units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
10
General purpose timer unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
10.1
GPT1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
10.2
GPT2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
11
PWM modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
12
Parallel ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
4/235
12.1
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
12.2
I/O’s special features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
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12.3
12.2.1
Open drain mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
12.2.2
Input threshold control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Alternate port functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
13
A/D converter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
14
Serial channels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
14.1
Asynchronous / synchronous serial interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
14.2
ASCx in asynchronous mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
14.3
ASCx in synchronous mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
14.4
High speed synchronous serial interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
15
I2C interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
16
CAN modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
16.1
Configuration support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
16.2
CAN bus configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
17
Real-time clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
18
Watchdog timer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
19
System reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
20
19.1
Input filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
19.2
Asynchronous reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
19.3
Synchronous reset (warm reset) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
19.4
Software reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
19.5
Watchdog timer reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
19.6
Bidirectional reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
19.7
Reset circuitry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
19.8
Reset application examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
19.9
Reset summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
Power reduction modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
20.1
Idle mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
20.2
Power down mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
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20.3
20.2.1
Protected power down mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
20.2.2
Interruptible power down mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
Stand-by mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
20.3.1
Entering stand-by mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
20.3.2
Exiting stand-by mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
20.3.3
Real-time clock and stand-by mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
20.3.4
Power reduction modes summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
21
Programmable output clock divider . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
22
Register set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
22.1
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
22.2
Register description format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
22.3
General purpose registers (GPRs) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
22.4
Special function registers ordered by name . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
22.5
Special function registers ordered by address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
22.6
X-registers sorted by name . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154
22.7
X-registers ordered by address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
22.8
Flash registers ordered by name . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
22.9
Flash registers ordered by address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166
22.10 Identification registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
22.11 System configuration registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
22.12 XPERCON and XPEREMU registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176
22.13 Emulation dedicated registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
23
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Electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
23.1
Absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
23.2
Recommended operating conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
23.3
Power considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
23.4
Parameter interpretation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
23.5
DC characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
23.6
Flash characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
23.7
A/D converter characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
23.7.1
Conversion timing control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
23.7.2
A/D conversion accuracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
ST10F276E
Contents
23.8
23.7.3
Total unadjusted error . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
23.7.4
Analog reference pins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
23.7.5
Analog input pins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
23.7.6
Example of external network sizing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
AC characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
23.8.1
Test waveforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
23.8.2
Definition of internal timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198
23.8.3
Clock generation modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199
23.8.4
Prescaler operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199
23.8.5
Direct drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199
23.8.6
Oscillator watchdog (OWD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200
23.8.7
Phase locked loop (PLL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200
23.8.8
Voltage controlled oscillator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
23.8.9
PLL Jitter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202
23.8.10 Jitter in the input clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202
23.8.11 Noise in the PLL loop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202
23.8.12 PLL lock/unlock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204
23.8.13 Main oscillator specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204
23.8.14 32 kHz oscillator specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
23.8.15 External clock drive XTAL1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
23.8.16 Memory cycle variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207
23.8.17 External memory bus timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
23.8.18 Multiplexed bus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
23.8.19 Demultiplexed bus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214
23.8.20 CLKOUT and READY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220
23.8.21 External bus arbitration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222
23.8.22 High-speed synchronous serial interface (SSC) timing modes . . . . . . 224
24
Package information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
24.1
ECOPACK® packages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
24.2
PQFP144 mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
24.3
LQFP144 mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230
25
Ordering information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232
26
Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
7/235
List of tables
ST10F276E
List of tables
Table 1.
Table 2.
Table 3.
Table 4.
Table 5.
Table 6.
Table 7.
Table 8.
Table 9.
Table 10.
Table 11.
Table 12.
Table 13.
Table 14.
Table 15.
Table 16.
Table 17.
Table 18.
Table 19.
Table 20.
Table 21.
Table 22.
Table 23.
Table 24.
Table 25.
Table 26.
Table 27.
Table 28.
Table 29.
Table 30.
Table 31.
Table 32.
Table 33.
Table 34.
Table 35.
Table 36.
Table 37.
Table 38.
Table 39.
Table 40.
Table 41.
Table 42.
Table 43.
Table 44.
Table 45.
Table 46.
Table 47.
Table 48.
8/235
Pin description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Flash modules absolute mapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Flash modules sectorization (read operations) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Flash modules sectorization (write operations or with ROMS1 = ‘1’) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Control register interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Flash control register 0 low . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Flash control register 0 high . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Flash control register 1 low . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Flash control register 1 high . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Banks (BxS) and sectors (BxFy) status bits meaning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Flash data register 0 low. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Flash data register 0 high . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Flash data register 1 low. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Flash data register 1 high . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Flash address register low . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Flash address register high . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Flash error register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
X-Flash interface control register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Flash non-volatile write protection X register low . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Flash non-volatile write protection X register high . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Flash non-volatile write protection I register low . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Flash non-volatile write protection I register high . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Flash non-volatile access protection register 0. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Flash non-volatile access protection register 1 low . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Flash non-volatile access protection register 1 high . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Summary of access protection level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Flash write operations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
ST10F276E boot mode selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
ST10 configuration in BSL mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
ST10 configuration in UART BSL mode (RS232 or K-line). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
ST10 configuration in CAN BSL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
BRP and PT0 values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Software topics summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Hardware topics summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
ST10 configuration in alternate boot mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
ABM bit description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Selective boot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Standard instruction set summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
MAC instruction set summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Interrupt sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
X-Interrupt detailed mapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Trap priorities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Compare modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
CAPCOM timer input frequencies, resolutions and periods at 40 MHz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
CAPCOM timer input frequencies, resolutions and periods at 64 MHz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
GPT1 timer input frequencies, resolutions and periods at 40 MHz. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
GPT1 timer input frequencies, resolutions and periods at 64 MHz. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
GPT2 timer input frequencies, resolutions and periods at 40 MHz. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
ST10F276E
Table 49.
Table 50.
Table 51.
Table 52.
Table 53.
Table 54.
Table 55.
Table 56.
Table 57.
Table 58.
Table 59.
Table 60.
Table 61.
Table 62.
Table 63.
Table 64.
Table 65.
Table 66.
Table 67.
Table 68.
Table 69.
Table 70.
Table 71.
Table 72.
Table 73.
Table 74.
Table 75.
Table 76.
Table 77.
Table 78.
Table 79.
Table 80.
Table 81.
Table 82.
Table 83.
Table 84.
Table 85.
Table 86.
Table 87.
Table 88.
Table 89.
Table 90.
Table 91.
Table 92.
Table 93.
Table 94.
Table 95.
Table 96.
Table 97.
Table 98.
Table 99.
Table 100.
List of tables
GPT2 timer input frequencies, resolutions and periods at 64 MHz. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
PWM unit frequencies and resolutions at 40 MHz CPU clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
PWM unit frequencies and resolutions at 64 MHz CPU clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
ASC asynchronous baud rates by reload value and deviation errors (fCPU = 40 MHz) . . 95
ASC asynchronous baud rates by reload value and deviation errors (fCPU = 64 MHz) . . 96
ASC synchronous baud rates by reload value and deviation errors (fCPU = 40 MHz) . . . 96
ASC synchronous baud rates by reload value and deviation errors (fCPU = 64 MHz) . . . 97
Synchronous baud rate and reload values (fCPU = 40 MHz). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Synchronous baud rate and reload values (fCPU = 64 MHz). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
WDTREL reload value (fCPU = 40 MHz) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
WDTREL reload value (fCPU = 64 MHz) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Reset event definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Reset event. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
PORT0 latched configuration for the different reset events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Power reduction modes summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
General purpose registers (GPRs) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
General purpose registers (GPRs) bytewise addressing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
Special function registers ordered by address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
Special function registers ordered by address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
X-Registers ordered by name . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154
X-registers ordered by address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
Flash registers ordered by name . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
Flash registers ordered by address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166
MANUF description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
IDCHIP description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
IDMEM description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
IDPROG description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
SYSCON description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
BUSCON4 description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
RPOH description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
EXIxES bit description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
EXISEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
EXIxSS and port 2 pin configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
SFR area description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174
ESFR description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174
Segment 8 address range mapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176
Absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
Recommended operating conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
Thermal characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
Package characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
DC characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
Flash characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
Data retention characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
A/D converter characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
A/D converter programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
On-chip clock generator selections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199
Internal PLL divider mechanism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
PLL lock/unlock timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204
Main oscillator specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204
Negative resistance (absolute min. value @125oC / VDD = 4.5V). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
32 kHz Oscillator specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
9/235
List of tables
Table 101.
Table 102.
Table 103.
Table 104.
Table 105.
Table 106.
Table 107.
Table 108.
Table 109.
Table 110.
Table 111.
Table 112.
Table 113.
10/235
ST10F276E
Minimum values of negative resistance (module). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
External clock drive timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207
Memory cycle variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207
Multiplexed bus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
Demultiplexed bus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214
CLKOUT and READY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220
External bus arbitration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222
Master mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224
Slave mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226
PQFP144 mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
LQFP144 mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230
Order codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232
Document revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
ST10F276E
List of figures
List of figures
Figure 1.
Figure 2.
Figure 3.
Figure 4.
Figure 5.
Figure 6.
Figure 7.
Figure 8.
Figure 9.
Figure 10.
Figure 11.
Figure 12.
Figure 13.
Figure 14.
Figure 15.
Figure 16.
Figure 17.
Figure 18.
Figure 19.
Figure 20.
Figure 21.
Figure 22.
Figure 23.
Figure 24.
Figure 25.
Figure 26.
Figure 27.
Figure 28.
Figure 29.
Figure 30.
Figure 31.
Figure 32.
Figure 33.
Figure 34.
Figure 35.
Figure 36.
Figure 37.
Figure 38.
Figure 39.
Figure 40.
Figure 41.
Figure 42.
Figure 43.
Figure 44.
Figure 45.
Figure 46.
Figure 47.
Figure 48.
Logic symbol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Pin configuration (top view) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Block diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Flash modules structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
ST10F276E new standard bootstrap loader program flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Booting steps for ST10F276E. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Hardware provisions to activate the BSL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Memory configuration after reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
UART bootstrap loader sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Baud rate deviation between host and ST10F276E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
CAN bootstrap loader sequence. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Bit rate measurement over a predefined zero-frame . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Reset boot sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
CPU Block Diagram (MAC Unit not included). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
MAC unit architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
X-Interrupt basic structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Block diagram of GPT1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Block diagram of GPT2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Block diagram of PWM module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Connection to single CAN bus via separate CAN transceivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Connection to single CAN bus via common CAN transceivers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Connection to two different CAN buses (e.g. for gateway application). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Connection to one CAN bus with internal Parallel Mode enabled . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Asynchronous power-on RESET (EA = 1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Asynchronous power-on RESET (EA = 0) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Asynchronous hardware RESET (EA = 1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Asynchronous hardware RESET (EA = 0) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
Synchronous short / long hardware RESET (EA = 1). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
Synchronous short / long hardware RESET (EA = 0). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Synchronous long hardware RESET (EA = 1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
Synchronous long hardware RESET (EA = 0) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
SW / WDT unidirectional RESET (EA = 1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
SW / WDT unidirectional RESET (EA = 0) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
SW / WDT bidirectional RESET (EA = 1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
SW / WDT bidirectional RESET (EA = 0) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
SW / WDT bidirectional RESET (EA = 0) followed by a HW RESET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Minimum external reset circuitry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
System reset circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Internal (simplified) reset circuitry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Example of software or watchdog bidirectional reset (EA = 1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Example of software or watchdog bidirectional reset (EA = 0) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
PORT0 bits latched into the different registers after reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
External RC circuitry on RPD pin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
Port2 test mode structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183
Supply current versus the operating frequency (RUN and IDLE modes) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
A/D conversion characteristic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
A/D converter input pins scheme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
Charge sharing timing diagram during sampling phase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
11/235
List of figures
Figure 49.
Figure 50.
Figure 51.
Figure 52.
Figure 53.
Figure 54.
Figure 55.
Figure 56.
Figure 57.
Figure 58.
Figure 59.
Figure 60.
Figure 61.
Figure 62.
Figure 63.
Figure 64.
Figure 65.
Figure 66.
Figure 67.
Figure 68.
Figure 69.
Figure 70.
Figure 71.
12/235
ST10F276E
Anti-aliasing filter and conversion rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
Input/output waveforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
Float waveforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
Generation mechanisms for the CPU clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198
ST10F276E PLL jitter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
Crystal oscillator and resonator connection diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
32 kHz crystal oscillator connection diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
External clock drive XTAL1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207
Multiplexed bus with/without R/W delay and normal ALE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210
Multiplexed bus with/without R/W delay and extended ALE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
Multiplexed bus, with/without R/W delay, normal ALE, R/W CS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212
Multiplexed bus, with/without R/ W delay, extended ALE, R/W CS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
Demultiplexed bus, with/without read/write delay and normal ALE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216
Demultiplexed bus with/without R/W delay and extended ALE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217
Demultiplexed bus with ALE and R/W CS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218
Demultiplexed bus, no R/W delay, extended ALE, R/W CS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
CLKOUT and READY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221
External bus arbitration (releasing the bus) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222
External bus arbitration (regaining the bus) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
SSC master timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225
SSC slave timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227
PQFP144 mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229
LQFP144 package dimension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
ST10F276E
1
Introduction
Introduction
The ST10F276E is a derivative of the STMicroelectronics® ST10 family of 16-bit single-chip
CMOS microcontrollers. It combines high CPU performance (up to 32 million instructions
per second) with high peripheral functionality and enhanced I/O-capabilities. It also provides
on-chip high-speed single voltage Flash memory, on-chip high-speed RAM, and clock
generation via PLL.
ST10F276E is processed in 0.18 µm CMOS technology. The MCU core and the logic is
supplied with a 5V to 1.8V on-chip voltage regulator. The part is supplied with a single 5V
supply and I/Os work at 5V.
The device is upward compatible with the ST10F269 device, with the following set of
differences:
●
Flash control interface is now based on STMicroelectronics third generation of standalone Flash memories (M29F400 series), with an embedded Program/Erase Controller.
This completely frees up the CPU during programming or erasing the Flash.
●
Only one supply pin (ex DC1 in ST10F269, renamed into V18) on the QFP144 package
is used for decoupling the internally generated 1.8V core logic supply. Do not connect
this pin to 5.0V external supply. Instead, this pin should be connected to a decoupling
capacitor (ceramic type, typical value 10nF, maximum value 100nF).
●
The AC and DC parameters are modified due to a difference in the maximum CPU
frequency.
●
A new VDD pin replaces DC2 of ST10F269.
●
EA pin assumes a new alternate functionality: it is also used to provide a dedicated
power supply (see VSTBY) to maintain biased a portion of the XRAM (16 Kbytes) when
the main Power Supply of the device (VDD and consequently the internally generated
V18) is turned off for low power mode, allowing data retention. VSTBY voltage shall be in
the range 4.5-5.5 Volt, and a dedicated embedded low power voltage regulator is in
charge to provide the 1.8V for the RAM, the low-voltage section of the 32 kHz oscillator
and the Real-Time Clock module when not disabled. It is allowed to exceed the upper
limit up to 6V for a very short period of time during the global life of the device, and
exceed the lower limit down to 4V when RTC and 32kHz on-chip oscillator are not
used.
●
A second SSC mapped on the XBUS is added (SSC of ST10F269 becomes here
SSC0, while the new one is referred as XSSC or simply SSC1). Note that some
restrictions and functional differences due to the XBUS peculiarities are present
between the classic SSC, and the new XSSC.
●
A second ASC mapped on the XBUS is added (ASC0 of ST10F269 remains ASC0,
while the new one is referred as XASC or simply as ASC1). Note that some restrictions
and functional differences due to the XBUS peculiarities are present between the
classic ASC, and the new XASC.
●
A second PWM mapped on the XBUS is added (PWM of ST10F269 becomes here
PWM0, while the new one is referred as XPWM or simply as PWM1). Note that some
restrictions and functional differences due to the XBUS peculiarities are present
between the classic PWM, and the new XPWM.
●
An I2C interface on the XBUS is added (see X-I2C or simply I2C interface).
●
CLKOUT function can output either the CPU clock (like in ST10F269) or a software
programmable prescaled value of the CPU clock.
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
13/235
Introduction
ST10F276E
●
Embedded memory size has been significantly increased (both Flash and RAM).
●
PLL multiplication factors have been adapted to new frequency range.
A/D Converter is not fully compatible versus ST10F269 (timing and programming
model). Formula for the conversion time is still valid, while the sampling phase
programming model is different.
Besides, additional 8 channels are available on P1L pins as alternate function: the
accuracy reachable with these extra channels is reduced with respect to the standard
Port5 channels.
14/235
●
External Memory bus potential limitations on maximum speed and maximum
capacitance load could be introduced (under evaluation): ST10F276E will probably not
be able to address an external memory at 64MHz with 0 wait states (under evaluation).
●
XPERCON register bit mapping modified according to new peripherals implementation
(not fully compatible with ST10F269).
●
Bondout chip for emulation (ST10R201) cannot achieve more than 50MHz at room
temperature (so no real-time emulation possible at maximum speed).
●
Input section characteristics are different. The threshold programmability is extended to
all port pins (additional XPICON register); it is possible to select standard TTL (with up
to 500mV of hysteresis) and standard CMOS (with up to 800mV of hysteresis).
●
Output transition is not programmable.
●
CAN module is enhanced: ST10F276E implements two C-CAN modules, so the
programming model is slightly different. Besides, the possibility to map in parallel the
two CAN modules is added (on P4.5/P4.6).
●
On-chip main oscillator input frequency range has been reshaped, reducing it from 125MHz down to 4-12MHz. This is a high performance oscillator amplifier, providing a
very high negative resistance and wide oscillation amplitude: when this on-chip
amplifier is used as reference for Real-Time Clock module, the Power-down
consumption is dominated by the consumption of the oscillator amplifier itself. A metal
option is added to offer a low power oscillator amplifier working in the range of 4-8MHz:
this will allow a power consumption reduction when Real-Time Clock is running in
Power Down mode using as reference the on-chip main oscillator clock.
●
A second on-chip oscillator amplifier circuit (32kHz) is implemented for low power
modes: it can be used to provide the reference to the Real-Time Clock counter (either
in Power Down or Stand-by mode). Pin XTAL3 and XTAL4 replace a couple of VDD/VSS
pins of ST10F269.
●
Possibility to re-program internal XBUS chip select window characteristics (XRAM2 and
XFLASH address window) is added.
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
ST10F276E
Introduction
Figure 1.
Logic symbol
6 6$$ 633
84!,
84!,
84!,
84!,
0ORT
BIT
234).
234/54
6!2%&
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BIT
0ORT
BIT
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2$
7272,
0ORT
BIT
0ORT
BIT
0ORT
BIT
0ORT
BIT
0ORT
BIT
0ORT
BIT
20$
'!0'2)
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
15/235
Pin data
2
ST10F276E
Pin data
Pin configuration (top view)
34&%
0(!$
0,!$
0,!$
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00/54
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0!.
0!.
0!.
0!.
0!.
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84!,
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.-)
234/54
234).
633
84!,
84!,
6$$
0(!##)
0(!##)
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0(!##)
0(!
0(!
0(!
0(!
633
6$$
0,!!.
0,!!.
0,!!.
0,!!.
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0,!!.
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0(!$
0(!$
0(!$
0(!$
0(!$
0(!$
0(!$
633
6$$
Figure 2.
'!0'2)
16/235
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
ST10F276E
Table 1.
Symbol
Pin data
Pin description
Pin
1-8
P6.0 - P6.7
Type
I/O
Function
8-bit bidirectional I/O port, bit-wise programmable for input or output via direction
bit. Programming an I/O pin as input forces the corresponding output driver to
high impedance state. Port 6 outputs can be configured as push-pull or open
drain drivers. The input threshold of Port 6 is selectable (TTL or CMOS). The
following Port 6 pins have alternate functions:
1
O
P6.0
CS0
Chip select 0 output
...
...
...
...
...
5
O
P6.4
CS4
Chip select 4 output
I
P6.5
HOLD
External master hold request input
SCLK1
SSC1: master clock output / slave clock input
HLDA
Hold acknowledge output
MTSR1
SSC1: master-transmitter / slave-receiver O/I
BREQ
Bus request output
MRST1
SSC1: master-receiver / slave-transmitter I/O
6
I/O
O
P6.6
7
I/O
O
P6.7
8
I/O
9-16
I/O
8-bit bidirectional I/O port, bit-wise programmable for input or output via direction
bit. Programming an I/O pin as input forces the corresponding output driver to
high impedance state. Port 8 outputs can be configured as push-pull or open
drain drivers. The input threshold of Port 8 is selectable (TTL or CMOS).
The following Port 8 pins have alternate functions:
I/O
P8.0
CC16IO
CAPCOM2: CC16 capture input / compare output
XPWM0
PWM1: channel 0 output
9
O
...
P8.0 - P8.7
...
...
...
...
I/O
P8.3
CC19IO
CAPCOM2: CC19 capture input / compare output
XPWM0
PWM1: channel 3 output
12
O
13
I/O
P8.4
CC20IO
CAPCOM2: CC20 capture input / compare output
14
I/O
P8.5
CC21IO
CAPCOM2: CC21 capture input / compare output
I/O
P8.6
CC22IO
CAPCOM2: CC22 capture input / compare output
RxD1
ASC1: Data input (Asynchronous) or I/O (Synchronous)
CC23IO
CAPCOM2: CC23 capture input / compare output
TxD1
ASC1: Clock / Data output (Asynchronous/Synchronous)
15
I/O
I/O
P8.7
16
O
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
17/235
Pin data
Table 1.
ST10F276E
Pin description (continued)
Symbol
P7.0 - P7.7
P5.0 - P5.9
P5.10 - P5.15
P2.0 - P2.7
P2.8 - P2.15
Pin
Type
Function
19-26
I/O
8-bit bidirectional I/O port, bit-wise programmable for input or output via direction
bit. Programming an I/O pin as input forces the corresponding output driver to
high impedance state. Port 7 outputs can be configured as push-pull or open
drain drivers. The input threshold of Port 7 is selectable (TTL or CMOS).
The following Port 7 pins have alternate functions:
19
O
P7.0
POUT0
PWM0: channel 0 output
...
...
...
...
...
22
O
P7.3
POUT3
PWM0: channel 3 output
23
I/O
P7.4
CC28IO
CAPCOM2: CC28 capture input / compare output
...
...
...
...
...
26
I/O
P7.7
CC31IO
CAPCOM2: CC31 capture input / compare output
27-36
39-44
I
I
16-bit input-only port with Schmitt-Trigger characteristics. The pins of Port 5 can
be the analog input channels (up to 16) for the A/D converter, where P5.x equals
ANx (Analog input channel x), or they are timer inputs. The input threshold of
Port 5 is selectable (TTL or CMOS). The following Port 5 pins have alternate
functions:
39
I
P5.10
T6EUD
GPT2: timer T6 external up/down control input
40
I
P5.11
T5EUD
GPT2: timer T5 external up/down control input
41
I
P5.12
T6IN
GPT2: timer T6 count input
42
I
P5.13
T5IN
GPT2: timer T5 count input
43
I
P5.14
T4EUD
GPT1: timer T4 external up/down control input
44
I
P5.15
T2EUD
GPT1: timer T2 external up/down control input
47-54
57-64
I/O
16-bit bidirectional I/O port, bit-wise programmable for input or output via
direction bit. Programming an I/O pin as input forces the corresponding output
driver to high impedance state. Port 2 outputs can be configured as push-pull or
open drain drivers. The input threshold of Port 2 is selectable (TTL or CMOS).
The following Port 2 pins have alternate functions:
47
I/O
P2.0
CC0IO
CAPCOM: CC0 capture input/compare output
...
...
...
...
...
54
I/O
P2.7
CC7IO
CAPCOM: CC7 capture input/compare output
57
I/O
P2.8
CC8IO
CAPCOM: CC8 capture input/compare output
EX0IN
Fast external interrupt 0 input
I
18/235
...
...
...
...
...
64
I/O
P2.15
CC15IO
CAPCOM: CC15 capture input/compare output
I
EX7IN
Fast external interrupt 7 input
I
T7IN
CAPCOM2: timer T7 count input
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
ST10F276E
Table 1.
Pin data
Pin description (continued)
Symbol
P3.0 - P3.5
P3.6 - P3.13,
P3.15
Pin
Type
Function
65-70,
73-80,
81
I/O
I/O
I/O
15-bit (P3.14 is missing) bidirectional I/O port, bit-wise programmable for input or
output via direction bit. Programming an I/O pin as input forces the
corresponding output driver to high impedance state. Port 3 outputs can be
configured as push-pull or open drain drivers. The input threshold of Port 3 is
selectable (TTL or CMOS). The following Port 3 pins have alternate functions:
65
I
P3.0
T0IN
CAPCOM1: timer T0 count input
66
O
P3.1
T6OUT
GPT2: timer T6 toggle latch output
67
I
P3.2
CAPIN
GPT2: register CAPREL capture input
68
O
P3.3
T3OUT
GPT1: timer T3 toggle latch output
69
I
P3.4
T3EUD
GPT1: timer T3 external up/down control input
70
I
P3.5
T4IN
GPT1; timer T4 input for count/gate/reload/capture
73
I
P3.6
T3IN
GPT1: timer T3 count/gate input
74
I
P3.7
T2IN
GPT1: timer T2 input for count/gate/reload / capture
75
I/O
P3.8
MRST0
SSC0: master-receiver/slave-transmitter I/O
76
I/O
P3.9
MTSR0
SSC0: master-transmitter/slave-receiver O/I
77
O
P3.10
TxD0
ASC0: clock / data output (asynchronous/synchronous)
78
I/O
P3.11
RxD0
ASC0: data input (asynchronous) or I/O (synchronous)
79
O
P3.12
BHE
External memory high byte enable signal
WRH
External memory high byte write strobe
80
I/O
P3.13
SCLK0
SSC0: master clock output / slave clock input
81
O
P3.15
CLKOUT
System clock output (programmable divider on CPU
clock)
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
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Pin data
Table 1.
Symbol
ST10F276E
Pin description (continued)
Pin
Type
Function
85-92
I/O
Port 4 is an 8-bit bidirectional I/O port. It is bit-wise programmable for input or
output via direction bit. Programming an I/O pin as input forces the
corresponding output driver to high impedance state. The input threshold is
selectable (TTL or CMOS). Port 4.4, 4.5, 4.6 and 4.7 outputs can be configured
as push-pull or open drain drivers.
In case of an external bus configuration, Port 4 can be used to output the
segment address lines:
85
O
P4.0
A16
Segment address line
86
O
P4.1
A17
Segment address line
87
O
P4.2
A18
Segment address line
88
O
P4.3
A19
Segment address line
89
O
P4.4
A20
Segment address line
CAN2_RxD
CAN2: receive data input
SCL
I2C Interface: serial clock
A21
Segment address line
I
CAN1_RxD
CAN1: receive data input
I
CAN2_RxD
CAN2: receive data input
A22
Segment address line
O
CAN1_TxD
CAN1: transmit data output
O
CAN2_TxD
CAN2: transmit data output
A23
Most significant segment address line
O
CAN2_TxD
CAN2: transmit data output
I/O
SDA
I2C Interface: serial data
I
P4.0 –P4.7
I/O
90
91
92
RD
WR/WRL
95
96
O
O
O
P4.5
P4.6
P4.7
O
External memory read strobe. RD is activated for every external instruction or
data read access.
O
External memory write strobe. In WR-mode this pin is activated for every
external data write access. In WRL mode this pin is activated for low byte data
write accesses on a 16-bit bus, and for every data write access on an 8-bit bus.
See WRCFG in the SYSCON register for mode selection.
READY/
READY
97
I
Ready input. The active level is programmable. When the ready function is
enabled, the selected inactive level at this pin, during an external memory
access, will force the insertion of waitstate cycles until the pin returns to the
selected active level.
ALE
98
O
Address latch enable output. In case of use of external addressing or of
multiplexed mode, this signal is the latch command of the address lines.
20/235
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
ST10F276E
Table 1.
Pin data
Pin description (continued)
Symbol
EA / VSTBY
Pin
99
Type
Function
I
External access enable pin.
A low level applied to this pin during and after Reset forces the ST10F276E to
start the program from the external memory space. A high level forces
ST10F276E to start in the internal memory space. This pin is also used (when
Stand-by mode is entered, that is ST10F276E under reset and main VDD turned
off) to bias the 32 kHz oscillator amplifier circuit and to provide a reference
voltage for the low-power embedded voltage regulator which generates the
internal 1.8V supply for the RTC module (when not disabled) and to retain data
inside the Stand-by portion of the XRAM (16 Kbyte).
It can range from 4.5 to 5.5V (6V for a reduced amount of time during the device
life, 4.0V when RTC and 32 kHz on-chip oscillator amplifier are turned off). In
running mode, this pin can be tied low during reset without affecting 32 kHz
oscillator, RTC and XRAM activities, since the presence of a stable VDD
guarantees the proper biasing of all those modules.
Two 8-bit bidirectional I/O ports P0L and P0H, bit-wise programmable for input or
output via direction bit. Programming an I/O pin as input forces the
corresponding output driver to high impedance state. The input threshold of
Port 0 is selectable (TTL or CMOS).
In case of an external bus configuration, PORT0 serves as the address (A) and
as the address / data (AD) bus in multiplexed bus modes and as the data (D) bus
in demultiplexed bus modes.
Demultiplexed bus modes
P0L.0 -P0L.7, 100-107,
P0H.0
108,
P0H.1 - P0H.7 111-117
I/O
Data path width
8-bit
16-bi
P0L.0 – P0L.7:
D0 – D7
D0 - D7
P0H.0 – P0H.7:
I/O
D8 - D15
Multiplexed bus modes
Data path width
8-bit
16-bi
P0L.0 – P0L.7:
AD0 – AD7
AD0 - AD7
P0H.0 – P0H.7:
A8 – A15
AD8 - AD15
Two 8-bit bidirectional I/O ports P1L and P1H, bit-wise programmable for input or
output via direction bit. Programming an I/O pin as input forces the
corresponding output driver to high impedance state. PORT1 is used as the 16bit address bus (A) in demultiplexed bus modes: if at least BUSCONx is
configured such the demultiplexed mode is selected, the pis of PORT1 are not
available for general purpose I/O function. The input threshold of Port 1 is
selectable (TTL or CMOS).
The pins of P1L also serve as the additional (up to 8) analog input channels for
the A/D converter, where P1L.x equals ANy (Analog input channel y,
where y = x + 16). This additional function have higher priority on demultiplexed
bus function. The following PORT1 pins have alternate functions:
118-125
128-135
I/O
132
I
P1H.4 CC24IO
CAPCOM2: CC24 capture input
133
I
P1H.5 CC25IO
CAPCOM2: CC25 capture input
134
I
P1H.6 CC26IO
CAPCOM2: CC26 capture input
135
I
P1H.7 CC27IO
CAPCOM2: CC27 capture input
P1L.0 - P1L.7
P1H.0 - P1H.7
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
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Pin data
Table 1.
ST10F276E
Pin description (continued)
Symbol
Pin
Type
Function
XTAL1
138
I
XTAL1 Main oscillator amplifier circuit and/or external clock input.
XTAL2
137
O
XTAL2 Main oscillator amplifier circuit output.
To clock the device from an external source, drive XTAL1 while leaving XTAL2
unconnected. Minimum and maximum high / low and rise / fall times specified in
the AC Characteristics must be observed.
XTAL3
143
I
XTAL3 32 kHz oscillator amplifier circuit input
XTAL4
144
O
XTAL4 32 kHz oscillator amplifier circuit output
When 32 kHz oscillator amplifier is not used, to avoid spurious consumption,
XTAL3 shall be tied to ground while XTAL4 shall be left open. Besides, bit OFF32
in RTCCON register shall be set. 32 kHz oscillator can only be driven by an
external crystal, and not by a different clock source.
RSTIN
140
I
Reset Input with CMOS Schmitt-Trigger characteristics. A low level at this pin for
a specified duration while the oscillator is running resets the ST10F276E. An
internal pull-up resistor permits power-on reset using only a capacitor connected
to VSS. In bidirectional reset mode (enabled by setting bit BDRSTEN in
SYSCON register), the RSTIN line is pulled low for the duration of the internal
reset sequence.
RSTOUT
141
O
Internal Reset Indication Output. This pin is driven to a low level during
hardware, software or watchdog timer reset. RSTOUT remains low until the EINIT
(end of initialization) instruction is executed.
NMI
142
I
Non-Maskable Interrupt Input. A high to low transition at this pin causes the CPU
to vector to the NMI trap routine. If bit PWDCFG = ‘0’ in SYSCON register, when
the PWRDN (power down) instruction is executed, the NMI pin must be low in
order to force the ST10F276E to go into power down mode. If NMI is high and
PWDCFG = ‘0’, when PWRDN is executed, the part will continue to run in
normal mode.
If not used, pin NMI should be pulled high externally.
VAREF
37
-
A/D converter reference voltage and analog supply
VAGND
38
-
A/D converter reference and analog ground
RPD
84
-
Timing pin for the return from interruptible power down mode and synchronous /
asynchronous reset selection.
VDD
17, 46,
72,82,93,
109, 126,
136
-
Digital supply voltage = + 5V during normal operation, idle and power down
modes.
It can be turned off when Stand-by RAM mode is selected.
VSS
18,45,
55,71,
83,94,
110, 127,
139
-
Digital ground
V18
56
-
1.8V decoupling pin: a decoupling capacitor (typical value of 10nF, max 100nF)
must be connected between this pin and nearest VSS pin.
22/235
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
ST10F276E
Functional description
The architecture of the ST10F276E combines advantages of both RISC and CISC
processors and an advanced peripheral subsystem. The block diagram gives an overview of
the different on-chip components and the high bandwidth internal bus structure of the
ST10F276E.
Figure 3.
Block diagram
82!+"
)&,!3(
+"
#05
#OREAND-!#5NIT
)2!+"
824#
7ATCHDOG
0%#
82!-
+"
34"9
/SCILLATOR
K(Z
/SCILLATOR
807-
0ORT
)NTERRUPT#ONTROLLER
0ORT
0,,
0ORT
#!0#/-
"2'
#!0#/-
33#
"2'
07-
!3#
'04'04
6
6
6OLTAGE
2EGULATOR
BIT!$#
%XTERNAL"US
#ONTROLLER
0ORT
0ORT
82!+"
8!3#
0%#
8)#
833#
8#!.
8#!.
0ORT
8&,!3(
+"
0ORT
3
Functional description
0ORT
0ORT
'!0'2)
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
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Internal Flash memory
ST10F276E
4
Internal Flash memory
4.1
Overview
The on-chip Flash is composed of two matrix modules, each one containing one array
divided in two banks that can be read and modified independently of one another: one bank
can be read while another bank is under modification.
Figure 4.
Flash modules structure
#ONTROLSECTION
)&,!3(-ODULE)
"ANK+BYTE
PROGRAMMEMORY
(6AND2EF
GENERATOR
"ANK+BYTE
PROGRAMMEMORY
+BYTETEST
&LASH
0ROGRAMERASE
CONTROLLER
)
"53INTERFACE
8&,!3(-ODULE8
"ANK+BYTE
PROGRAMMEMORY
"ANK+BYTE
PROGRAMMEMORY
8
"53INTERFACE
'!0'2)
The write operations of the four banks are managed by an embedded Flash program/erase
controller (FPEC). The high voltages needed for program/erase operations are internally
generated.
The data bus is 32-bit wide. Due to ST10 core architecture limitation, only the first
512 Kbytes are accessed at 32-bit (internal Flash bus, see I-BUS), while the remaining
320 Kbytes are accessed at 16-bit (see X-BUS).
4.2
Functional description
4.2.1
Structure
Table 2 shows the address space reserved to the Flash module.
Table 2.
Flash modules absolute mapping
Description
24/235
Addresses
Size
IFLASH sectors
0x00 0000 to 0x08 FFFF
512 Kbyte
XFLASH sectors
0x09 0000 to 0x0D FFFF
320 Kbyte
Registers and Flash internal reserved area
0x0E 0000 to 0x0E FFFF
64 Kbyte
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
ST10F276E
4.2.2
Internal Flash memory
Modules structure
The IFLASH module is composed of two banks. Bank 0 contains 384 Kbyte of program
memory divided in 10 sectors. Bank 0 contains also a reserved sector named test-Flash.
Bank 1 contains 128 Kbyte of program memory or parameter divided in two sectors
(64 Kbyte each).
The XFLASH module is composed of two banks as well. Bank 2 contains 192 Kbyte of
program memory divided in three sectors. Bank 3 contains 128 Kbyte of program memory
or parameter divided in two sectors (64 Kbyte each).
Addresses from 0x0E 0000 to 0x0E FFFF are reserved for the control register interface and
other internal service memory space used by the Flash program/erase controller.
The following tables show the memory mapping of the Flash when it is accessed in read
mode (Table 3), and when accessed in write or erase mode (Table 2): note that with this
second mapping, the first three banks are remapped into code segment 1 (same as
obtained when setting bit ROMS1 in SYSCON register).
Table 3.
Bank
Flash modules sectorization (read operations)
Description
Addresses
Size
Bank 0 Flash 0 (B0F0)
0x0000 0000 - 0x0000 1FFF
8 KB
Bank 0 Flash 1 (B0F1)
0x0000 2000 - 0x0000 3FFF
8 KB
Bank 0 Flash 2 (B0F2)
0x0000 4000 - 0x0000 5FFF
8 KB
Bank 0 Flash 3 (B0F3)
0x0000 6000 - 0x0000 7FFF
8 KB
Bank 0 Flash 4 (B0F4)
0x0001 8000 - 0x0001 FFFF
32 KB
Bank 0 Flash 5 (B0F5)
0x0002 0000 - 0x0002 FFFF
64 KB
Bank 0 Flash 6 (B0F6)
0x0003 0000 - 0x0003 FFFF
64 KB
Bank 0 Flash 7 (B0F7)
0x0004 0000 - 0x0004 FFFF
64 KB
Bank 0 Flash 8 (B0F8)
0x0005 0000 - 0x0005 FFFF
64 KB
Bank 0 Flash 9 (B0F9)
0x0006 0000 - 0x0006 FFFF
64 KB
Bank 1 Flash 0 (B1F0)
0x0007 0000 - 0x0007 FFFF
64 KB
Bank 1 Flash 1 (B1F1)
0x0008 0000 - 0x0008 FFFF
64 KB
Bank 2 Flash 0 (B2F0)
0x0009 0000 - 0x0009 FFFF
64 KB
Bank 2 Flash 1 (B2F1)
0x000A 0000 - 0x000A FFFF
64 KB
Bank 2 Flash 2 (B2F2)
0x000B 0000 - 0x000B FFFF
64 KB
Bank 3 Flash 0 (B3F0)
0x000C 0000 - 0x000C FFFF
64 KB
Bank 3 Flash 1 (B3F1)
0x000D 0000 - 0x000D FFFF
64 KB
ST10 bus
size
B0
32-bit (I-BUS)
B1
B2
16-bit
(X-BUS)
B3
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
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Internal Flash memory
Table 4.
Bank
B0
ST10F276E
Flash modules sectorization (write operations or with ROMS1 = ‘1’)
ST10 Bus
size
Description
Addresses
Size
Bank 0 Test-Flash (B0TF)
0x0000 0000 - 0x0000 1FFF
8 KB
Bank 0 Flash 0 (B0F0)
0x0001 0000 - 0x0001 1FFF
8 KB
Bank 0 Flash 1 (B0F1)
0x0001 2000 - 0x0001 3FFF
8 KB
Bank 0 Flash 2 (B0F2)
0x0001 4000 - 0x0001 5FFF
8 KB
Bank 0 Flash 3 (B0F3)
0x0001 6000 - 0x0001 7FFF
8 KB
Bank 0 Flash 4 (B0F4)
0x0001 8000 - 0x0001 FFFF
32 KB
Bank 0 Flash 5 (B0F5)
0x0002 0000 - 0x0002 FFFF
64 KB 32-bit (I-BUS)
Bank 0 Flash 6 (B0F6)
0x0003 0000 - 0x0003 FFFF
64 KB
Bank 0 Flash 7 (B0F7)
0x0004 0000 - 0x0004 FFFF
64 KB
Bank 0 Flash 8 (B0F8)
0x0005 0000 - 0x0005 FFFF
64 KB
Bank 0 Flash 9 (B0F9)
0x0006 0000 - 0x0006 FFFF
64 KB
Bank 1 Flash 0 (B1F0)
0x0007 0000 - 0x0007 FFFF
64 KB
Bank 1 Flash 1 (B1F1)
0x0008 0000 - 0x0008 FFFF
64 KB
Bank 2 Flash 0 (B2F0)
0x0009 0000 - 0x0009 FFFF
64 KB
Bank 2 Flash 1 (B2F1)
0x000A 0000 - 0x000A FFFF
64 KB
Bank 2 Flash 2 (B2F2)
0x000B 0000 - 0x000B FFFF
64 KB
Bank 3 Flash 0 (B3F0)
0x000C 0000 - 0x000C FFFF
64 KB
Bank 3 Flash 1 (B3F1)
0x000D 0000 - 0x000D FFFF
64 KB
B1
B2
16-bit
(X-BUS)
B3
Table 4 above refers to the configuration when bit ROMS1 of SYSCON register is set. When
Bootstrap mode is entered:
●
Test-Flash is seen and available for code fetches (address 00’0000h)
●
User IFlash is only available for read and write accesses
●
Write accesses must be made with addresses starting in segment 1 from 01'0000h,
whatever ROMS1 bit in SYSCON value
●
Read accesses are made in segment 0 or in segment 1 depending of ROMS1 value.
In Bootstrap mode, by default ROMS1 = 0, so the first 32 Kbytes of IFlash are mapped in
segment 0.
Example: In default configuration, to program address 0, user must put the value 01'0000h
in the FARL and FARH registers, but to verify the content of the address 0 a read to
00'0000h must be performed.
Table 5 shows the control register interface composition: this set of registers can be
addressed by the CPU.
26/235
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
ST10F276E
Internal Flash memory
Table 5.
Control register interface
Bank
4.2.3
Description
Addresses
Size
FCR1-0
Flash control registers 1-0
0x000E 0000 - 0x000E 0007
8 byte
FDR1-0
Flash data registers 1-0
0x000E 0008 - 0x000E 000F
8 byte
FAR
Flash address registers
0x000E 0010 - 0x000E 0013
4 byte
FER
Flash error register
0x000E 0014 - 0x000E 0015
2 byte
FNVWPXR
Flash non-volatile protection
X register
0x000E DFB0 - 0x000E DFB3
4 byte
FNVWPIR
Flash non-volatile protection
I register
0x000E DFB4 - 0x000E DFB7
4 byte
FNVAPR0
Flash non-volatile access
protection register 0
0x000E DFB8 - 0x000E DFB9
2 byte
FNVAPR1
Flash non-volatile access
protection register 1
0x000E DFBC - 0x000E DFBF
4 byte
XFICR
XFlash interface control register
0x000E E000 - 0x000E E001
2 byte
ST10
bus size
16-bit
(X-BUS)
Low power mode
The Flash modules are automatically switched off executing PWRDN instruction. The
consumption is drastically reduced, but exiting this state can require a long time (tPD).
Note:
Recovery time from Power Down mode for the Flash modules is anyway shorter than the
main oscillator start-up time. To avoid any problem in restarting to fetch code from the Flash,
it is important to size properly the external circuit on RPD pin.
Power-off Flash mode is entered only at the end of the eventually running Flash write
operation.
4.2.4
Write operation
The Flash modules have one single register interface mapped in the memory space of the
XFlash module (0x0E 0000 to 0x0E 0013). All the operations are enabled through four 16-bit
control registers: Flash Control Register 1-0 High/Low (FCR1H/L-FCR0H/L). Eight other 16bit registers are used to store Flash Address and Data for Program operations (FARH/L and
FDR1H/L-FDR0H/L) and Write Operation Error flags (FERH/L). All registers are accessible
with 8 and 16-bit instructions (since mapped on ST10 XBUS).
Note:
Before accessing the XFlash module (and consequently also the Flash register to be used
for program/erasing operations), bit XFLASHEN in XPERCON register and bit XPEN in
SYSCON register shall be set.
The four banks have their own dedicated sense amplifiers, so that any bank can be read
while any other bank is written. However simultaneous write operations (“write” means
either Program or Erase) on different banks are forbidden: when there is a write operation
on going (Program or Erase) anywhere in the Flash, no other write operation can be
performed.
During a Flash write operation any attempt to read the bank under modification will output
invalid data (software trap 009Bh). This means that the Flash bank is not fetchable when a
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Internal Flash memory
ST10F276E
write operation is active: the write operation commands must be executed from another
bank, or from the other module or again from another memory (internal RAM or external
memory).
Note:
During a Write operation, when bit LOCK of FCR0 is set, it is forbidden to write into the
Flash Control Registers.
4.2.5
Power supply drop
If during a write operation the internal low voltage supply drops below a certain internal
voltage threshold, any write operation running is suddenly interrupted and the modules are
reset to Read mode. At following Power-on, an interrupted Flash write operation must be
repeated.
4.3
Registers description
4.3.1
Flash control register 0 low
The Flash control register 0 low (FCR0L) together with the Flash control register 0 high
(FCR0H) is used to enable and to monitor all the write operations for both the Flash
modules. The user has no access in write mode to the test-Flash (B0TF). Besides, testFlash block is seen by the user in Bootstrap mode only.
FCR0L (0x0E 0000)
15
14
13
FCR
12
11
10
9
8
Reset value: 0000h
7
Reserved
6
28/235
4
3
2
1
0
BSY1 BSY0 LOCK Res. BSY3 BSY2 Res.
R
Table 6.
5
R
R
R
R
Flash control register 0 low
Bit
Function
BSY(3:2)
Bank 3:2 Busy (XFLASH)
These bits indicate that a write operation is running on the corresponding bank of
XFLASH. They are automatically set when bit WMS is set. Setting Protection
operation sets bit BSY2 (since protection registers are in the Block B2). When these
bits are set every read access to the corresponding bank will output invalid data
(software trap 009Bh), while every write access to the bank will be ignored. At the end
of the write operation or during a Program or Erase Suspend these bits are
automatically reset and the bank returns to read mode. After a Program or Erase
Resume these bits are automatically set again.
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
ST10F276E
Internal Flash memory
Table 6.
Bit
Function
LOCK
Flash registers access locked
When this bit is set, it means that the access to the Flash Control Registers FCR0H/FCR1H/L, FDR0H/L-FDR1H/L, FARH/L and FER is locked by the FPEC: any read
access to the registers will output invalid data (software trap 009Bh) and any write
access will be ineffective. LOCK bit is automatically set when the Flash bit WMS is set.
This is the only bit the user can always access to detect the status of the Flash: once it
is found low, the rest of FCR0L and all the other Flash registers are accessible by the
user as well.
Note that FER content can be read when LOCK is low, but its content is updated only
when also BSY bits are reset.
BSY(1:0)
4.3.2
Flash control register 0 low (continued)
Bank 1:0 Busy (IFLASH)
These bits indicate that a write operation is running in the corresponding bank of
IFLASH. They are automatically set when bit WMS is set. When these bits are set
every read access to the corresponding bank will output invalid data (software trap
009Bh), while every write access to the bank will be ignored. At the end of the write
operation or during a Program or Erase Suspend these bits are automatically reset
and the bank returns to read mode. After a Program or Erase Resume these bits are
automatically set again.
Flash control register 0 high
The Flash control register 0 high (FCR0H) together with the Flash control register 0 Low
(FCR0L) is used to enable and to monitor all the write operations for both the Flash
modules. The user has no access in write mode to the Test-Flash (B0TF). Besides, testFlash block is seen by the user in Bootstrap mode only.
FCR0H (0x0E 0002)
15
14
WMS
SUSP
RW
RW
Table 7.
Bit
13
FCR
12
11
WPG DWPG
SER
RW
RW
RW
10
9
Reserved
Reset value: 0000h
8
7
SPR
SMOD
RW
RW
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Reserved
Flash control register 0 high
Function
SMOD
Select module
If this bit is reset, the Write Operation is performed on XFLASH Module; if this bit is
set, the Write Operation is performed on IFLASH Module. SMOD bit is automatically
reset at the end of the Write operation.
SPR
Set protection
This bit must be set to select the Set Protection operation. The Set Protection
operation allows to program 0s in place of 1s in the Flash Non-volatile Protection
Registers. The Flash Address in which to program must be written in the FARH/L
registers, while the Flash Data to be programmed must be written in the FDR0H/L
before starting the execution by setting bit WMS. A sequence error is flagged by bit
SEQER of FER if the address written in FARH/L is not in the range 0x0EDFB00x0EDFBF. SPR bit is automatically reset at the end of the Set Protection operation.
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
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Internal Flash memory
30/235
ST10F276E
Table 7.
Flash control register 0 high (continued)
Bit
Function
SER
Sector erase
This bit must be set to select the Sector Erase operation in the Flash modules. The
Sector Erase operation allows to erase all the Flash locations to 0xFF. From 1 to all the
sectors of the same bank (excluded Test-Flash for Bank B0) can be selected to be
erased through bits BxFy of FCR1H/L registers before starting the execution by setting
bit WMS. It is not necessary to pre-program the sectors to 0x00, because this is done
automatically. SER bit is automatically reset at the end of the Sector Erase operation.
DWPG
Double word program
This bit must be set to select the Double Word (64 bits) Program operation in the Flash
modules. The Double Word Program operation allows to program 0s in place of 1s.
The Flash Address in which to program (aligned with even words) must be written in
the FARH/L registers, while the 2 Flash Data to be programmed must be written in the
FDR0H/L registers (even word) and FDR1H/L registers (odd word) before starting the
execution by setting bit WMS. DWPG bit is automatically reset at the end of the
Double Word Program operation.
WPG
Word program
This bit must be set to select the Word (32 bits) Program operation in the Flash
modules. The Word Program operation allows to program 0s in place of 1s. The Flash
Address to be programmed must be written in the FARH/L registers, while the Flash
Data to be programmed must be written in the FDR0H/L registers before starting the
execution by setting bit WMS. WPG bit is automatically reset at the end of the Word
Program operation.
SUSP
Suspend
This bit must be set to suspend the current Program (Word or Double Word) or Sector
Erase operation in order to read data in one of the sectors of the bank under
modification or to program data in another bank. The Suspend operation resets the
Flash bank to normal read mode (automatically resetting bits BSYx). When in
Program Suspend, the two Flash modules accept only the following operations: Read
and Program Resume. When in Erase Suspend the modules accept only the following
operations: Read, Erase Resume and Program (Word or Double Word; Program
operations cannot be suspended during Erase Suspend). To resume the suspended
operation, the WMS bit must be set again, together with the selection bit
corresponding to the operation to resume (WPG, DWPG, SER).
Note: It is forbidden to start a new Write operation with bit SUSP already set.
WMS
Write mode start
This bit must be set to start every write operation in the Flash modules. At the end of
the write operation or during a Suspend, this bit is automatically reset. To resume a
suspended operation, this bit must be set again. It is forbidden to set this bit if bit ERR
of FER is high (the operation is not accepted). It is also forbidden to start a new write
(program or erase) operation (by setting WMS high) when bit SUSP of FCR0 is high.
Resetting this bit by software has no effect.
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
ST10F276E
4.3.3
Internal Flash memory
Flash control register 1 low
The Flash control register 1 low (FCR1L), together with Flash control register 1 high
(FCR1H), is used to select the sectors to erase, or during any write operation to monitor the
status of each sector of the module selected by SMOD bit of FCR0H. First diagram shows
FCR1L meaning when SMOD = 0; the second one when SMOD = 1.
FCR1L (0x0E 0004) SMOD = 0
15
14
13
12
11
FCR
10
9
8
Reset value: 0000h
7
6
5
4
3
Reserved
2
15
14
13
12
11
Reserved
FCR
10
9
8
RS
RS
Reset value: 0000h
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
B0F9 B0F8 B0F7 B0F6 B0F5 B0F4 B0F3 B0F2 B0F1 B0F0
RS
Table 8.
0
B2F2 B2F1 B2F0
RS
FCR1L (0x0E 0004) SMOD = 1
1
RS
RS
RS
RS
RS
RS
RS
RS
RS
Flash control register 1 low
Bit
Function
SMOD = 0 (XFLASH selected)
B2F(2:0)
Bank 2 XFLASH sector 2:0 status
These bits must be set during a Sector Erase operation to select the sectors to erase
in Bank 2. Besides, during any erase operation, these bits are automatically set and
give the status of the three sectors of Bank 2 (B2F2-B2F0). The meaning of B2Fy bit
for sector y of Bank 2 is given by Table 10. These bits are automatically reset at the
end of a write operation if no errors are detected.
SMOD = 1 (IFLASH selected)
B0F(9:0)
Bank 0 IFLASH sector 9:0 status
These bits must be set during a Sector Erase operation to select the sectors to erase
in Bank 0. Besides, during any erase operation, these bits are automatically set and
give the status of the 10 sectors of Bank 0 (B0F9-B0F0). The meaning of B0Fy bit for
sector y of Bank 0 is given by Table 10. These bits are automatically reset at the end of
a Write operation if no errors are detected.
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
31/235
Internal Flash memory
4.3.4
ST10F276E
Flash control register 1 high
The Flash control register 1 high (FCR1H), together with Flash control register 1 low
(FCR1L), is used to select the sectors to erase, or during any write operation to monitor the
status of each sector and each bank of the module selected by SMOD bit of FCR0H. First
diagram shows FCR1H meaning when SMOD = 0; the second one when SMOD = 1.
FCR1H (0x0E 0006) SMOD = 0
15
14
13
12
11
FCR
10
Reserved
9
FCR1H (0x0E 0006) SMOD = 1
14
13
12
11
Reserved
-
Table 9.
7
6
B3S B2S
RS
15
8
Reset value: 0000h
10
9
4
3
2
Reserved
1
0
B3F1 B3F0
RS
RS
FCR
Reset value: 0000h
8
7
6
B1S B0S
RS
5
5
4
Reserved
RS
3
2
1
RS
0
B1F1 B1F0
RS
RS
Flash control register 1 high
Bit
Function
SMOD = 0 (XFLASH selected)
B3F(1:0)
Bank 3 XFLASH sector 1:0 status
During any erase operation, these bits are automatically set and give the status of the
two sectors of Bank 3 (B3F1-B3F0). The meaning of B3Fy bit for sector y of Bank 1 is
given by Table 10. These bits are automatically reset at the end of a erase operation if
no errors are detected.
B(3:2)S
Bank 3-2 status (XFLASH)
During any erase operation, these bits are automatically modified and give the status
of the two banks (B3-B2). The meaning of BxS bit for bank x is given in Table 10.
These bits are automatically reset at the end of a erase operation if no errors are
detected.
SMOD = 1 (IFLASH selected)
B1F(1:0)
Bank 1 IFLASH sector 1:0 status
During any erase operation, these bits are automatically set and give the status of the
two sectors of Bank 1 (B1F1-B1F0). The meaning of B1Fy bit for sector y of Bank 1 is
given by Table 10. These bits are automatically reset at the end of a erase operation if
no errors are detected.
B(1:0)S
Bank 1-0 status (IFLASH)
During any erase operation, these bits are automatically modified and give the status
of the two banks (B1-B0). The meaning of BxS bit for bank x is given in Table 10.
These bits are automatically reset at the end of a erase operation if no errors are
detected.
During any erase operation, these bits are automatically set and give the status of the two
sectors of Bank 1 (B1F1-B1F0). The meaning of B1Fy bit for sector y of Bank 1 is given by
Table 10. These bits are automatically reset at the end of a erase operation if no errors are
detected.
32/235
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
ST10F276E
Internal Flash memory
Table 10.
4.3.5
Banks (BxS) and sectors (BxFy) status bits meaning
ERR
SUSP
BxS = 1 meaning
BxFy = 1 meaning
1
-
Erase error in bank x
Erase error in sector y of bank x
0
1
Erase suspended in bank x
Erase suspended in sector y of bank x
0
0
Don’t care
Don’t care
Flash data register 0 low
The Flash address registers (FARH/L) and the Flash data registers (FDR1H/L-FDR0H/L)
are used during the program operations to store Flash Address in which to program and
data to program.
FDR0L (0x0E 0008)
15
14
FCR
13
12
11
10
DIN15 DIN14 DIN13 DIN12 DIN11 DIN10
RW
RW
Table 11.
RW
RW
RW
RW
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
DIN9
DIN8
DIN7
DIN6
DIN5
DIN4
DIN3
DIN2
DIN1
DIN0
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
Flash data register 0 low
Bit
DIN(15:0)
4.3.6
Reset value: FFFFh
9
Function
Data input 15:0
These bits must be written with the data to program the Flash with the following
operations: word program (32-bit), double word program (64-bit) and set protection.
Flash data register 0 high
FDR0H (0x0E 000A)
15
14
13
FCR
12
11
10
9
8
Reset value: FFFFh
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
DIN31 DIN30 DIN29 DIN28 DIN27 DIN26 DIN25 DIN24 DIN23 DIN22 DIN21 DIN20 DIN19 DIN18 DIN17 DIN16
RW
RW
Table 12.
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
4.3.7
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
Flash data register 0 high
Bit
DIN(31:16)
RW
Function
Data input 31:16
These bits must be written with the data to program the Flash with the following
operations: word program (32-bit), double word program (64-bit) and set protection.
Flash data register 1 low
FDR1L (0x0E 000C)
15
14
13
FCR
12
11
10
DIN15 DIN14 DIN13 DIN12 DIN11 DIN10
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
Reset value: FFFFh
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
DIN9
DIN8
DIN7
DIN6
DIN5
DIN4
DIN3
DIN2
DIN1
DIN0
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
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Internal Flash memory
Table 13.
4.3.8
ST10F276E
Flash data register 1 low
Bit
Function
DIN(15:0)
Data Input 15:0
These bits must be written with the Data to program the Flash with the following
operations: Word Program (32-bit), Double Word Program (64-bit) and Set Protection.
Flash data register 1 high
FDR1H (0x0E 000E)
15
14
13
FCR
12
11
10
9
8
Reset value: FFFFh
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
DIN31 DIN30 DIN29 DIN28 DIN27 DIN26 DIN25 DIN24 DIN23 DIN22 DIN21 DIN20 DIN19 DIN18 DIN17 DIN16
RW
RW
Table 14.
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
4.3.9
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
Function
Data input 31:16
These bits must be written with the data to program the Flash with the following
operations: word program (32-bit), double word program (64-bit) and set protection.
Flash address register low
FARL (0x0E 0010)
15
14
13
FCR
12
11
10
9
8
Reset value: 0000h
7
6
5
4
3
2
ADD15 ADD14 ADD13 ADD12 ADD11 ADD10 ADD9 ADD8 ADD7 ADD6 ADD5 ADD4 ADD3 ADD2
RW
RW
Table 15.
Bit
ADD(15:2)
34/235
RW
Flash data register 1 high
Bit
DIN(31:16)
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
1
Reserved
RW
Flash address register low
Function
Address 15:2
These bits must be written with the address of the Flash location to program in the
following operations: word program (32-bit) and double word program (64-bit). In
double word program bit ADD2 must be written to ‘0’.
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
0
ST10F276E
4.3.10
Internal Flash memory
Flash address register high
FARH (0x0E 0012)
15
14
13
FCR
12
11
10
9
8
Reset value: 0000h
7
6
5
Reserved
4
2
1
0
ADD20 ADD19 ADD18 ADD17 ADD16
RW
Table 16.
3
RW
RW
RW
RW
Flash address register high
Bit
Function
Address 20:16
ADD(20:16) These bits must be written with the address of the Flash location to program in the
following operations: word program and double word program.
4.3.11
Flash error register
Flash error register, as well as all the other Flash registers, can be properly read only once
LOCK bit of register FCR0L is low. Nevertheless, its content is updated when also BSY bits
are reset as well; for this reason, it is definitively meaningful reading FER register content
only when LOCK bit and all BSY bits are cleared.
FER (0xE 0014h)
15
14
13
FCR
12
11
10
Reserved
9
8
Bit
ERR
7
6
WPF RESER SEQER
RC
Table 17.
Reset value: 0000h
RC
RC
5
4
Reserved
3
2
1
10ER PGER ERER
RC
RC
RC
0
ERR
RC
Flash error register
Function
Write error
This bit is automatically set when an error occurs during a Flash write operation or
when a bad write operation setup is done. Once the error has been discovered and
understood, ERR bit must be software reset.
ERER
Erase error
This bit is automatically set when an erase error occurs during a Flash write operation.
This error is due to a real failure of a Flash cell, that can no more be erased. This kind
of error is fatal and the sector where it occurred must be discarded. This bit has to be
software reset.
PGER
Program error
This bit is automatically set when a program error occurs during a Flash write
operation. This error is due to a real failure of a Flash cell, that can no more be
programmed. The word where this error occurred must be discarded. This bit has to
be software reset.
10ER
1 over 0 error
This bit is automatically set when trying to program at 1 bits previously set at 0 (this
does not happen when programming the protection bits). This error is not due to a
failure of the Flash cell, but only flags that the desired data has not been written. This
bit has to be software reset.
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
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Internal Flash memory
Table 17.
ST10F276E
Flash error register (continued)
Bit
SEQER
Sequence error
This bit is automatically set when the control registers (FCR1H/L-FCR0H/L, FARH/L,
FDR1H/L-FDR0H/L) are not correctly filled to execute a valid write operation. in this
case no write operation is executed. This bit has to be software reset.
RESER
Resume error
This bit is automatically set when a suspended program or erase operation is not
resumed correctly due to a protocol error. In this case the suspended operation is
aborted. This bit has to be software reset.
WPF
4.3.12
Function
Write protection flag
This bit is automatically set when trying to program or erase in a sector write
protected. In case of multiple sector erase, the not protected sectors are erased, while
the protected sectors are not erased and bit WPF is set. This bit has to be software
reset.
XFlash interface control register
This register is used to configure the XFLASH interface behavior on the XBUS. It allows to
set the number of wait states introduced on the XBUS before the internal READY signal is
given to the ST10 bus master.
XFICR (0xE E000h)
15
14
13
XBUS
12
11
10
9
8
Reset value: 000Fh
7
6
Reserved
Table 18.
36/235
5
4
3
2
1
0
WS3
WS2
WS1
WS0
RW
RW
RW
RW
X-Flash interface control register
Bit
Function
WS(3:0)
Wait state setting
These three bits are the binary coding of the number of wait states introduced by the
XFLASH interface through the XBUS internal READY signal. Default value after reset
is 1111, that is the up to 15 wait states are set. The following recommendations for the
ST10F276E are hereafter reported:
For fCPU > 40MHz1 Wait-StateWS(3:0) = ‘0001’
For fCPU ≤ 40MHz0 Wait-StateWS(3:0) = ‘0000’
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
ST10F276E
4.4
Internal Flash memory
Protection strategy
The protection bits are stored in non-volatile Flash cells inside XFLASH module, that are
read once at reset and stored in 7 Volatile registers. Before they are read from the nonvolatile cells, all the available protections are forced active during reset.
The protections can be programmed using the Set Protection operation (see Flash Control
Registers paragraph), that can be executed from all the internal or external memories
except from the Flash Bank B2.
Two kind of protections are available: write protections to avoid unwanted writings and
access protections to avoid piracy. In next paragraphs all different level of protections are
shown, and architecture limitations are highlighted as well.
4.4.1
Protection registers
The seven non-volatile protection registers are one time programmable for the user.
Four registers (FNVWPXRL/H-FNVWPIRL/H) are used to store the Write Protection fuses
respectively for each sector of the XFLASH Module (see X) and IFLASH module (see I). The
other three Registers (FNVAPR0 and FNVAPR1L/H) are used to store the Access
Protection fuses (common to both Flash modules even though with some limitations).
4.4.2
Flash non-volatile write protection X register low
FNVWPXRL (0x0E DFB0)
15
14
W2PPR
13
12
NVR
11
10
9
8
Delivery value: FFFFh
7
6
5
Reserved
4
3
2
RW
Bit
W2P(2:0)
W2PPR
0
W2P2W2P1W2P0
RW
Table 19.
1
RW
RW
Flash non-volatile write protection X register low
Function
Write Protection Bank 2 sectors 2-0 (XFLASH)
These bits, if programmed at 0, disable any write access to the sectors of Bank 2
(XFLASH).
Write Protection Bank 2 non-volatile cells
This bit, if programmed at 0, disables any write access to the non-volatile cells of Bank
2. Since these non-volatile cells are dedicated to Protection registers, once W2PPR bit
is set, the configuration of protection setting is frozen, and can only be modified
executing a Temporary Write Unprotection operation.
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
37/235
Internal Flash memory
4.4.3
ST10F276E
Flash non-volatile write protection X register high
FNVWPXRH (0x0E DF B2)
15
14
13
12
NVR
11
10
9
8
Delivery value: FFFFh
7
6
5
4
3
2
Reserved
1
W3P1W3P0
RW
Table 20.
4.4.4
Function
Write Protection Bank 3 / Sectors 1-0 (XFLASH)
These bits, if programmed at 0, disable any write access to the sectors of Bank 3
(XFLASH).
Flash non-volatile write protection I register low
FNVWPIRL (0x0E DFB4)
15
14
13
12
NVR
11
10
Reserved
9
Table 21.
8
RW
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
Function
Write Protection Bank 0 / Sectors 9-0 (IFLASH)
These bits, if programmed at 0, disable any write access to the sectors of Bank 0
(IFLASH).
Flash non-volatile write protection I register high
FNVWPIRH (0x0E DFB6)
15
14
13
12
NVR
11
10
9
8
Delivery value: FFFFh
7
6
5
4
Reserved
3
2
1
Table 22.
Bit
W1P(1:0)
0
W1P1W1P0
RW
38/235
0
Flash non-volatile write protection I register low
Bit
W0P(9:0)
Delivery value: FFFFh
W0P9W0P8W0P7W0P6W0P5W0P4W0P3W0P2W0P1W0P0
RW
4.4.5
RW
Flash non-volatile write protection X register high
Bit
W3P(1:0)
0
Flash non-volatile write protection I register high
Function
Write Protection Bank 1 / Sectors 1-0 (IFLASH)
These bits, if programmed at 0, disable any write access to the sectors of Bank 1
(IFLASH).
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
RW
ST10F276E
4.4.6
Internal Flash memory
Flash non-volatile access protection register 0
Due to ST10 architecture, the XFLASH is seen as external memory: this made impossible to
access protect it from real external memory or internal RAM.
FNVAPR0 (0x0E DFB8)
15
14
13
12
NVR
11
10
9
8
Delivery value: ACFFh
7
6
5
4
3
2
Reserved
Table 23.
4.4.7
1
0
DBGP
ACCP
RW
RW
Flash non-volatile access protection register 0
Bit
Function
ACCP
Access Protection
This bit, if programmed at 0, disables any access (read/write) to data mapped inside
IFlash Module address space, unless the current instruction is fetched from one of the
two Flash modules.
DBGP
Debug Protection
This bit, if erased at 1, allows to by-pass all the protections using the Debug features
through the Test Interface. If programmed at 0, on the contrary, all the debug features,
the Test Interface and all the Flash Test Modes are disabled. Even STMicroelectronics
will not be able to access the device to run any eventual failure analysis.
Flash non-volatile access protection register 1 low
FNVAPR1L (0x0E DFBC)
15
14
13
12
NVR
11
10
9
PDS15 PDS14 PDS13 PDS12 PDS11 PDS10 PDS9
RW
RW
Table 24.
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
Delivery value: FFFFh
8
7
PDS8
PDS7
RW
RW
6
5
4
3
PDS6 PDS5
PDS4
PDS3
PDS2 PDS1
PDS0
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
2
1
RW
0
Flash non-volatile access protection register 1 low
Bit
Function
PDS(15:0)
Protections Disable 15-0
If bit PDSx is programmed at 0 and bit PENx is erased at 1, the action of bit ACCP is
disabled. Bit PDS0 can be programmed at 0 only if bits DBGP and ACCP have already
been programmed at 0. Bit PDSx can be programmed at 0 only if bit PENx-1 has
already been programmed at 0.
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
39/235
Internal Flash memory
4.4.8
ST10F276E
Flash non-volatile access protection register 1 high
FNVAPR1H (0x0E DFBE)
15
14
13
12
NVR
11
10
9
PEN15 PEN14 PEN13 PEN12 PEN11 PEN10 PEN9
RW
RW
Table 25.
4.4.9
RW
RW
RW
RW
Delivery value: FFFFh
8
7
PEN8
PEN7
RW
RW
RW
6
5
4
3
PEN6 PEN5
PEN4
PEN3
PEN2 PEN1
PEN0
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
2
1
RW
0
Flash non-volatile access protection register 1 high
Bit
Function
PEN15-0
Protections Enable 15-0
If bit PENx is programmed at 0 and bit PDSx+1 is erased at 1, the action of bit ACCP
is enabled again. Bit PENx can be programmed at 0 only if bit PDSx has already been
programmed at 0.
Access protection
The Flash modules have one level of access protection (access to data both in Reading and
Writing): if bit ACCP of FNVAPR0 is programmed at 0, the IFlash module become access
protected: data in the IFlash module can be read/written only if the current execution is from
the IFlash module itself.
Protection can be permanently disabled by programming bit PDS0 of FNVAPR1H, in order
to analyze rejects. Allowing PDS0 bit programming only when ACCP bit is programmed,
guarantees that only an execution from the Flash itself can disable the protections.
Protection can be permanently enabled again by programming bit PEN0 of FNVAPR1L. The
action to disable and enable again Access Protections in a permanent way can be executed
a maximum of 16 times.
Trying to write into the access protected Flash from internal RAM will be unsuccessful.
Trying to read into the access protected Flash from internal RAM will output a dummy data.
When the Flash module is protected in access, also the data access through PEC of a
peripheral is forbidden. To read/write data in PEC mode from/to a protected bank, first it is
necessary to temporary unprotect the Flash module.
Due to ST10 architecture, the XFLASH is seen as external memory: this makes impossible
to access protect it from real external memory or internal RAM. Table 26 summarizes all
levels of possible Access protection: in particular, supposing to enable all possible access
protections, when fetching from a memory as listed in the first column, what is possible and
what is not possible to do (see column headers) is shown in the table.
Table 26.
Summary of access protection level
Read IFLASH/
Jump to
IFLASH
Read XFLASH/
Jump to
XFLASH
Read FLASH
Registers
Write FLASH
Registers
Fetching from IFLASH
Yes / Yes
Yes / Yes
Yes
Yes
Fetching from XFLASH
No / Yes
Yes / Yes
Yes
No
Fetching from IRAM
No / Yes
Yes / Yes
Yes
No
Memory fetch source
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ST10F276E
Internal Flash memory
Table 26.
Summary of access protection level (continued)
Read IFLASH/
Jump to
IFLASH
Read XFLASH/
Jump to
XFLASH
Read FLASH
Registers
Write FLASH
Registers
Fetching from XRAM
No / Yes
Yes / Yes
Yes
No
Fetching from External
Memory
No / Yes
Yes / Yes
Yes
No
Memory fetch source
4.4.10
Write protection
The Flash modules have one level of Write Protections: each sector of each bank of each
Flash Module can be Software Write Protected by programming at 0 the related bit WyPx of
FNVWPXRH/L-FNVWPIRH/L registers.
4.4.11
Temporary unprotection
Bits WyPx of FNVWPXRH/L-FNVWPIRH/L can be temporary unprotected by executing the
Set Protection operation and writing 1 into these bits.
Bit ACCP can be temporary unprotected by executing the Set Protection operation and
writing 1 into these bits, but only if these write instructions are executed from the Flash
Modules.
To restore the write and access protection bits it is necessary to reset the microcontroller or
to execute a Set Protection operation and write 0 into the desired bits.
It is not necessary to temporary unprotect an access protected Flash in order to update the
code: it is, in fact, sufficient to execute the updating instructions from another Flash bank.
In reality, when a temporary unprotection operation is executed, the corresponding volatile
register is written to 1, while the non-volatile registers bits previously written to 0 (for a
protection set operation), will continue to maintain the 0. For this reason, the User software
must be in charge to track the current protection status (for instance using a specific RAM
area), it is not possible to deduce it by reading the non-volatile register content (a temporary
unprotection cannot be detected).
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Internal Flash memory
4.5
ST10F276E
Write operation examples
In this section, examples for each kind of Flash write operation are presented.
Word program
Example: 32-bit Word Program of data 0xAAAAAAAA at address 0x0C5554 in XFLASH
Module.
FCR0H|= 0x2000; /*Set WPG in FCR0H*/
FARL = 0x5554; /*Load Add in FARL*/
FARH = 0x000C; /*Load Add in FARH*/
FDR0L = 0xAAAA; /*Load Data in FDR0L*/
FDR0H = 0xAAAA; /*Load Data in FDR0H*/
FCR0H|= 0x8000; /*Operation start*/
Double word program
Example: Double Word Program (64-bit) of data 0x55AA55AA at address 0x095558 and
data 0xAA55AA55 at address 0x09555C in IFLASH Module.
FCR0H|=
FARL =
FARH =
FDR0L =
FDR0H =
FDR1L =
FDR1H =
FCR0H|=
0x1080;
0x5558;
0x0009;
0x55AA;
0x55AA;
0xAA55;
0xAA55;
0x8000;
/*Set DWPG, SMOD*/
/*Load Add in FARL*/
/*Load Add in FARH*/
/*Load Data in FDR0L*/
/*Load Data in FDR0H*/
/*Load Data in FDR1L*/
/*Load Data in FDR1H*/
/*Operation start*/
Double Word Program is always performed on the Double Word aligned on a even Word: bit
ADD2 of FARL is ignored.
Sector erase
Example: Sector Erase of sectors B3F1 and B3F0 of Bank 3 in XFLASH Module.
FCR0H|= 0x0800; /*Set SER in FCR0H*/
FCR1H|= 0x0003; /*Set B3F1, B3F0*/
FCR0H|= 0x8000; /*Operation start*/
Suspend and resume
Word Program, Double Word Program, and Sector Erase operations can be suspended in
the following way:
FCR0H|= 0x4000; /*Set SUSP in FCR0H*/
Then the operation can be resumed in the following way:
FCR0H|= 0x0800; /*Set SER in FCR0H*/
FCR0H|= 0x8000; /*Operation resume*/
Before resuming a suspended Erase, FCR1H/FCR1L must be read to check if the Erase is
already completed (FCR1H = FCR1L = 0x0000 if Erase is complete). Original setup of
Select Operation bits in FCR0H/L must be restored before the operation resume, otherwise
the operation is aborted and bit RESER of FER is set.
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Internal Flash memory
Erase suspend, program and resume
A Sector Erase operation can be suspended in order to program (Word or Double Word)
another sector.
Example: Sector Erase of sector B3F1 of Bank 3 in XFLASH Module.
FCR0H|= 0x0800;/*Set SER in FCR0H*/
FCR1H|= 0x0002;/*Set B3F1*/
FCR0H|= 0x8000;/*Operation start*/
Example: Sector Erase Suspend.
FCR0H|=
do
{tmp1 =
tmp2 =
} while
0x4000;/*Set SUSP in FCR0H*/
/*Loop to wait for LOCK=0 and WMS=0*/
FCR0L;
FCR0H;
((tmp1 && 0x0010) || (tmp2 && 0x8000));
Example: Word Program of data 0x5555AAAA at address 0x0C5554 in XFLASH module.
FCR0H&= 0xBFFF;/*Rst SUSP in FCR0H*/
FCR0H|= 0x2000;/*Set WPG in FCR0H*/
FARL = 0x5554; /*Load Add in FARL*/
FARH = 0x000C; /*Load Add in FARH*/
FDR0L = 0xAAAA; /*Load Data in FDR0L*/
FDR0H = 0x5555; /*Load Data in FDR0H*/
FCR0H|= 0x8000; /*Operation start*/
Once the Program operation is finished, the Erase operation can be resumed in the
following way:
FCR0H|= 0x0800;/*Set SER in FCR0H*/
FCR0H|= 0x8000;/*Operation resume*/
Notice that during the Program Operation in Erase suspend, bits SER and SUSP are low. A
Word or Double Word Program during Erase Suspend cannot be suspended.
To summarize:
●
A Sector Erase can be suspended by setting SUSP bit
●
To perform a Word Program operation during Erase Suspend, firstly bits SUSP and
SER must be reset, then bit WPG and WMS can be set
●
To resume the Sector Erase operation bit SER must be set again
●
In any case it is forbidden to start any write operation with SUSP bit already set
Set protection
Example 1: Enable Write Protection of sectors B0F3-0 of Bank 0 in IFLASH module.
FCR0H|= 0x0100;/*Set SPR in FCR0H*/
FARL = 0xDFB4;/*Load Add of register FNVWPIRL in FARL*/
FARH = 0x000E;/*Load Add of register FNVWPIRL in FARH*/
FDR0L = 0xFFF0;/*Load Data in FDR0L*/
FDR0H = 0xFFFF;/*Load Data in FDR0H*/
FCR0H|= 0x8000;/*Operation start*/
Notice that bit SMOD of FCR0H must not be set, since Write Protection bits of IFLASH
Module are stored in Test-Flash (XFLASH Module).
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Internal Flash memory
ST10F276E
Example 2: Enable Access and Debug Protection.
FCR0H|= 0x0100;/*Set SPR in FCR0H*/
FARL = 0xDFB8;/*Load Add of register FNVAPR0 in FARL*/
FARH = 0x000E;/*Load Add of register FNVAPR0 in FARH*/
FDR0L = 0xFFFC;/*Load Data in FDR0L*/
FCR0H|= 0x8000;/*Operation start*/
Example 3: Disable in a permanent way Access and Debug Protection.
FCR0H|= 0x0100;/*Set SPR in FCR0H*/
FARL = 0xDFBC;/*Load Add of register FNVAPR1L in FARL*/
FARH = 0x000E;/*Load Add of register FNVAPR1L in FARH*/
FDR0L = 0xFFFE; /*Load Data in FDR0L for clearing PDS0*/
FCR0H|= 0x8000;/*Operation start*/
Example 4: Enable again in a permanent way Access and Debug Protection, after having
disabled them.
FCR0H|= 0x0100;/*Set SPR in FCR0H*/
FARL = 0xDFBC;/*Load Add register FNVAPR1H in FARL*/
FARH = 0x000E;/*Load Add register FNVAPR1H in FARH*/
FDR0H = 0xFFFE;/*Load Data in FDR0H for clearing PEN0*/
FCR0H|= 0x8000;/*Operation start*/
Disable and re-enable of Access and Debug Protection in a permanent way (as shown by
examples 3 and 4) can be done for a maximum of 16 times.
4.6
Write operation summary
In general, each write operation is started through a sequence of three steps:
1.
The first instruction is used to select the desired operation by setting its corresponding
selection bit in the Flash Control Register 0. This instruction is also used to select in
which Flash Module to apply the Write Operation (by setting/resetting bit SMOD).
2.
The second step is the definition of the Address and Data for programming or the
Sectors or Banks to erase.
3.
The last instruction is used to start the write operation, by setting the start bit WMS in
the FCR0.
Once selected, but not yet started, one operation can be canceled by resetting the operation
selection bit.
A summary of the available Flash Module Write Operations is shown in Table 27.
Table 27.
Flash write operations
Operation
Word Program (32-bit)
Double Word Program (64-bit)
Sector Erase
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Select bit
Address and data
Start bit
WPG
FARL/FARH
FDR0L/FDR0H
WMS
DWPG
FARL/FARH
FDR0L/FDR0H
FDR1L/FDR1H
WMS
SER
FCR1L/FCR1H
WMS
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
ST10F276E
Internal Flash memory
Table 27.
Flash write operations (continued)
Operation
Set Protection
Program/Erase Suspend
Select bit
Address and data
Start bit
SPR
FDR0L/FDR0H
WMS
SUSP
None
None
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Bootstrap loader
5
ST10F276E
Bootstrap loader
ST10F276E implements innovative boot capabilities in order to
5.1
●
support a user defined bootstrap (see Alternate bootstrap loader);
●
support bootstrap via UART or bootstrap via CAN for the standard bootstrap.
Selection among user-code, standard or alternate bootstrap
The selection among user-code, standard bootstrap or alternate bootstrap is made by
special combinations on Port0L[5...4] during the time the reset configuration is latched from
Port0.
The alternate boot mode is triggered with a special combination set on Port0L[5...4]. Those
signals, as other configuration signals, are latched on the rising edge of RSTIN pin.
The alternate boot function is divided in two functional parts (which are independent from
each other):
Part 1: Selection of reset sequence according to the Port0 configuration: User mode and
alternate mode signatures
●
Decoding of reset configuration (P0L.5 = 1, P0L.4 = 1) selects the normal mode and
the user Flash to be mapped from address 00’0000h.
●
Decoding of reset configuration (P0L.5 = 1, P0L.4 = 0) selects ST10 standard bootstrap
mode (Test-Flash is active and overlaps user Flash for code fetches from address
00'0000h; user Flash is active and available for read and program).
●
Decoding of reset configuration (P0L.5 = 0, P0L.4 = 1) activates new verifications to
select which bootstrap software to execute:
–
if the user mode signature in the user Flash is programmed correctly, then a
software reset sequence is selected and the user code is executed;
–
if the user mode signature is not programmed correctly but the alternate mode
signature in the user Flash is programmed correctly, then the alternate boot mode
is selected;
–
if both the user and the alternate mode signatures are not programmed correctly in
the user Flash, then the user key location is read again. Its value will determine
the behavior of the selected bootstrap loader.
Part 2: Running of user selected reset sequence
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●
Standard bootstrap loader: Jump to a predefined memory location in Test-Flash
(controlled by ST)
●
Alternate boot mode: Jump to address 09’0000h
●
Selective bootstrap loader: Jump to a predefined location in Test-Flash (controlled by
ST) and check which communication channel is selected
●
User code: Make a software reset and jump to 00’0000h
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
ST10F276E
Bootstrap loader
Table 28.
5.2
ST10F276E boot mode selection
P0.5
P0.4
ST10 decoding
1
1
User mode: User Flash mapped at 00’0000h
1
0
Standard bootstrap loader: User Flash mapped from 00’0000h; code fetches
redirected to Test-Flash at 00’0000h
0
1
Alternate boot mode: Flash mapping depends on signatures integrity check
0
0
Reserved
Standard bootstrap loader
The built-in bootstrap loader of the ST10F276E provides a mechanism to load the startup
program, which is executed after reset, via the serial interface. In this case no external
(ROM) memory or an internal ROM is required for the initialization code starting at location
00’0000H. The bootstrap loader moves code/data into the IRAM but it is also possible to
transfer data via the serial interface into an external RAM using a second level loader
routine. ROM memory (internal or external) is not necessary. However, it may be used to
provide lookup tables or may provide “core-code”, that is, a set of general purpose
subroutines, such as for I/O operations, number crunching or system initialization.
The Bootstrap Loader can load
●
the complete application software into ROMless systems,
●
temporary software into complete systems for testing or calibration,
●
a programming routine for Flash devices.
The BSL mechanism may be used for standard system start-up as well as for only special
occasions like system maintenance (firmware update) or end-of-line programming or
testing.
5.2.1
Entering the standard bootstrap loader
As with the old ST10 bootstrap mode, the ST10F276E enters BSL mode if pin P0L.4 is
sampled low at the end of a hardware reset. In this case, the built-in bootstrap loader is
activated independently of the selected bus mode. The bootstrap loader code is stored in a
special Test-Flash; no part of the standard Flash memory area is required for this.
After entering BSL mode and the respective initialization, the ST10F276E scans the RxD0
line and the CAN1_RxD line to receive either a valid dominant bit from the CAN interface or
a start condition from the UART line.
Start condition on UART RxD: The ST10F276E starts the standard bootstrap loader. This
bootstrap loader is identical to other ST10 devices (Examples: ST10F269, ST10F168). See
Section 5.3 for details.
Valid dominant bit on CAN1 RxD: The ST10F276E starts bootstrapping via CAN1; the
bootstrapping method is new and is described in Section 5.4. Figure 5 shows the program
flow of the new bootstrap loader. It clearly illustrates how the new functionalities are
implemented:
●
UART: UART has priority over CAN after a falling edge on CAN1_RxD until the first
valid rising edge on CAN1_RxD;
●
CAN: Pulses on CAN1_RxD shorter than 20*CPU-cycles are filtered.
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Bootstrap loader
5.2.2
ST10F276E
ST10 configuration in BSL
When the ST10F276E has entered BSL mode, the configuration shown in Table 29 is
automatically set (values that deviate from the normal reset values are marked in bold).
Table 29.
ST10 configuration in BSL mode
Function or register
Access
Notes
Watchdog Timer
Disabled
Register SYSCON
0404H (1)
Context Pointer CP
FA00H
Register STKUN
FC00H
Stack Pointer SP
FA40H
Register STKOV
FA00H
Register BUSCON0
acc. to startup config.(2)
Register S0CON
8011H
Initialized only if Bootstrap via UART
Register S0BG
acc. to ‘00’ byte
Initialized only if Bootstrap via UART
P3.10 / TXD0
‘1’
Initialized only if Bootstrap via UART
DP3.10
‘1’
Initialized only if Bootstrap via UART
CAN1 Status/Control
Register
0000H
Initialized only if Bootstrap via CAN
CAN1 Bit Timing Register
acc. to ‘0’ frame
Initialized only if Bootstrap via CAN
XPERCON
042DH
XRAM1-2, XFlash, CAN1 and XMISC
enabled. Initialized only if Bootstrap via CAN
P4.6 / CAN1_TxD
‘1’
Initialized only if Bootstrap via CAN
DP4.6
‘1’
Initialized only if Bootstrap via CAN
XPEN bit set for Bootstrap via CAN or
Alternate Boot Mode
1. In Bootstrap modes (standard or alternate) ROMEN, bit 10 of SYSCON, is always set regardless of EA pin
level. BYTDIS, bit 9 of SYSCON, is set according to data bus width selection via Port0 configuration.
2. BUSCON0 is initialized with 0000h, external bus disabled, if pin EA is high during reset. If pin EA is low
during reset, BUSACT0, bit 10, and ALECTL0, bit 9, are set enabling the external bus with lengthened ALE
signal. BTYP field, bit 7 and 6, is set according to Port0 configuration.
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ST10F276E
Figure 5.
Bootstrap loader
ST10F276E new standard bootstrap loader program flow
34!24
&ALLING
EDGEON
5!242X$
.O
&ALLING
EDGEON
#!.2X$
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5!24"//4
3TARTTIMER04
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)NITIALIZE5!24
3ENDACKNOWLEDGE
!DDRESS &!H
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'LITCHON#!.2X$
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!DDRESS !DDRESS
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#!.2X$
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3TOPTIMER04
)NITIALIZE#!.
!DDRESS &!H
#!."//4
5!24"//4
*UMPTOADDRESS&!H
'!0'2)
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Bootstrap loader
ST10F276E
Other than after a normal reset the watchdog timer is disabled, so the bootstrap loading
sequence is not time limited. Depending on the selected serial link (UART0 or CAN1), pin
TxD0 or CAN1_TxD is configured as output, so the ST10F276E can return the acknowledge
byte. Even if the internal IFLASH is enabled, a code cannot be executed from it.
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5.2.3
Bootstrap loader
Booting steps
As Figure 6 shows, booting ST10F276E with the boot loader code occurs in a minimum of
four steps:
1.
The ST10F276E is reset with P0L.4 low.
2.
The internal new bootstrap code runs on the ST10 and a first level user code is
downloaded from the external device, via the selected serial link (UART0 or CAN1).
The bootstrap code is contained in the ST10F276E Test-Flash and is automatically run
when ST10F276E is reset with P0L.4 low. After loading a preselected number of bytes,
ST10F276E begins executing the downloaded program.
3.
The first level user code runs on ST10F276E. Typically, this first level user code is
another loader that downloads the application software into the ST10F276E.
4.
The loaded application software is now running.
3TEP
%XTERNALDEVICE
$OWNLOAD
&IRSTLEVELUSERCODE
,OADINGFIRSTLEVELUSERCODE
3TEP
%XTERNALDEVICE
,OADINGTHEAPPLICATION
ANDEXITING"3,
3TEP
%XTERNALDEVICE
$OWNLOAD
!PPLICATION
3ERIAL
,INK
%XTERNALDEVICE
34&%
34&%
3ERIAL
,INK
3TEP
%NTERINGBOOTSTRAP
3ERIAL
,INK
Booting steps for ST10F276E
3ERIAL
,INK
Figure 6.
2UNBOOTSTRAPCODE
FROM4EST
&LASH
34&%
2UNFIRSTLEVELCODE
FROM$02!&!H
34&%
2UNAPPLICATIONCODE
'!0'2)
5.2.4
Hardware to activate BSL
The hardware that activates the BSL during reset may be a simple pull-down resistor on
P0L.4 for systems that use this feature at every hardware reset. For systems that use the
bootstrap loader only temporarily, it may be preferable to use a switchable solution (via
jumper or an external signal).
Note:
CAN alternate function on Port4 lines is not activated if the user has selected eight address
segments (Port4 pins have three functions: I/O port, address segment and CAN). Boot via
CAN requires that four or less address segments are selected.
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Bootstrap loader
Figure 7.
ST10F276E
Hardware provisions to activate the BSL
%XTERNAL
SIGNAL
.ORMALBOOT
0,
0,
20,
K:MAX
"3,
20,
K:MAX
#IRCUIT
#IRCUIT
'!0'2)
5.2.5
Memory configuration in bootstrap loader mode
The configuration (that is, the accessibility) of the ST10F276E’s memory areas after reset in
Bootstrap Loader mode differs from the standard case. Pin EA is evaluated when BSL mode
is selected to enable or to not enable the external bus:
●
If EA = 1, the external bus is disabled (BUSACT0 = 0 in BUSCON0 register);
●
If EA = 0, the external bus is enabled (BUSACT0 = 1 in BUSCON0 register).
Moreover, while in BSL mode, accesses to the internal IFLASH area are partially redirected:
●
All code accesses are made from the special Test-Flash seen in the range 00’0000h to
00’01FFFh;
●
User IFLASH is only available for read and write accesses (Test-Flash cannot be read
or written);
●
Write accesses must be made with addresses starting in segment 1 from 01'0000h,
regardless of the value of ROMS1 bit in SYSCON register;
●
Read accesses are made in segment 0 or in segment 1 depending on the ROMS1
value;
●
In BSL mode, by default, ROMS1 = 0, so the first 32 Kbytes of IFlash are mapped in
segment 0.
Example:
In default configuration, to program address 0, the user must put the value 01'0000h in
the FARL and FARH registers but to verify the content of the address 0 a read to
00'0000h must be performed.
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ST10F276E
Bootstrap loader
16 Mbytes
1
int.
RAM
int.
RAM
user Flash
access to
int. Flash
enabled
1
Depends on
reset config.
(EA, P0)
int.
RAM
0
Test-Flash
user Flash
0
Test-Flash
access to
external
bus
enabled
0
access to
int. Flash
enabled
user Flash
access to
external
bus
1 disabled
16 Mbytes
255
16 Mbytes
255
Memory configuration after reset
255
Figure 8.
Depends on
reset config.
BSL mode active
Yes (P0L.4 = ‘0’)
Yes (P0L.4 = ‘0’)
No (P0L.4 = ‘1’)
EA pin
High
Low
According to application
Code fetch from
internal Flash area
Test-Flash access
Test-Flash access
User IFLASH access
Data fetch from
internal Flash area
User IFLASH access
User IFLASH access
User IFLASH access
Note:
As long as ST10F276E is in BSL, the user’s software should not try to execute code from
the internal IFlash, as the fetches are redirected to the Test-Flash.
5.2.6
Loading the start-up code
After the serial link initialization sequence (see following chapters), the BSL enters a loop to
receive 32 bytes (boot via UART) or 128 bytes (boot via CAN).
These bytes are stored sequentially into ST10F276E Dual-Port RAM from location
00’FA40h.
To execute the loaded code, the BSL then jumps to location 00’FA40h. The bootstrap
sequence running from the Test-Flash is now terminated; however, the microcontroller
remains in BSL mode.
Most probably, the initially loaded routine, being the first level user code, will load additional
code and data. This first level user code may use the pre-initialized interface (UART or CAN)
to receive data and a second level of code, and store it in arbitrary user-defined locations.
This second level of code may be
●
the final application code
●
another, more sophisticated, loader routine that adds a transmission protocol to
enhance the integrity of the loaded code or data
●
a code sequence to change the system configuration and enable the bus interface to
store the received data into external memory
In all cases, the ST10F276E still runs in BSL mode, that is, with the watchdog timer disabled
and limited access to the internal IFLASH area.
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Bootstrap loader
5.2.7
ST10F276E
Exiting bootstrap loader mode
To execute a program in normal mode, the BSL mode must first be terminated. The
ST10F276E exits BSL mode at a software reset (level on P0L.4 is ignored) or a hardware
reset (P0L.4 must be high in this case). After the reset, the ST10F276E starts executing
from location 00’0000H of the internal Flash (User Flash) or the external memory, as
programmed via pin EA.
Note:
If a bidirectional software reset is executed and external memory boot is selected (EA = 0),
a degeneration of the software reset event into a hardware reset can occur (refer to
Section 19.3: Synchronous reset (warm reset) for details). This implies that P0L.4 becomes
transparent, so to exit from Bootstrap mode it would be necessary to release pin P0L.4 (it is
no longer ignored).
5.2.8
Hardware requirements
Although the new bootstrap loader is designed to be compatible with the old bootstrap
loader, there are a few hardware requirements relative to the new bootstrap loader:
–
External Bus configuration: Must have four or less segment address lines (keep
CAN I/Os available);
–
Usage of CAN pins (P4.5 and P4.6): Even in bootstrap via UART, P4.5
(CAN1_RxD) can be used as Port input but not as output. The pin P4.6
(CAN1_TxD) can be used as input or output.
–
Level on UART RxD and CAN1_RxD during the bootstrap phase (see Figure 6 Step 2): Must be 1 (external pull-ups recommended).
5.3
Standard bootstrap with UART (RS232 or K-Line)
5.3.1
Features
ST10F276E bootstrap via UART has the same overall behavior as the old ST10 bootstrap
via UART:
54/235
●
Same bootstrapping steps
●
Same bootstrap method: Analyze the timing of a predefined byte, send back an
acknowledge byte, load a fixed number of bytes and run
●
Same functionalities: Boot with different crystals and PLL ratios
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
ST10F276E
Bootstrap loader
Figure 9.
UART bootstrap loader sequence
234).
0,
2X$
4X$
#30)0
)NT"OOT2/-4EST
&LASH"3,
ROUTINE
BYTES
USERSOFTWARE
'!0'2)
1. BSL initialization time, > 1ms @ fCPU = 40 MHz
2. Zero byte (1 start bit, eight ‘0’ data bits, 1 stop bit), sent by host
3. Acknowledge byte, sent by ST10F276E
4. 32 bytes of code / data, sent by host
5. Caution: TxD0 is only driven a certain time after reception of the zero byte (1.3ms @ fCPU = 40 MHz).
6. Internal Boot ROM / Test-Flash
5.3.2
Entering bootstrap via UART
The ST10F276E enters BSL mode if pin P0L.4 is sampled low at the end of a hardware
reset. In this case, the built-in bootstrap loader is activated independently of the selected
bus mode. The bootstrap loader code is stored in a special Test-Flash; no part of the
standard mask ROM or Flash memory area is required for this.
After entering BSL mode and the respective initialization, the ST10F276E scans the RxD0
line to receive a zero byte, that is, 1 start bit, eight ‘0’ data bits and 1 stop bit. From the
duration of this zero byte, it calculates the corresponding baud rate factor with respect to the
current CPU clock, initializes the serial interface ASC0 accordingly and switches pin TxD0 to
output. Using this baud rate, an acknowledge byte is returned to the host that provides the
loaded data.
The acknowledge byte is D5h for the ST10F276E.
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Bootstrap loader
5.3.3
ST10F276E
ST10 Configuration in UART BSL (RS232 or K-Line)
When the ST10F276E enters BSL mode on UART, the configuration shown in Table 30 is
automatically set (values that deviate from the normal reset values are marked in bold).
Table 30.
ST10 configuration in UART BSL mode (RS232 or K-line)
Function or register
Access
Notes
Watchdog timer
Disabled
Register SYSCON
0400H(1)
Context Pointer CP
FA00H
Register STKUN
FA00H
Stack Pointer SP
FA40H
Register STKOV
FC00H
Register BUSCON0
acc. to startup config.(2)
Register S0CON
8011H
Initialized only if Bootstrap via UART
Register S0BG
acc. to ‘00’ byte
Initialized only if Bootstrap via UART
P3.10 / TXD0
‘1’
Initialized only if Bootstrap via UART
DP3.10
‘1’
Initialized only if Bootstrap via UART
1. In Bootstrap modes (standard or alternate) ROMEN, bit 10 of SYSCON, is always set regardless of EA pin
level. BYTDIS, bit 9 of SYSCON, is set according to data bus width selection via Port0 configuration.
2. BUSCON0 is initialized with 0000h, external bus disabled, if pin EA is high during reset. If pin EA is low
during reset, BUSACT0, bit 10, and ALECTL0, bit 9, are set enabling the external bus with lengthened ALE
signal. BTYP field, bit 7 and 6, is set according to Port0 configuration.
Other than after a normal reset, the watchdog timer is disabled, so the bootstrap loading
sequence is not time limited. Pin TxD0 is configured as output, so the ST10F276E can
return the acknowledge byte. Even if the internal IFLASH is enabled, a code cannot be
executed from it.
5.3.4
Loading the start-up code
After sending the acknowledge byte, the BSL enters a loop to receive 32 bytes via ASC0.
These bytes are stored sequentially into locations 00’FA40H through 00’FA5FH of the IRAM,
allowing up to 16 instructions to be placed into the RAM area. To execute the loaded code
the BSL then jumps to location 00’FA40H, that is, the first loaded instruction. The bootstrap
loading sequence is now terminated; however, the ST10F276E remains in BSL mode. The
initially loaded routine will most probably load additional code or data, as an average
application is likely to require substantially more than 16 instructions. This second receive
loop may directly use the pre-initialized interface ASC0 to receive data and store it in
arbitrary user-defined locations.
This second level of loaded code may be
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●
the final application code
●
another, more sophisticated, loader routine that adds a transmission protocol to
enhance the integrity of the loaded code or data
●
a code sequence to change the system configuration and enable the bus interface to
store the received data into external memory
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
ST10F276E
Bootstrap loader
This process may go through several iterations or may directly execute the final application.
In all cases the ST10F276E still runs in BSL mode, that is, with the watchdog timer disabled
and limited access to the internal Flash area. All code fetches from the internal IFLASH area
(01’0000H...08’FFFFH) are redirected to the special Test-Flash. Data read operations
access the internal Flash of the ST10F276E.
5.3.5
Choosing the baud rate for the BSL via UART
The calculation of the serial baud rate for ASC0 from the length of the first zero byte that is
received allows the operation of the bootstrap loader of the ST10F276E with a wide range of
baud rates. However, the upper and lower limits must be kept to ensure proper data transfer.
Equation 1
BST10F276E
f CPU
= ------------------------------------------32 ⋅ ( S0BRL + 1 )
The ST10F276E uses timer T6 to measure the length of the initial zero byte. The
quantization uncertainty of this measurement implies the first deviation from the real baud
rate; the next deviation is implied by the computation of the S0BRL reload value from the
timer contents. The formula below shows the association:
Equation 2
T6 – 36
S0BRL = -------------------72
9 f CPU
, T6 = -- ⋅ --------------4 B Host
For a correct data transfer from the host to the ST10F276E, the maximum deviation
between the internal initialized baud rate for ASC0 and the real baud rate of the host should
be below 2.5%. The deviation (FB, in percent) between host baud rate and ST10F276E
baud rate can be calculated using the formula below:
Equation 3
FB
Note:
B Contr – B Host
= --------------------------------------- ⋅ 100 % , F B ≤ 2.5%
B
Contr
Function (FB) does not consider the tolerances of oscillators and other devices supporting
the serial communication.
This baud rate deviation is a nonlinear function depending on the CPU clock and the baud
rate of the host. The maxima of the function (FB) increases with the host baud rate due to
the smaller baud rate prescaler factors and the implied higher quantization error (see
Figure 10).
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Bootstrap loader
ST10F276E
Figure 10. Baud rate deviation between host and ST10F276E
)
&"
",OW
"(IGH
"(/34
))
'!0'2)
The minimum baud rate (BLow in Figure 10) is determined by the maximum count capacity
of timer T6, when measuring the zero byte, that is, it depends on the CPU clock. Using the
maximum T6 count 216 in the formula the minimum baud rate is calculated. The lowest
standard baud rate in this case would be 1200 baud. Baud rates below BLow would cause
T6 to overflow. In this case, ASC0 cannot be initialized properly.
The maximum baud rate (BHigh in Figure 10) is the highest baud rate where the deviation
still does not exceed the limit, that is, all baud rates between BLow and BHigh are below the
deviation limit. The maximum standard baud rate that fulfills this requirement is 19200 baud.
Higher baud rates, however, may be used as long as the actual deviation does not exceed
the limit. A certain baud rate (marked “I” in Figure 10) may, for example, violate the deviation
limit, while an even higher baud rate (marked “II” in Figure 10) stays well below it. This
depends on the host interface.
5.4
Standard bootstrap with CAN
5.4.1
Features
The bootstrap via CAN has the same overall behavior as the bootstrap via UART:
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●
Same bootstrapping steps;
●
Same bootstrap method: Analyze the timing of a predefined frame, send back an
acknowledge frame BUT only on request, load a fixed number of bytes and run;
●
Same functionalities: Boot with different crystals and PLL ratios.
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
ST10F276E
Bootstrap loader
Figure 11.
CAN bootstrap loader sequence
234).
0,
#!.?2X$
#!.?4X$
#30)0
)NT"OOT2/-4EST
&LASH"3,
ROUTINE
BYTES
USERSOFTWARE
'!0'2)
1. BSL initialization time, > 1ms @ fCPU = 40 MHz
2. Zero frame (CAN message: standard ID = 0, DLC = 0), sent by host
3. CAN message (standard ID = E6h, DLC = 3, Data0 = D5h, Data1-Data2 = IDCHIP_low-high), sent by
ST10F276E on request
4. 128 bytes of code / data, sent by host
5. Caution: CAN1_TxD is only driven a certain time after reception of the zero byte (1.3ms @ fCPU = 40 MHz).
6. Internal Boot ROM / Test-Flash
The Bootstrap Loader can load
●
the complete application software into ROM-less systems,
●
temporary software into complete systems for testing or calibration,
●
a programming routine for Flash devices.
The BSL mechanism may be used for standard system start-up as well as for only special
occasions like system maintenance (firmware update) or end-of-line programming or
testing.
5.4.2
Entering the CAN bootstrap loader
The ST10F276E enters BSL mode if pin P0L.4 is sampled low at the end of a hardware
reset. In this case, the built-in bootstrap loader is activated independently of the selected
bus mode. The bootstrap loader code is stored in a special Test-Flash; no part of the
standard mask ROM or Flash memory area is required for this.
After entering BSL mode and the respective initialization, the ST10F276E scans the
CAN1_TxD line to receive the following initialization frame:
●
Standard identifier = 0h
●
DLC = 0h
As all the bits to be transmitted are dominant bits, a succession of 5 dominant bits and 1
stuff bit on the CAN network is used. From the duration of this frame, it calculates the
corresponding baud rate factor with respect to the current CPU clock, initializes the CAN1
interface accordingly, switches pin CAN1_TxD to output and enables the CAN1 interface to
take part in the network communication. Using this baud rate, a Message Object is
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ST10F276E
configured in order to send an acknowledge frame. The ST10F276E will not send this
Message Object but the host can request it by sending a remote frame.
The acknowledge frame is the following for the ST10F276E:
–
Standard identifier = E6h
–
DLC = 3h
–
Data0 = D5h, that is, generic acknowledge of the ST10 devices
–
Data1 = IDCHIP least significant byte
–
Data2 = IDCHIP most significant byte
For the ST10F276E, IDCHIP = 114Xh.
Note:
Two behaviors can be distinguished in ST10 acknowledging to the host. If the host is
behaving according to the CAN protocol, as at the beginning the ST10 CAN is not
configured, the host is alone on the CAN network and does not receive an acknowledge. It
automatically resends the zero frame. As soon as the ST10 CAN is configured, it
acknowledges the zero frame. The “acknowledge frame” with identifier 0xE6 is configured,
but the Transmit Request is not set. The host can request this frame to be sent and therefore
obtains the IDCHIP by sending a remote frame.
Hint: As the IDCHIP is sent in the acknowledge frame, Flash programming software now
can immediately identify the exact type of device to be programmed.
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ST10F276E
5.4.3
Bootstrap loader
ST10 configuration in CAN BSL
When the ST10F276E enters BSL mode via CAN, the configuration shown in Table 31 is
automatically set (values that deviate from the normal reset values are marked in bold).
Table 31.
ST10 configuration in CAN BSL
Function or register
Access
Watchdog timer
Disabled
Register SYSCON
0404H (1)
Context pointer CP
FA00H
Register STKUN
FA00H
Stack pointer SP
FA40H
Register STKOV
FC00H
Register BUSCON0
acc. to startup
config.(2)
Notes
XPEN bit set
CAN1 Status/Control register 0000H
Initialized only if Bootstrap via CAN
CAN1 Bit timing register
acc. to ‘0’ frame
Initialized only if Bootstrap via CAN
XPERCON
042DH
XRAM1-2, XFlash, CAN1 and XMISC enabled
P4.6 / CAN1_TxD
‘1’
Initialized only if Bootstrap via CAN
DP4.6
‘1’
Initialized only if Bootstrap via CAN
1. In Bootstrap modes (standard or alternate) ROMEN, bit 10 of SYSCON, is always set regardless of EA pin
level. BYTDIS, bit 9 of SYSCON, is set according to data bus width selection via Port0 configuration.
2. BUSCON0 is initialized with 0000h, external bus disabled, if pin EA is high during reset. If pin EA is low
during reset, BUSACT0, bit 10, and ALECTL0, bit 9, are set enabling the external bus with lengthened ALE
signal. BTYP field, bit 7 and 6, is set according to Port0 configuration.
Other than after a normal reset, the watchdog timer is disabled, so the bootstrap loading
sequence is not time limited. Pin CAN1_TxD1 is configured as output, so the ST10F276E
can return the identification frame. Even if the internal IFLASH is enabled, a code cannot be
executed from it.
5.4.4
Loading the start-up code via CAN
After sending the acknowledge byte, the BSL enters a loop to receive 128 bytes via CAN1.
Hint: The number of bytes loaded when booting via the CAN interface has been extended to
128 bytes to allow the reconfiguration of the CAN Bit Timing Register with the best timings
(synchronization window, ...). This can be achieved by the following sequence of
instructions:
ReconfigureBaud rate:
MOV R1,#041h
MOV DPP3:0EF00h,R1 ; Put CAN in Init, enable Configuration Change
MOV R1,#01600h
MOV DPP3:0EF06h,R1 ; 1MBaud at Fcpu = 20 MHz
These 128 bytes are stored sequentially into locations 00’FA40H through 00’FABFH of the
IRAM, allowing up to 64 instructions to be placed into the RAM area. To execute the loaded
code the BSL then jumps to location 00’FA40H, that is, the first loaded instruction. The
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Bootstrap loader
ST10F276E
bootstrap loading sequence is now terminated; however, the ST10F276E remains in BSL
mode. Most probably the initially loaded routine will load additional code or data, as an
average application is likely to require substantially more than 64 instructions. This second
receive loop may directly use the pre-initialized CAN interface to receive data and store it in
arbitrary user-defined locations.
This second level of loaded code may be
●
the final application code
●
another, more sophisticated, loader routine that adds a transmission protocol to
enhance the integrity of the loaded code or data
●
a code sequence to change the system configuration and enable the bus interface to
store the received data into external memory
This process may go through several iterations or may directly execute the final application.
In all cases the ST10F276E still runs in BSL mode, that is, with the watchdog timer disabled
and limited access to the internal Flash area. All code fetches from the internal Flash area
(01’0000H ...08’FFFFH) are redirected to the special Test-Flash. Data read operations will
access the internal Flash of the ST10F276E.
5.4.5
Choosing the baud rate for the BSL via CAN
The Bootstrap via CAN acts the same way as in the UART bootstrap mode. When the
ST10F276E is started in BSL mode, it polls the RxD0 and CAN1_RxD lines. When polling a
low level on one of these lines, a timer is launched that is stopped when the line returns to
high level.
For CAN communication, the algorithm is made to receive a zero frame, that is, the standard
identifier is 0x0, DLC is 0. This frame produces the following levels on the network: 5D, 1R,
5D, 1R, 5D, 1R, 5D, 1R, 5D, 1R, 4D, 1R, 1D, 11R. The algorithm lets the timer run until the
detection of the 5th recessive bit. This way the bit timing is calculated over the duration of 29
bit times: This minimizes the error introduced by the polling.
Figure 12. Bit rate measurement over a predefined zero-frame
3TART
3TUFFBIT
3TUFFBIT
3TUFFBIT
3TUFFBIT
-EASUREDTIME
'!0'2)
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Bootstrap loader
Error induced by the polling
The code used for the polling is the following:
WaitCom:
JNB P4.5,CAN_Boot
CAN
JB
P3.11,WaitCom
BSET T6R
....
CAN_Boot:
BSET PWMCON0.0
; if SOF detected on CAN, then go to
; loader
; Wait for start bit at RxD0
; Start Timer T6
; Start PWM Timer0
; (resolution is 1 CPU clk cycle)
JMPR cc_UC,WaitRecessiveBit
WaitDominantBit:
JB
P4.5,WaitDominantBit; wait for end of stuff bit
WaitRecessiveBit:
JNB P4.5,WaitRecessiveBit; wait for 1st dominant bit = Stuff
bit
CMPI1R1,#5
; Test if 5th stuff bit detected
JMPR cc_NE,WaitDominantBit; No, go back to count more
BCLR PWMCON.0
; Stop timer
; here the 5th stuff bit is detected:
; PT0 = 29 Bit_Time (25D and 4R)
Therefore the maximum error at the detection of the communication on CAN pin is:
(1 not taken + 1 taken jumps) + 1 taken jump + 1 bit set: (6) + 6 CPU clock cycles
The error at the detection for the 5th recessive bit is:
(1 taken jump) + 1 not taken jump + 1 compare + 1 bit clear: (4) + 6 CPU cycles
In the worst case, the induced error is 6 CPU clock cycles, so the polling could induce an
error of 6 timer ticks.
Error induced by the baud rate calculation
The content of the timer PT0 counter corresponds to 29 bit times, resulting in the following
equation:
PT0 = 58 x (BRP + 1) X (1 + Tseg1 + Tseg2)
where BRP, Tseg1 and Tseg2 are the field of the CAN Bit Timing register.
The CAN protocol specification recommends to implement a bit time composed of at least 8
time quanta (tq). This recommendation is applied here. Moreover, the maximum bit time
length is 25 tq. To ensure precision, the aim is to have the smallest Bit Rate Prescaler (BRP)
and the maximum number of tq in a bit time.
This gives the following ranges for PT0 according to BRP:
8 ≤ 1 + Tseg1 + Tseg2 ≤ 25
464 x (1 + BRP) ≤ PT0 ≤ 1450 x (1 + BRP)
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ST10F276E
Table 32.
BRP and PT0 values
BRP
PT0_min
PT0_max
0
464
1450
1
1451
2900
2
2901
4350
3
4351
5800
4
5801
7250
5
7251
8700
..
..
..
43
20416
63800
44
20880
65250
45
21344
66700
..
..
..
63
X
X
Comments
Possible timer overflow
The error coming from the measurement of the 29 bit is:
e1 = 6 / [PT0]
It is maximal for the smallest BRP value and the smallest number of ticks in PT0. Therefore:
e1 Max = 1.29%
To improve precision, the aim is to have the smallest BRP so that the time quantum is the
smallest possible. Thus, an error on the calculation of time quanta in a bit time is minimal.
In order to do so, the value of PT0 is divided into ranges of 1450 ticks. In the algorithm, PT0
is divided by 1451 and the result is BRP.
The calculated BRP value is then used to divide PT0 in order to have the value of (1 +
Tseg1 + Tseg2). A table is made to set the values for Tseg1 and Tseg2 according to the
value of (1 + Tseg1 + Tseg2). These values of Tseg1 and Tseg2 are chosen in order to
reach a sample point between 70% and 80% of the bit time.
During the calculation of (1 + Tseg1 + Tseg2), an error e2 can be introduced by the division.
This error is of 1 time quantum maximum.
To compensate for any possible error on bit rate, the (Re)Synchronization Jump Width is
fixed to 2 time quanta.
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ST10F276E
5.4.6
Bootstrap loader
Computing the baud rate error
Considering the following conditions, a computation of the error is given as an example.
●
CPU frequency: 20 MHz
●
Target Bit Rate: 1 Mbit/s
In these conditions, the content of PT0 timer for 29 bits should be:
29 × Fcpu 29 × 20 × 6
[ PT0 ] = --------------------------- = ----------------------------- = 580
6
BitRate
1 × 10
Therefore:
574 < [PT0] < 586
This gives:
BRP = 0
tq = 100 ns
Computation of 1 + Tseg1 + Tseg2: Considering the equation:
[PT0] = 58 x (1 + BRP) x (1 + Tseg1 + Tseg2)
Thus:
586
574
9 = ---------- ≤ Tseg1 + Tseg2 ≤ ---------- = 10
58
58
In the algorithm, a rounding up to the superior value is made if the remainder of the division
is greater than half of the divisor. This would have been the case if the PT0 content was 574.
Thus, in this example the result is 1 + Tseg1 + Tseg2 = 10, giving a bit time of exactly 1μs
=> no error in bit rate.
Note:
In most cases (24 MHz, 32 MHz, 40 MHz of CPU frequency and 125, 250, 500 or 1Mb/s of
bit rate), there is no error. Nevertheless, it is better to check for an error with the real
application parameters.
The content of the bit timing register is: 0x1640. This gives a sample point at 80%.
Note:
The (Re)Synchronization Jump Width is fixed to 2 time quanta.
5.4.7
Bootstrap via CAN
After the bootstrap phase, the ST10F276E CAN module is configured as follows:
●
The pin P4.6 is configured as output (the latch value is ‘1’ = recessive) to assume
CAN1_TxD function.
●
The MO2 is configured to output the acknowledge of the bootstrap with the standard
identifier E6h, a DLC of 3 and Data0 = D5h, Data1 and 2 = IDCHIP.
●
The MO1 is configured to receive messages with the standard identifier 5h. Its
acceptance mask is set to ensure that all bits match. The DLC received is not checked:
The ST10 expects only 1 byte of data at a time.
No other message is sent by the ST10F276E after the acknowledge.
Note:
The CAN boot waits for 128 bytes of data instead of 32 bytes (see UART boot). This is done
to allow the User to reconfigure the CAN bit rate as soon as possible.
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Bootstrap loader
5.5
ST10F276E
Comparing the old and the new bootstrap loader
Table 33 and Table 34 summarize the differences between the old ST10 (boot via UART
only) bootstrap and the new one (boot via UART or CAN).
5.5.1
Software aspects
As the CAN1 is needed, XPERCON register is configured by the bootstrap loader code and
bit XPEN of SYSCON is set. However, as long as the EINIT instruction is not executed (and
it is not in the bootstrap loader code), the settings can be modified. To do this, perform the
following steps:
1.
Disable the XPeripherals by clearing XPEN in SYSCON register. Attention: If this part
of the code is located in XRAM, it will be disabled.
2.
Enable the needed XPeripherals by writing the correct value in XPERCON register.
3.
Set XPEN bit in SYSCON.
Table 33.
Software topics summary
Former bootstrap loader
5.5.2
New bootstrap loader
Comments
Uses only 32 bytes in Dual-Port
RAM from 00’FA40h
Uses up to 128 bytes in DualPort RAM from 00’FA40h
For compatibility between boot
via UART and boot via CAN1,
please avoid loading the
application software in the
00’FA60h/00’FABFh range.
Loads 32 bytes from UART
Loads 32 bytes from UART
(boot via UART mode)
Same files can be used for boot
via UART.
User selected Xperipherals can
be enabled during boot (Step 3
or Step 4).
Xperipherals selection is fixed.
User can change the
Xperipherals selections through
a specific code.
Hardware aspects
Although the new bootstrap loader is designed to be compatible with the old bootstrap
loader, there are a few hardware requirements for the new bootstrap loader as summarized
in Table 34.
Table 34.
Hardware topics summary
Former bootstrap loader
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New bootstrap loader
Comments
P4.5 can be used as output in
BSL mode.
P4.5 cannot be used as user
output in BSL mode, but only as
CAN1_RxD or input or address
segments.
-
Level on CAN1_RxD can
change during boot Step 2.
Level on CAN1_RxD must be
stable at ‘1’ during boot Step 2.
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
External pull-up on P4.5
needed.
ST10F276E
Bootstrap loader
5.6
Alternate boot mode (ABM)
5.6.1
Activation
Alternate boot is activated with the combination ‘01’ on Port0L[5..4] at the rising edge of
RSTIN.
5.6.2
Memory mapping
The ST10F276E has the same memory mapping for standard boot mode and for alternate
boot mode:
●
Test-Flash: Mapped from 00’0000h. The Standard Bootstrap Loader can be started by
executing a jump to the address of this routine (JMPS 00’xxxx; address to be defined).
●
User Flash: The User Flash is divided in two parts: The IFLASH, visible only for
memory reads and memory writes (no code fetch) and the XFLASH, visible for any
ST10 access (memory read, memory write and code fetch).
●
All ST10F276E XRAM and Xperipherals modules can be accessed if enabled in
XPERCON register.
Note:
The alternate boot mode can be used to reprogram the whole content of the ST10F276E
User Flash (except Block 0 in Bank 2, where the alternate boot is mapped into).
5.6.3
Interrupts
The ST10 interrupt vector table is always mapped from address 00’0000h.
As a consequence, interrupts are not allowed in Alternate Boot Mode; all maskable and nonmaskable interrupts must be disabled.
5.6.4
ST10 configuration in alternate boot mode
When the ST10F276E enters BSL mode via CAN, the configuration shown in Table 35 is
automatically set (values that deviate from the normal reset values are marked in bold).
Table 35.
ST10 configuration in alternate boot mode
Function or register
Access
Watchdog timer
Disabled
Register SYSCON
0404H(1)
Context pointer CP
FA00H
Register STKUN
FA00H
Stack pointer SP
FA40H
Register STKOV
FC00H
Register BUSCON0
acc. to startup config.(2)
XPERCON
002DH
Notes
XPEN bit set
XRAM1-2, XFlash, CAN1 enabled
1. In Bootstrap modes (standard or alternate) ROMEN, bit 10 of SYSCON, is always set regardless of EA pin
level. BYTDIS, bit 9 of SYSCON, is set according to data bus width selection via Port0 configuration.
2. BUSCON0 is initialized with 0000h, external bus disabled, if pin EA is high during reset. If pin EA is low
during reset, BUSACT0, bit 10, and ALECTL0, bit 9, are set enabling the external bus with lengthened ALE
signal. BTYP field, bit 7 and 6, is set according to Port0 configuration.
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ST10F276E
Even if the internal IFLASH is enabled, a code cannot be executed from it.
As the XFlash is needed, XPERCON register is configured by the ABM loader code and bit
XPEN of SYSCON is set. However, as long as the EINIT instruction is not executed (and it is
not in the bootstrap loader code), the settings can be modified. To do this, perform the
following steps:
1.
2.
Copy in DPRAM a function that will
a)
disable the XPeripherals by clearing XPEN in SYSCON register,
b)
enable the needed XPeripherals by writing the correct value in XPERCON
register,
c)
set XPEN bit in SYSCON,
d)
return to calling address.
Call the function from XFlash
The changing of the XPERCON value cannot be executed from the XFlash because the
XFlash is disabled by the clearing of XPEN bit in SYSCON.
5.6.5
Watchdog
As for standard boot, the Watchdog timer remains disabled during Alternate Boot Mode. In
case a Watchdog reset occurs, a software reset is generated.
Note:
See note from Section 5.2.7 concerning software reset.
5.6.6
Exiting alternate boot mode
Once the ABM mode is entered, it can be exited only with a software or hardware reset.
Note:
See note from Section 5.2.7 concerning software reset.
5.6.7
Alternate boot user software
If the rules described previously are respected (that is, mapping of variables, disabling of
interrupts, exit conditions, predefined vectors in Block 0 of Bank 2, Watchdog usage), then
users can write the software they want to execute in this mode starting from 09’0000h.
5.6.8
User/alternate mode signature integrity check
The behavior of the Alternate Boot Mode is based on the computing of a signature between
the content of two memory locations and a comparison with a reference signature. This
requires that users who use Alternate Boot have reserved and programmed the Flash
memory locations according to:
User mode signature
00'0000h: memory address of operand0 for the signature computing
00’1FFCh: memory address of operand1 for the signature computing
00’1FFEh: memory address for the signature reference
Alternate mode signature
09'0000h: memory address of operand0 for the signature computing
09’1FFCh: memory address of operand1 for the signature computing
09’1FFEh: memory address for the signature reference
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Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
ST10F276E
Bootstrap loader
The values for operand0, operand1 and the signature should be such that the sequence
shown in the figure below is successfully executed.
MOV
ADD
CPLB
CMP
5.6.9
Rx, CheckBlock1Addr; 00’0000h for standard reset
Rx, CheckBlock2Addr; 00’1FFCh for standard reset
RLx
; 1s complement of the lower
; byte of the sum
Rx, CheckBlock3Addr; 00’1FFEh for standard reset
Alternate boot user software aspects
User defined alternate boot code must start at 09’0000h. A new SFR created on the
ST10F276E indicates that the device is running in Alternate Boot Mode: Bit 5 of EMUCON
(mapped at 0xFE0Ah) is set when the alternate boot is selected by the reset configuration.
All the other bits are ignored when checking the content of this register to read the value of
bit 5.
This bit is a read-only bit. It remains set until the next software or hardware reset.
5.6.10
EMUCON register
EMUCON (FE0Ah / 05h)
15
14
Table 36.
13
12
SFR
11
10
9
8
Reset value: - xxh:
7
5.6.11
5
ABM
-
R
4
3
2
1
0
-
ABM bit description
Bit
ABM
6
-
Function
ABM Flag (or TMOD3)
0: Alternate Boot Mode is not selected by reset configuration on P0L[5..4]
1: Alternate Boot Mode is selected by reset configuration on P0L[5..4]: This bit is
set if P0L[5..4] = ‘01’ during hardware reset.
Internal decoding of test modes
The test mode decoding logic is located inside the ST10F276E Bus Controller.
The decoding is as follows:
●
Alternate Boot Mode decoding: (P0L.5 & P0L.4)
●
Standard Bootstrap decoding: (P0L.5 & P0L.4)
●
Normal operation: (P0L.5 & P0L.4)
The other configurations select ST internal test modes.
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Bootstrap loader
5.6.12
ST10F276E
Example
In the following example, Alternate Boot Mode works as follows:
–
5.7
On rising edge of RSTIN pin, the reset configuration is latched.
●
If Bootstrap Loader mode is not enabled (P0L[5..4] = ‘11’), ST10F276E hardware
proceeds with a standard hardware reset procedure.
●
If standard Bootstrap Loader is enabled (P0L[5..4] = ‘10’), the standard ST10 Bootstrap
Loader is enabled and a variable is cleared to indicate that ABM is not enabled.
●
If Alternate Boot Mode is selected (P0L[5..4] = ‘01’), then, depending on signatures
integrity checks, a predefined reset sequence is activated.
Selective boot mode
The selective boot is a subcase of the Alternate Boot Mode. When none of the signatures
are correct, instead of executing the standard bootstrap loader (triggered by P0L.4 low at
reset), an additional check is made.
Address 00’1FFCh is read again with the following behavior:
●
If value is 0000h or FFFFh, a jump is performed to the standard bootstrap loader.
●
Otherwise:
–
High byte is disregarded.
–
Low byte bits select which communication channel is enabled.
Table 37.
Selective boot
Bit
Function
0
UART selection
0: UART is not watched for a Start condition.
1: UART is watched for a Start condition.
1
CAN1 selection
0: CAN1 is not watched for a Start condition.
1: CAN1 is watched for a Start condition.
2..7
Reserved
For upward compatibility, must be programmed to ‘0’
Therefore a value:
70/235
●
0xXX03 configures the Selective Bootstrap Loader to poll for RxD0 and CAN1_RxD.
●
0xXX01 configures the Selective Bootstrap Loader to poll only RxD0 (no boot via CAN).
●
0xXX02 configures the Selective Bootstrap Loader to poll only CAN1_RxD (no boot via
UART).
●
Other values allow the ST10F276E to execute an endless loop into the Test-Flash.
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
ST10F276E
Bootstrap loader
Figure 13. Reset boot sequence
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Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
71/235
Central processing unit (CPU)
6
ST10F276E
Central processing unit (CPU)
The CPU includes a 4-stage instruction pipeline, a 16-bit arithmetic and logic unit (ALU) and
dedicated SFRs. Additional hardware has been added for a separate multiply and divide
unit, a bit-mask generator and a barrel shifter.
Most of the ST10F276E’s instructions can be executed in one instruction cycle which
requires 31.25ns at 64 MHz CPU clock. For example, shift and rotate instructions are
processed in one instruction cycle independent of the number of bits to be shifted.
Multiple-cycle instructions have been optimized: branches are carried out in 2 cycles, 16 x
16-bit multiplication in 5 cycles and a 32/16-bit division in 10 cycles.
The jump cache reduces the execution time of repeatedly performed jumps in a loop, from
2 cycles to 1 cycle.
The CPU uses a bank of 16 word registers to run the current context. This bank of General
Purpose Registers (GPR) is physically stored within the on-chip Internal RAM (IRAM) area.
A Context Pointer (CP) register determines the base address of the active register bank to
be accessed by the CPU.
The number of register banks is only restricted by the available Internal RAM space. For
easy parameter passing, a register bank may overlap others.
A system stack of up to 2048 bytes is provided as a storage for temporary data. The system
stack is allocated in the on-chip RAM area, and it is accessed by the CPU via the stack
pointer (SP) register.
Two separate SFRs, STKOV and STKUN, are implicitly compared against the stack pointer
value upon each stack access for the detection of a stack overflow or underflow.
Figure 14. CPU Block Diagram (MAC Unit not included)
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72/235
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
ST10F276E
6.1
Central processing unit (CPU)
Multiplier-accumulator unit (MAC)
The MAC coprocessor is a specialized coprocessor added to the ST10 CPU Core in order to
improve the performances of the ST10 Family in signal processing algorithms.
The standard ST10 CPU has been modified to include new addressing capabilities which
enable the CPU to supply the new coprocessor with up to 2 operands per instruction cycle.
This new coprocessor (so-called MAC) contains a fast multiply-accumulate unit and a repeat
unit.
The coprocessor instructions extend the ST10 CPU instruction set with multiply, multiplyaccumulate, 32-bit signed arithmetic operations.
Figure 15. MAC unit architecture
Operand 1
16
GPR Pointers *
Operand 2
16
IDX0 Pointer
IDX1 Pointer
QR0 GPR Offset Register
QR1 GPR Offset Register
QX0 IDX Offset Register
QX1 IDX Offset Register
Concatenation
16 x 16
signed/unsigned
Multiplier
32
32
Mux
Sign Extend
MRW
Scaler
0h
40
Repeat Unit
Interrupt
Controller
08000h
40 40
40
Mux
Mux
40
40
A
B
40-bit Signed Arithmetic Unit
MCW
ST10 CPU
MSW
Control Unit
0h
40
Flags MAE
40
MAH
MAL
40
8-bit Left/Right
Shifter
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Central processing unit (CPU)
6.2
ST10F276E
Instruction set summary
Table 38 lists the instructions of the ST10F276E. The detailed description of each
instruction can be found in the “ST10 Family Programming Manual”.
Table 38.
Standard instruction set summary
Mnemonic
74/235
Description
Bytes
ADD(B)
Add word (byte) operands
2/4
ADDC(B)
Add word (byte) operands with Carry
2/4
SUB(B)
Subtract word (byte) operands
2/4
SUBC(B)
Subtract word (byte) operands with Carry
2/4
MUL(U)
(Un)Signed multiply direct GPR by direct GPR (16-16-bit)
2
DIV(U)
(Un)Signed divide register MDL by direct GPR (16-/16-bit)
2
DIVL(U)
(Un)Signed long divide reg. MD by direct GPR (32-/16-bit)
2
CPL(B)
Complement direct word (byte) GPR
2
NEG(B)
Negate direct word (byte) GPR
2
AND(B)
Bit-wise AND, (word/byte operands)
2/4
OR(B)
Bit-wise OR, (word/byte operands)
2/4
XOR(B)
Bit-wise XOR, (word/byte operands)
2/4
BCLR
Clear direct bit
2
BSET
Set direct bit
2
BMOV(N)
Move (negated) direct bit to direct bit
4
BAND, BOR, BXOR
AND/OR/XOR direct bit with direct bit
4
BCMP
Compare direct bit to direct bit
4
BFLDH/L
Bit-wise modify masked high/low byte of bit-addressable direct word
memory with immediate data
4
CMP(B)
Compare word (byte) operands
2/4
CMPD1/2
Compare word data to GPR and decrement GPR by 1/2
2/4
CMPI1/2
Compare word data to GPR and increment GPR by 1/2
2/4
PRIOR
Determine number of shift cycles to normalize direct word GPR and
store result in direct word GPR
2
SHL / SHR
Shift left/right direct word GPR
2
ROL / ROR
Rotate left/right direct word GPR
2
ASHR
Arithmetic (sign bit) shift right direct word GPR
2
MOV(B)
Move word (byte) data
2/4
MOVBS
Move byte operand to word operand with sign extension
2/4
MOVBZ
Move byte operand to word operand with zero extension
2/4
JMPA, JMPI, JMPR
Jump absolute/indirect/relative if condition is met
4
JMPS
Jump absolute to a code segment
4
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
ST10F276E
Central processing unit (CPU)
Table 38.
Standard instruction set summary (continued)
Mnemonic
Description
Bytes
J(N)B
Jump relative if direct bit is (not) set
4
JBC
Jump relative and clear bit if direct bit is set
4
JNBS
Jump relative and set bit if direct bit is not set
4
CALLA, CALLI,
CALLR
Call absolute/indirect/relative subroutine if condition is met
4
CALLS
Call absolute subroutine in any code segment
4
PCALL
Push direct word register onto system stack and call absolute
subroutine
4
TRAP
Call interrupt service routine via immediate trap number
2
PUSH, POP
Push/pop direct word register onto/from system stack
2
SCXT
Push direct word register onto system stack and update register
with word operand
4
RET
Return from intra-segment subroutine
2
RETS
Return from inter-segment subroutine
2
RETP
Return from intra-segment subroutine and pop direct word register
from system stack
2
RETI
Return from interrupt service subroutine
2
SRST
Software Reset
4
IDLE
Enter Idle Mode
4
PWRDN
Enter Power Down Mode (supposes NMI-pin being low)
4
SRVWDT
Service Watchdog Timer
4
DISWDT
Disable Watchdog Timer
4
EINIT
Signify End-of-Initialization on RSTOUT-pin
4
ATOMIC
Begin ATOMIC sequence
2
EXTR
Begin EXTended Register sequence
2
EXTP(R)
Begin EXTended Page (and Register) sequence
2/4
EXTS(R)
Begin EXTended Segment (and Register) sequence
2/4
NOP
Null operation
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2
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Central processing unit (CPU)
6.3
ST10F276E
MAC coprocessor specific instructions
Table 39 lists the MAC instructions of the ST10F276E. The detailed description of each
instruction can be found in the “ST10 Family Programming Manual”. Note that all MAC
instructions are encoded on 4 bytes.
Table 39.
MAC instruction set summary
Mnemonic
76/235
Description
CoABS
Absolute Value of the Accumulator
CoADD(2)
Addition
CoASHR(rnd)
Accumulator Arithmetic Shift Right & Optional Round
CoCMP
Compare Accumulator with Operands
CoLOAD(-,2)
Load Accumulator with Operands
CoMAC(R,u,s,-,rnd)
(Un)Signed/(Un)Signed Multiply-Accumulate & Optional Round
CoMACM(R)(u,s,-,rnd)
(Un)Signed/(Un)Signed Multiply-Accumulate with Parallel Data
Move & Optional Round
CoMAX / CoMIN
Maximum / Minimum of Operands and Accumulator
CoMOV
Memory to Memory Move
CoMUL(u,s,-,rnd)
(Un)Signed/(Un)Signed multiply & Optional Round
CoNEG(rnd)
Negate Accumulator & Optional Round
CoNOP
No-Operation
CoRND
Round Accumulator
CoSHL / CoSHR
Accumulator Logical Shift Left / Right
CoSTORE
Store a MAC Unit Register
CoSUB(2,R)
Substraction
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
ST10F276E
7
External bus controller
External bus controller
All of the external memory accesses are performed by the on-chip external bus controller.
The EBC can be programmed to single chip mode when no external memory is required, or
to one of four different external memory access modes:
●
16- / 18- / 20- / 24-bit addresses and 16-bit data, demultiplexed
●
16- / 18- / 20- / 24-bit addresses and 16-bit data, multiplexed
●
16- / 18- / 20- / 24-bit addresses and 8-bit data, multiplexed
●
16- / 18- / 20- / 24-bit addresses and 8-bit data, demultiplexed
In demultiplexed bus modes addresses are output on PORT1 and data is input / output on
PORT0 or P0L, respectively. In the multiplexed bus modes both addresses and data use
PORT0 for input / output.
Timing characteristics of the external bus interface (memory cycle time, memory tri-state
time, length of ALE and read / write delay) are programmable giving the choice of a wide
range of memories and external peripherals.
Up to four independent address windows may be defined (using register pairs ADDRSELx /
BUSCONx) to access different resources and bus characteristics.
These address windows are arranged hierarchically where BUSCON4 overrides BUSCON3
and BUSCON2 overrides BUSCON1.
All accesses to locations not covered by these four address windows are controlled by
BUSCON0. Up to five external CS signals (four windows plus default) can be generated in
order to save external glue logic. Access to very slow memories is supported by a ‘Ready’
function.
A HOLD / HLDA protocol is available for bus arbitration which shares external resources
with other bus masters.
The bus arbitration is enabled by setting bit HLDEN in register PSW. After setting HLDEN
once, pins P6.7...P6.5 (BREQ, HLDA, HOLD) are automatically controlled by the EBC. In
master mode (default after reset) the HLDA pin is an output. By setting bit DP6.7 to ‘1’ the
slave mode is selected where pin HLDA is switched to input. This directly connects the slave
controller to another master controller without glue logic.
For applications which require less external memory space, the address space can be
restricted to 1 Mbyte, 256 Kbytes or to 64 Kbytes. Port 4 outputs all eight address lines if an
address space of 16M Bytes is used, otherwise four, two or no address lines.
Chip select timing can be made programmable. By default (after reset), the CSx lines
change half a CPU clock cycle after the rising edge of ALE. With the CSCFG bit set in the
SYSCON register the CSx lines change with the rising edge of ALE.
The active level of the READY pin can be set by bit RDYPOL in the BUSCONx registers.
When the READY function is enabled for a specific address window, each bus cycle within
the window must be terminated with the active level defined by bit RDYPOL in the
associated BUSCON register.
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Interrupt system
8
ST10F276E
Interrupt system
The interrupt response time for internal program execution is from 78ns to 187.5ns at
64 MHz CPU clock.
The ST10F276E architecture supports several mechanisms for fast and flexible response to
service requests that can be generated from various sources (internal or external) to the
microcontroller. Any of these interrupt requests can be serviced by the Interrupt Controller or
by the Peripheral Event Controller (PEC).
In contrast to a standard interrupt service where the current program execution is
suspended and a branch to the interrupt vector table is performed, just one cycle is ‘stolen’
from the current CPU activity to perform a PEC service. A PEC service implies a single Byte
or Word data transfer between any two memory locations with an additional increment of
either the PEC source or destination pointer. An individual PEC transfer counter is implicitly
decremented for each PEC service except when performing in the continuous transfer
mode. When this counter reaches zero, a standard interrupt is performed to the
corresponding source related vector location. PEC services are very well suited to perform
the transmission or the reception of blocks of data. The ST10F276E has 8 PEC channels,
each of them offers such fast interrupt-driven data transfer capabilities.
An interrupt control register which contains an interrupt request flag, an interrupt enable flag
and an interrupt priority bit-field is dedicated to each existing interrupt source. Thanks to its
related register, each source can be programmed to one of sixteen interrupt priority levels.
Once starting to be processed by the CPU, an interrupt service can only be interrupted by a
higher prioritized service request. For the standard interrupt processing, each of the
possible interrupt sources has a dedicated vector location.
Software interrupts are supported by means of the ‘TRAP’ instruction in combination with an
individual trap (interrupt) number.
Fast external interrupt inputs are provided to service external interrupts with high precision
requirements. These fast interrupt inputs feature programmable edge detection (rising edge,
falling edge or both edges).
Fast external interrupts may also have interrupt sources selected from other peripherals; for
example the CANx controller receive signals (CANx_RxD) and I2C serial clock signal can be
used to interrupt the system.
Table 40 shows all the available ST10F276E interrupt sources and the corresponding
hardware-related interrupt flags, vectors, vector locations and trap (interrupt) numbers:
Table 40.
Interrupt sources
Source of interrupt or
PEC service request
78/235
Request
flag
Enable
flag
Interrupt
vector
Vector
location
Trap
number
CAPCOM Register 0
CC0IR
CC0IE
CC0INT
00’0040h
10h
CAPCOM Register 1
CC1IR
CC1IE
CC1INT
00’0044h
11h
CAPCOM Register 2
CC2IR
CC2IE
CC2INT
00’0048h
12h
CAPCOM Register 3
CC3IR
CC3IE
CC3INT
00’004Ch
13h
CAPCOM Register 4
CC4IR
CC4IE
CC4INT
00’0050h
14h
CAPCOM Register 5
CC5IR
CC5IE
CC5INT
00’0054h
15h
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
ST10F276E
Interrupt system
Table 40.
Interrupt sources (continued)
Source of interrupt or
PEC service request
Request
flag
Enable
flag
Interrupt
vector
Vector
location
Trap
number
CAPCOM Register 6
CC6IR
CC6IE
CC6INT
00’0058h
16h
CAPCOM Register 7
CC7IR
CC7IE
CC7INT
00’005Ch
17h
CAPCOM Register 8
CC8IR
CC8IE
CC8INT
00’0060h
18h
CAPCOM Register 9
CC9IR
CC9IE
CC9INT
00’0064h
19h
CAPCOM Register 10
CC10IR
CC10IE
CC10INT
00’0068h
1Ah
CAPCOM Register 11
CC11IR
CC11IE
CC11INT
00’006Ch
1Bh
CAPCOM Register 12
CC12IR
CC12IE
CC12INT
00’0070h
1Ch
CAPCOM Register 13
CC13IR
CC13IE
CC13INT
00’0074h
1Dh
CAPCOM Register 14
CC14IR
CC14IE
CC14INT
00’0078h
1Eh
CAPCOM Register 15
CC15IR
CC15IE
CC15INT
00’007Ch
1Fh
CAPCOM Register 16
CC16IR
CC16IE
CC16INT
00’00C0h
30h
CAPCOM Register 17
CC17IR
CC17IE
CC17INT
00’00C4h
31h
CAPCOM Register 18
CC18IR
CC18IE
CC18INT
00’00C8h
32h
CAPCOM Register 19
CC19IR
CC19IE
CC19INT
00’00CCh
33h
CAPCOM Register 20
CC20IR
CC20IE
CC20INT
00’00D0h
34h
CAPCOM Register 21
CC21IR
CC21IE
CC21INT
00’00D4h
35h
CAPCOM Register 22
CC22IR
CC22IE
CC22INT
00’00D8h
36h
CAPCOM Register 23
CC23IR
CC23IE
CC23INT
00’00DCh
37h
CAPCOM Register 24
CC24IR
CC24IE
CC24INT
00’00E0h
38h
CAPCOM Register 25
CC25IR
CC25IE
CC25INT
00’00E4h
39h
CAPCOM Register 26
CC26IR
CC26IE
CC26INT
00’00E8h
3Ah
CAPCOM Register 27
CC27IR
CC27IE
CC27INT
00’00ECh
3Bh
CAPCOM Register 28
CC28IR
CC28IE
CC28INT
00’00F0h
3Ch
CAPCOM Register 29
CC29IR
CC29IE
CC29INT
00’0110h
44h
CAPCOM Register 30
CC30IR
CC30IE
CC30INT
00’0114h
45h
CAPCOM Register 31
CC31IR
CC31IE
CC31INT
00’0118h
46h
CAPCOM Timer 0
T0IR
T0IE
T0INT
00’0080h
20h
CAPCOM Timer 1
T1IR
T1IE
T1INT
00’0084h
21h
CAPCOM Timer 7
T7IR
T7IE
T7INT
00’00F4h
3Dh
CAPCOM Timer 8
T8IR
T8IE
T8INT
00’00F8h
3Eh
GPT1 Timer 2
T2IR
T2IE
T2INT
00’0088h
22h
GPT1 Timer 3
T3IR
T3IE
T3INT
00’008Ch
23h
GPT1 Timer 4
T4IR
T4IE
T4INT
00’0090h
24h
GPT2 Timer 5
T5IR
T5IE
T5INT
00’0094h
25h
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
79/235
Interrupt system
Table 40.
ST10F276E
Interrupt sources (continued)
Source of interrupt or
PEC service request
Request
flag
Enable
flag
Interrupt
vector
Vector
location
Trap
number
GPT2 Timer 6
T6IR
T6IE
T6INT
00’0098h
26h
GPT2 CAPREL Register
CRIR
CRIE
CRINT
00’009Ch
27h
A/D Conversion Complete
ADCIR
ADCIE
ADCINT
00’00A0h
28h
A/D Overrun Error
ADEIR
ADEIE
ADEINT
00’00A4h
29h
ASC0 Transmit
S0TIR
S0TIE
S0TINT
00’00A8h
2Ah
ASC0 Transmit Buffer
S0TBIR
S0TBIE
S0TBINT
00’011Ch
47h
ASC0 Receive
S0RIR
S0RIE
S0RINT
00’00ACh
2Bh
ASC0 Error
S0EIR
S0EIE
S0EINT
00’00B0h
2Ch
SSC Transmit
SCTIR
SCTIE
SCTINT
00’00B4h
2Dh
SSC Receive
SCRIR
SCRIE
SCRINT
00’00B8h
2Eh
SSC Error
SCEIR
SCEIE
SCEINT
00’00BCh
2Fh
PWM Channel 0...3
PWMIR
PWMIE
PWMINT
00’00FCh
3Fh
See paragraph 8.1
XP0IR
XP0IE
XP0INT
00’0100h
40h
See paragraph 8.1
XP1IR
XP1IE
XP1INT
00’0104h
41h
See paragraph 8.1
XP2IR
XP2IE
XP2INT
00’0108h
42h
See paragraph 8.1
XP3IR
XP3IE
XP3INT
00’010Ch
43h
Hardware traps are exceptions or error conditions that arise during run-time. They cause
immediate non-maskable system reaction similar to a standard interrupt service (branching
to a dedicated vector table location).
The occurrence of a hardware trap is additionally signified by an individual bit in the trap flag
register (TFR). Except when another higher prioritized trap service is in progress, a
hardware trap will interrupt any other program execution. Hardware trap services cannot not
be interrupted by standard interrupt or by PEC interrupts.
8.1
X-Peripheral interrupt
The limited number of X-Bus interrupt lines of the present ST10 architecture, imposes some
constraints on the implementation of the new functionality. In particular, the additional XPeripherals SSC1, ASC1, I2C, PWM1 and RTC need some resources to implement interrupt
and PEC transfer capabilities. For this reason, a multiplexed structure for the interrupt
management is proposed. In Figure 16, the principle is explained through a simple diagram,
which shows the basic structure replicated for each of the four X-interrupt available vectors
(XP0INT, XP1INT, XP2INT and XP3INT).
It is based on a set of 16-bit registers XIRxSEL (x=0,1,2,3), divided in two portions each:
80/235
●
Byte High
XIRxSEL[15:8]
Interrupt Enable bits
●
Byte Low
XIRxSEL[7:0]
Interrupt Flag bits
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
ST10F276E
Interrupt system
When different sources submit an interrupt request, the enable bits (Byte High of XIRxSEL
register) define a mask which controls which sources will be associated with the unique
available vector. If more than one source is enabled to issue the request, the service routine
will have to take care to identify the real event to be serviced. This can easily be done by
checking the flag bits (Byte Low of XIRxSEL register). Note that the flag bits can also
provide information about events which are not currently serviced by the interrupt controller
(since masked through the enable bits), allowing an effective software management also in
absence of the possibility to serve the related interrupt request: a periodic polling of the flag
bits may be implemented inside the user application.
Figure 16. X-Interrupt basic structure
&LAG;=
8)2X3%,;=X
)4SOURCE
)4SOURCE
)4SOURCE
)4SOURCE
80X)#80X)2X
)4SOURCE
)4SOURCE
)4SOURCE
)4SOURCE
%NABLE;=
8)2X3%,;=X
'!0'2)
Table 41 summarizes the mapping of the different interrupt sources which share the four Xinterrupt vectors.
Table 41.
X-Interrupt detailed mapping
Interrupt source
CAN1 Interrupt
XP0INT
XP1INT
XP2INT
x
CAN2 Interrupt
XP3INT
x
x
x
I2C Receive
x
x
x
I2C Transmit
x
x
x
I2C Error
x
SSC1 Receive
x
x
x
SSC1 Transmit
x
x
x
SSC1 Error
x
ASC1 Receive
x
x
x
ASC1 Transmit
x
x
x
ASC1 Transmit Buffer
x
x
x
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Interrupt system
ST10F276E
Table 41.
X-Interrupt detailed mapping (continued)
Interrupt source
XP0INT
XP1INT
XP3INT
ASC1 Error
x
PLL Unlock / OWD
x
PWM1 Channel 3...0
8.2
XP2INT
x
x
Exception and error traps list
Table 42 shows all of the possible exceptions or error conditions that can arise during runtime.
Table 42.
Trap priorities
Trap
vector
Vector
location
Trap
number
Trap(1)
priority
RESET
RESET
RESET
00’0000h
00’0000h
00’0000h
00h
00h
00h
III
III
III
NMI
STKOF
STKUF
NMITRAP
STOTRAP
STUTRAP
00’0008h
00’0010h
00’0018h
02h
04h
06h
II
II
II
UNDOPC
MACTRP
PRTFLT
ILLOPA
ILLINA
ILLBUS
BTRAP
BTRAP
BTRAP
BTRAP
BTRAP
BTRAP
00’0028h
00’0028h
00’0028h
00’0028h
00’0028h
00’0028h
0Ah
0Ah
0Ah
0Ah
0Ah
0Ah
I
I
I
I
I
I
Reserved
[002Ch - 003Ch]
[0Bh - 0Fh]
Software Traps
TRAP Instruction
Any
0000h – 01FCh
in steps of 4h
Any
[00h - 7Fh]
Exception condition
Trap
flag
Reset Functions:
Hardware Reset
Software Reset
Watchdog Timer Overflow
Class A Hardware Traps:
Non-Maskable Interrupt
Stack Overflow
Stack Underflow
Class B Hardware Traps:
Undefined Opcode
MAC Interruption
Protected Instruction Fault
Illegal word Operand Access
Illegal Instruction Access
Illegal External Bus Access
Current
CPU
Priority
1. All the class B traps have the same trap number (and vector) and the same lower priority compare to the
class A traps and to the resets.
Each class A trap has a dedicated trap number (and vector). They are prioritized in the second priority
level.
The resets have the highest priority level and the same trap number.
The PSW.ILVL CPU priority is forced to the highest level (15) when these exceptions are serviced.
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ST10F276E
9
Capture / compare (CAPCOM) units
Capture / compare (CAPCOM) units
The ST10F276E has two 16-channel CAPCOM units which support generation and control
of timing sequences on up to 32 channels with a maximum resolution of 125ns at 64 MHz
CPU clock.
The CAPCOM units are typically used to handle high speed I/O tasks such as pulse and
waveform generation, pulse width modulation (PMW), Digital to Analog (D/A) conversion,
software timing, or time recording relative to external events.
Four 16-bit timers (T0/T1, T7/T8) with reload registers provide two independent time bases
for the capture/compare register array.
The input clock for the timers is programmable to several prescaled values of the internal
system clock, or may be derived from an overflow/underflow of timer T6 in module GPT2.
This provides a wide range of variation for the timer period and resolution and allows precise
adjustments to application specific requirements. In addition, external count inputs for
CAPCOM timers T0 and T7 allow event scheduling for the capture/compare registers
relative to external events.
Each of the two capture/compare register arrays contain 16 dual purpose capture/compare
registers, each of which may be individually allocated to either CAPCOM timer T0 or T1 (T7
or T8, respectively), and programmed for capture or compare functions. Each of the 32
registers has one associated port pin which serves as an input pin for triggering the capture
function, or as an output pin to indicate the occurrence of a compare event.
When a capture/compare register has been selected for capture mode, the current contents
of the allocated timer will be latched (captured) into the capture/compare register in
response to an external event at the port pin which is associated with this register. In
addition, a specific interrupt request for this capture/compare register is generated.
Either a positive, a negative, or both a positive and a negative external signal transition at
the pin can be selected as the triggering event. The contents of all registers which have
been selected for one of the five compare modes are continuously compared with the
contents of the allocated timers.
When a match occurs between the timer value and the value in a capture / compare
register, specific actions will be taken based on the selected compare mode.
The input frequencies fTx, for the timer input selector Tx, are determined as a function of the
CPU clocks. The timer input frequencies, resolution and periods which result from the
selected pre-scaler option in TxI when using a 40 MHz and 64 MHz CPU clock are listed in
the Table 44 and Table 45 respectively.
The numbers for the timer periods are based on a reload value of 0000h. Note that some
numbers may be rounded to three significant figures.
Table 43.
Compare modes
Compare modes
Function
Mode 0
Interrupt-only compare mode; several compare interrupts per timer period are possible
Mode 1
Pin toggles on each compare match; several compare events per timer period are possible
Mode 2
Interrupt-only compare mode; only one compare interrupt per timer period is generated
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Capture / compare (CAPCOM) units
Table 43.
ST10F276E
Compare modes (continued)
Compare modes
Function
Mode 3
Pin set ‘1’ on match; pin reset ‘0’ on compare time overflow; only one compare event per timer
period is generated
Double Register
Mode
Two registers operate on one pin; pin toggles on each compare match; several compare events
per timer period are possible.
Table 44.
CAPCOM timer input frequencies, resolutions and periods at 40 MHz
Timer input selection TxI
fCPU = 40 MHz
Prescaler for fCPU
000b
001b
010b
011b
100b
101b
110b
111b
8
16
32
64
128
256
512
1024
625 kHz
312.5 kHz
156.25 kHz
78.125 kHz
39.1 kHz
Input frequency
5 MHz
Resolution
200ns
400ns
0.8µs
1.6µs
3.2µs
6.4µs
12.8µs
25.6µs
Period
13.1ms
26.2ms
52.4ms
104.8 ms
209.7ms
419.4ms
838.9ms
1.678s
Table 45.
2.5 MHz 1.25 MHz
CAPCOM timer input frequencies, resolutions and periods at 64 MHz
Timer input selection TxI
fCPU = 64 MHz
000b
001b
010b
011b
100b
101b
110b
111b
8
16
32
64
128
256
512
1024
Input frequency
8 MHz
4 MHz
2 MHz
1 kHz
500 kHz
250 kHz
128 kHz
64 kHz
Resolution
125ns
250ns
0.5µs
1.0µs
2.0µs
4.0µs
8.0µs
16.0µs
Period
8.2ms
16.4ms
32.8ms
65.5ms
131.1ms
262.1ms
524.3ms
1.049s
Prescaler for fCPU
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ST10F276E
10
General purpose timer unit
General purpose timer unit
The GPT unit is a flexible multifunctional timer/counter structure which is used for time
related tasks such as event timing and counting, pulse width and duty cycle measurements,
pulse generation, or pulse multiplication. The GPT unit contains five 16-bit timers organized
into two separate modules GPT1 and GPT2. Each timer in each module may operate
independently in several different modes, or may be concatenated with another timer of the
same module.
10.1
GPT1
Each of the three timers T2, T3, T4 of the GPT1 module can be configured individually for
one of four basic modes of operation: timer, gated timer, counter mode and incremental
interface mode.
In timer mode, the input clock for a timer is derived from the CPU clock, divided by a
programmable prescaler.
In counter mode, the timer is clocked in reference to external events.
Pulse width or duty cycle measurement is supported in gated timer mode where the
operation of a timer is controlled by the ‘gate’ level on an external input pin. For these
purposes, each timer has one associated port pin (TxIN) which serves as gate or clock
input.
Table 46 and Table 47 list the timer input frequencies, resolution and periods for each prescaler option at 40 MHz and 64 MHz CPU clock respectively.
In Incremental Interface Mode, the GPT1 timers (T2, T3, T4) can be directly connected to
the incremental position sensor signals A and B by their respective inputs TxIN and TxEUD.
Direction and count signals are internally derived from these two input signals so that the
contents of the respective timer Tx corresponds to the sensor position. The third position
sensor signal TOP0 can be connected to an interrupt input.
Timer T3 has output toggle latches (TxOTL) which changes state on each timer over flow /
underflow. The state of this latch may be output on port pins (TxOUT) for time out monitoring
of external hardware components, or may be used internally to clock timers T2 and T4 for
high resolution of long duration measurements.
In addition to their basic operating modes, timers T2 and T4 may be configured as reload or
capture registers for timer T3.
Table 46.
GPT1 timer input frequencies, resolutions and periods at 40 MHz
Timer input selection T2I / T3I / T4I
fCPU = 40 MHz
000b
001b
010b
011b
100b
101b
110b
111b
Prescaler factor
8
16
32
64
128
256
512
1024
Input frequency
5 MHz
2.5 MHz
1.25 MHz
625 kHz
Resolution
200ns
400ns
0.8µs
1.6µs
3.2µs
6.4µs
12.8µs
25.6µs
Period maximum
13.1ms
26.2ms
52.4ms
104.8 ms
209.7ms
419.4ms
838.9ms
1.678s
312.5 kHz 156.25 kHz 78.125 kHz
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39.1 kHz
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General purpose timer unit
Table 47.
ST10F276E
GPT1 timer input frequencies, resolutions and periods at 64 MHz
Timer input selection T2I / T3I / T4I
fCPU = 64 MHz
000b
001b
010b
011b
100b
101b
110b
111b
Prescaler factor
8
16
32
64
128
256
512
1024
Input frequency
8 MHz
4 MHz
2 MHz
1 kHz
500 kHz
250 kHz
128 kHz
64 kHz
Resolution
125ns
250ns
0.5µs
1.0µs
2.0µs
4.0µs
8.0µs
16.0µs
Period maximum
8.2ms
16.4ms
32.8ms
65.5ms
131.1ms
262.1ms
524.3ms
1.049s
Figure 17. Block diagram of GPT1
5$
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)NTERRUPT
REQUEST
'04TIMER4
NN
#05CLOCK
4).
4MODE
CONTROL
2ELOAD
#APTURE
NN
#05CLOCK
4/54
4MODE
CONTROL
4).
'04TIMER4
4/4,
5$
4%5$
#APTURE
2ELOAD
NN
#05CLOCK
)NTERRUPT
REQUEST
4MODE
CONTROL
4).
'04TIMER4
4%5$
)NTERRUPT
REQUEST
5$
'!0'2)
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ST10F276E
10.2
General purpose timer unit
GPT2
The GPT2 module provides precise event control and time measurement. It includes two
timers (T5, T6) and a capture/reload register (CAPREL). Both timers can be clocked with an
input clock which is derived from the CPU clock via a programmable prescaler or with
external signals. The count direction (up/down) for each timer is programmable by software
or may additionally be altered dynamically by an external signal on a port pin (TxEUD).
Concatenation of the timers is supported via the output toggle latch (T6OTL) of timer T6
which changes its state on each timer overflow/underflow.
The state of this latch may be used to clock timer T5, or it may be output on a port pin
(T6OUT). The overflow / underflow of timer T6 can additionally be used to clock the
CAPCOM timers T0 or T1, and to cause a reload from the CAPREL register. The CAPREL
register may capture the contents of timer T5 based on an external signal transition on the
corresponding port pin (CAPIN), and timer T5 may optionally be cleared after the capture
procedure. This allows absolute time differences to be measured or pulse multiplication to
be performed without software overhead.
The capture trigger (timer T5 to CAPREL) may also be generated upon transitions of GPT1
timer T3 inputs T3IN and/or T3EUD. This is advantageous when T3 operates in Incremental
Interface Mode.
Table 48 and Table 49 list the timer input frequencies, resolution and periods for each prescaler option at 40 MHz and 64 MHz CPU clock respectively.
Table 48.
GPT2 timer input frequencies, resolutions and periods at 40 MHz
Timer input selection T5I / T6I
fCPU = 40MHz
000b
001b
010b
011b
100b
101b
110b
111b
Prescaler factor
4
8
16
32
64
128
256
512
Input frequency
10 MHz
5 MHz
2.5 MHz
1.25 MHz
625 kHz
Resolution
100ns
200ns
400ns
0.8µs
1.6µs
3.2µs
6.4µs
12.8µs
Period maximum
6.55ms
13.1ms
26.2ms
52.4ms
104.8ms
209.7ms
419.4ms
838.9ms
Table 49.
312.5 kHz 156.25 kHz 78.125 kHz
GPT2 timer input frequencies, resolutions and periods at 64 MHz
Timer input selection T5I / T6I
fCPU = 64MHz
000b
001b
010b
011b
100b
101b
110b
111b
Prescaler factor
4
8
16
32
64
128
256
512
Input frequency
16 MHz
8 MHz
4 MHz
2 MHz
1 kHz
500 kHz
250 kHz
128 kHz
Resolution
62.5ns
125ns
250ns
0.5µs
1.0µs
2.0µs
4.0µs
8.0µs
Period maximum
4.1ms
8.2ms
16.4ms
32.8ms
65.5ms
131.1ms
262.1ms
524.3ms
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General purpose timer unit
ST10F276E
Figure 18. Block diagram of GPT2
4%5$
5$
NN
#05CLOCK
4MODE
CONTROL
4).
)NTERRUPT
REQUEST
'04TIMER4
#LEAR
#APTURE
)NTERRUPT
REQUEST
#!0).
'04#!02%,
2ELOAD
4OGGLE&&
4).
NN
#05CLOCK
)NTERRUPT
REQUEST
4MODE
CONTROL
'04TIMER4
44,
4/54
5$
4%5$
4O#!0#/-TIMERS
'!0'2)
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ST10F276E
11
PWM modules
PWM modules
Two pulse width modulation modules are available on ST10F276E: standard PWM0 and
XBUS PWM1. They can generate up to four PWM output signals each, using edge-aligned
or centre-aligned PWM. In addition, the PWM modules can generate PWM burst signals and
single shot outputs. Table 50 and Table 51 show the PWM frequencies for different
resolutions. The level of the output signals is selectable and the PWM modules can
generate interrupt requests.
Figure 19. Block diagram of PWM module
00XPERIODREGISTER
-ATCH
#OMPARATOR
#LOCK
#LOCK
)NPUT
CONTROL
2UN
04X
BITUPDOWNCOUNTER
#OMPARATOR
5PDOWN
CLEARCONTROL
-ATCH
0/54X
/UTPUTCONTROL
%NABLE
3HADOWREGISTER
7RITECONTROL
07XPULSEWIDTHREGISTER
5SERREADABLEWRITEABLEREGISTER
'!0'2)
1.
Table 50.
Mode
User readable / writeable register
PWM unit frequencies and resolutions at 40 MHz CPU clock
CPU clock
divided by
Resolution
8-bit
10-bit
12-bit
14-bit
16-bit
1
25ns
156.25 kHz
39.1 kHz
9.77 kHz
2.44 Hz
610 Hz
64
1.6µs
2.44 kHz
610 Hz
152.6 Hz
38.15 Hz
9.54 Hz
1
25ns
78.12 kHz
19.53 kHz
4.88 kHz
1.22 kHz
305.2 Hz
64
1.6µs
1.22 kHz
305.17 Hz
76.29 Hz
19.07 Hz
4.77 Hz
0
1
Table 51.
Mode
PWM unit frequencies and resolutions at 64 MHz CPU clock
CPU clock
divided by
Resolution
8-bit
10-bit
12-bit
14-bit
16-bit
1
15.6ns
250 kHz
62.5 kHz
15.63 kHz
3.91 Hz
977 Hz
64
1.0µs
3.91 kHz
976.6 Hz
244.1Hz
61.01 Hz
15.26 Hz
1
15.6ns
125 kHz
31.25 kHz
7.81 kHz
1.95 kHz
488.3 Hz
64
1.0µs
1.95 kHz
488.28 Hz
122.07 Hz
30.52 Hz
7.63 Hz
0
1
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Parallel ports
ST10F276E
12
Parallel ports
12.1
Introduction
The ST10F276E MCU provides up to 111 I/O lines with programmable features. These
capabilities bring very flexible adaptation of this MCU to wide range of applications.
ST10F276E has nine groups of I/O lines gathered as follows:
●
Port 0 is a two time 8-bit port named P0L (Low as less significant byte) and P0H (high
as most significant byte)
●
Port 1 is a two time 8-bit port named P1L and P1H
●
Port 2 is a 16-bit port
●
Port 3 is a 15-bit port (P3.14 line is not implemented)
●
Port 4 is a 8-bit port
●
Port 5 is a 16-bit port input only
●
Port 6, Port 7 and Port 8 are 8-bit ports
These ports may be used as general purpose bidirectional input or output, software
controlled with dedicated registers.
For example, the output drivers of six of the ports (2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8) can be configured (bitwise) for push-pull or open drain operation using ODPx registers.
The input threshold levels are programmable (TTL/CMOS) for all the ports. The logic level of
a pin is clocked into the input latch once per state time, regardless whether the port is
configured for input or output. The threshold is selected with PICON and XPICON registers
control bits.
A write operation to a port pin configured as an input causes the value to be written into the
port output latch, while a read operation returns the latched state of the pin itself. A readmodify-write operation reads the value of the pin, modifies it, and writes it back to the output
latch.
Writing to a pin configured as an output (DPx.y=‘1’) causes the output latch and the pin to
have the written value, since the output buffer is enabled. Reading this pin returns the value
of the output latch. A read-modify-write operation reads the value of the output latch,
modifies it, and writes it back to the output latch, thus also modifying the level at the pin.
I/O lines support an alternate function which is detailed in the following description of each
port.
12.2
I/O’s special features
12.2.1
Open drain mode
Some of the I/O ports of ST10F276E support the open drain capability. This programmable
feature may be used with an external pull-up resistor, in order to get an AND wired logical
function.
This feature is implemented for ports P2, P3, P4, P6, P7 and P8 (see respective sections),
and is controlled through the respective Open Drain Control Registers ODPx.
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ST10F276E
12.2.2
Parallel ports
Input threshold control
The standard inputs of the ST10F276E determine the status of input signals according to
TTL levels. In order to accept and recognize noisy signals, CMOS input thresholds can be
selected instead of the standard TTL thresholds for all the pins. These CMOS thresholds
are defined above the TTL thresholds and feature a higher hysteresis to prevent the inputs
from toggling while the respective input signal level is near the thresholds.
The Port Input Control registers PICON and XPICON are used to select these thresholds for
each Byte of the indicated ports, this means the 8-bit ports P0L, P0H, P1L, P1H, P4, P7 and
P8 are controlled by one bit each while ports P2, P3 and P5 are controlled by two bits each.
All options for individual direction and output mode control are available for each pin,
independent of the selected input threshold.
12.3
Alternate port functions
Each port line has one associated programmable alternate input or output function.
●
PORT0 and PORT1 may be used as address and data lines when accessing external
memory. Besides, PORT1 provides also:
–
Input capture lines
–
8 additional analog input channels to the A/D converter
●
Port 2, Port 7 and Port 8 are associated with the capture inputs or compare outputs of
the CAPCOM units and/or with the outputs of the PWM0 module, of the PWM1 module
and of the ASC1.
Port 2 is also used for fast external interrupt inputs and for timer 7 input.
●
Port 3 includes the alternate functions of timers, serial interfaces, the optional bus
control signal BHE and the system clock output (CLKOUT).
●
Port 4 outputs the additional segment address bit A23...A16 in systems where more
than 64 Kbytes of memory are to be access directly. In addition, CAN1, CAN2 and I2C
lines are provided.
●
Port 5 is used as analog input channels of the A/D converter or as timer control signals.
●
Port 6 provides optional bus arbitration signals (BREQ, HLDA, HOLD) and chip select
signals and the SSC1 lines.
If the alternate output function of a pin is to be used, the direction of this pin must be
programmed for output (DPx.y=‘1’), except for some signals that are used directly after reset
and are configured automatically. Otherwise the pin remains in the high-impedance state
and is not effected by the alternate output function. The respective port latch should hold a
‘1’, because its output is ANDed with the alternate output data (except for PWM output
signals).
If the alternate input function of a pin is used, the direction of the pin must be programmed
for input (DPx.y=‘0’) if an external device is driving the pin. The input direction is the default
after reset. If no external device is connected to the pin, however, one can also set the
direction for this pin to output. In this case, the pin reflects the state of the port output latch.
Thus, the alternate input function reads the value stored in the port output latch. This can be
used for testing purposes to allow a software trigger of an alternate input function by writing
to the port output latch.
On most of the port lines, the user software is responsible for setting the proper direction
when using an alternate input or output function of a pin.
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Parallel ports
ST10F276E
This is done by setting or clearing the direction control bit DPx.y of the pin before enabling
the alternate function.
There are port lines, however, where the direction of the port line is switched automatically.
For instance, in the multiplexed external bus modes of PORT0, the direction must be
switched several times for an instruction fetch in order to output the addresses and to input
the data.
Obviously, this cannot be done through instructions. In these cases, the direction of the port
line is switched automatically by hardware if the alternate function of such a pin is enabled.
To determine the appropriate level of the port output latches check how the alternate data
output is combined with the respective port latch output.
There is one basic structure for all port lines with only an alternate input function. Port lines
with only an alternate output function, however, have different structures due to the way the
direction of the pin is switched and depending on whether the pin is accessible by the user
software or not in the alternate function mode.
All port lines that are not used for these alternate functions may be used as general purpose
I/O lines.
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ST10F276E
13
A/D converter
A/D converter
A 10-bit A/D converter with 16+8 multiplexed input channels and a sample and hold circuit is
integrated on-chip. An automatic self-calibration adjusts the A/D converter module to
process parameter variations at each reset event. The sample time (for loading the
capacitors) and the conversion time is programmable and can be adjusted to the external
circuitry.
The ST10F276E has 16+8 multiplexed input channels on Port 5 and Port 1. The selection
between Port 5 and Port 1 is made via a bit in a XBus register. Refer to the user manual for
a detailed description.
A different accuracy is guaranteed (Total Unadjusted Error) on Port 5 and Port 1 analog
channels (with higher restrictions when overload conditions occur); in particular, Port 5
channels are more accurate than the Port 1 ones. Refer to Chapter 23: Electrical
characteristics for details.
The A/D converter input bandwidth is limited by the achievable accuracy: supposing a
maximum error of 0.5 LSB (2mV) impacting the global TUE (TUE depends also on other
causes), in worst case of temperature and process, the maximum frequency for a sine wave
analog signal is around 7.5 kHz. Of course, to reduce the effect of the input signal variation
on the accuracy down to 0.05 LSB, the maximum input frequency of the sine wave shall be
reduced to 800 Hz.
If static signal is applied during sampling phase, series resistance shall not be greater than
20kΩ (this taking into account eventual input leakage). It is suggested to not connect any
capacitance on analog input pins, in order to reduce the effect of charge partitioning (and
consequent voltage drop error) between the external and the internal capacitance: in case
an RC filter is necessary the external capacitance must be greater than 10nF to minimize
the accuracy impact.
Overrun error detection / protection is controlled by the ADDAT register. Either an interrupt
request is generated when the result of a previous conversion has not been read from the
result register at the time the next conversion is complete, or the next conversion is
suspended until the previous result has been read. For applications which require less than
16+8 analog input channels, the remaining channel inputs can be used as digital input port
pins.
The A/D converter of the ST10F276E supports different conversion modes:
●
Single channel single conversion: The analog level of the selected channel is
sampled once and converted. The result of the conversion is stored in the ADDAT
register.
●
Single channel continuous conversion: The analog level of the selected channel is
repeatedly sampled and converted. The result of the conversion is stored in the ADDAT
register.
●
Auto scan single conversion: The analog level of the selected channels are sampled
once and converted. After each conversion the result is stored in the ADDAT register.
The data can be transferred to the RAM by interrupt software management or using the
powerful Peripheral Event Controller (PEC) data transfer.
●
Auto scan continuous conversion: The analog level of the selected channels are
repeatedly sampled and converted. The result of the conversion is stored in the ADDAT
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A/D converter
ST10F276E
register. The data can be transferred to the RAM by interrupt software management or
using the PEC data transfer.
●
Wait for ADDAT read mode: When using continuous modes, in order to avoid to
overwrite the result of the current conversion by the next one, the ADWR bit of ADCON
control register must be activated. Then, until the ADDAT register is read, the new
result is stored in a temporary buffer and the conversion is on hold.
●
Channel injection mode: When using continuous modes, a selected channel can be
converted in between without changing the current operating mode. The 10-bit data of
the conversion are stored in ADRES field of ADDAT2. The current continuous mode
remains active after the single conversion is completed.
A full calibration sequence is performed after a reset. This full calibration lasts up to 40.630
CPU clock cycles. During this time, the busy flag ADBSY is set to indicate the operation. It
compensates the capacitance mismatch, so the calibration procedure does not need any
update during normal operation.
No conversion can be performed during this time: the bit ADBSY shall be polled to verify
when the calibration is over, and the module is able to start a conversion.
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14
Serial channels
Serial channels
Serial communication with other microcontrollers, microprocessors, terminals or external
peripheral components is provided by up to four serial interfaces: two asynchronous /
synchronous serial channels (ASC0 and ASC1) and two high-speed synchronous serial
channel (SSC0 and SSC1). Dedicated Baud rate generators set up all standard Baud rates
without the requirement of oscillator tuning. For transmission, reception and erroneous
reception, separate interrupt vectors are provided for ASC0 and SSC0 serial channel. A
more complex mechanism of interrupt sources multiplexing is implemented for ASC1 and
SSC1 (XBUS mapped).
14.1
Asynchronous / synchronous serial interfaces
The asynchronous / synchronous serial interfaces (ASC0 and ASC1) provides serial
communication between the ST10F276E and other microcontrollers, microprocessors or
external peripherals.
14.2
ASCx in asynchronous mode
In asynchronous mode, 8- or 9-bit data transfer, parity generation and the number of stop
bits can be selected. Parity framing and overrun error detection is provided to increase the
reliability of data transfers. Transmission and reception of data is double-buffered. Fullduplex communication up to 2M bauds (at 64 MHz of fCPU) is supported in this mode.
Table 52.
ASC asynchronous baud rates by reload value and deviation errors (fCPU = 40 MHz)
S0BRS = ‘0’, fCPU = 40 MHz
S0BRS = ‘1’, fCPU = 40 MHz
Baud rate
(baud)
Deviation error
Reload value
(hex)
Baud rate
(baud)
Deviation error
Reload value
(hex)
1 250 000
0.0% / 0.0%
0000 / 0000
833 333
0.0% / 0.0%
0000 / 0000
112 000
+1.5% / -7.0%
000A / 000B
112 000
+6.3% / -7.0%
0006 / 0007
56 000
+1.5% / -3.0%
0015 / 0016
56 000
+6.3% / -0.8%
000D / 000E
38 400
+1.7% / -1.4%
001F / 0020
38 400
+3.3% / -1.4%
0014 / 0015
19 200
+0.2% / -1.4%
0040 / 0041
19 200
+0.9% / -1.4%
002A / 002B
9 600
+0.2% / -0.6%
0081 / 0082
9 600
+0.9% / -0.2%
0055 / 0056
4 800
+0.2% / -0.2%
0103 / 0104
4 800
+0.4% / -0.2%
00AC / 00AD
2 400
+0.2% / 0.0%
0207 / 0208
2 400
+0.1% / -0.2%
015A / 015B
1 200
0.1% / 0.0%
0410 / 0411
1 200
+0.1% / -0.1%
02B5 / 02B6
600
0.0% / 0.0%
0822 / 0823
600
+0.1% / 0.0%
056B / 056C
300
0.0% / 0.0%
1045 / 1046
300
0.0% / 0.0%
0AD8 / 0AD9
153
0.0% / 0.0%
1FE8 / 1FE9
102
0.0% / 0.0%
1FE8 / 1FE9
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Serial channels
Table 53.
ST10F276E
ASC asynchronous baud rates by reload value and deviation errors (fCPU = 64 MHz)
S0BRS = ‘0’, fCPU = 64 MHz
S0BRS = ‘1’, fCPU = 64 MHz
Baud rate
(baud)
Deviation error
Reload value
(hex)
Baud rate
(baud)
Deviation error
Reload value
(hex)
2 000 000
0.0% / 0.0%
0000 / 0000
1 333 333
0.0% / 0.0%
0000 / 0000
112 000
+1.5% / -7.0%
0010 / 0011
112 000
+6.3% / -7.0%
000A / 000B
56 000
+1.5% / -3.0%
0022 / 0023
56 000
+6.3% / -0.8%
0016 / 0017
38 400
+1.7% / -1.4%
0033 / 0034
38 400
+3.3% / -1.4%
0021 / 0022
19 200
+0.2% / -1.4%
0067 / 0068
19 200
+0.9% / -1.4%
0044 / 0045
9 600
+0.2% / -0.6%
00CF / 00D0
9 600
+0.9% / -0.2%
0089 / 008A
4 800
+0.2% / -0.2%
019F / 01A0
4 800
+0.4% / -0.2%
0114 / 0115
2 400
+0.2% / 0.0%
0340 / 0341
2 400
+0.1% / -0.2%
022A / 015B
1 200
0.1% / 0.0%
0681 / 0682
1 200
+0.1% / -0.1%
0456 / 0457
600
0.0% / 0.0%
0D04 / 0D05
600
+0.1% / 0.0%
08AD / 08AE
300
0.0% / 0.0%
1A09 / 1A0A
300
0.0% / 0.0%
115B / 115C
245
0.0% / 0.0%
1FE2 / 1FE3
163
0.0% / 0.0%
1FF2 / 1FF3
Note:
The deviation errors given in the Table 52 and Table 53 are rounded. To avoid deviation
errors use a Baud rate crystal (providing a multiple of the ASC0 sampling frequency).
14.3
ASCx in synchronous mode
In synchronous mode, data is transmitted or received synchronously to a shift clock which is
generated by the ST10F276E. Half-duplex communication up to 8M baud (at 40 MHz of
fCPU) is possible in this mode.
Table 54.
ASC synchronous baud rates by reload value and deviation errors (fCPU = 40 MHz)
S0BRS = ‘0’, fCPU = 40 MHz
S0BRS = ‘1’, fCPU = 40 MHz
Baud rate
(baud)
Deviation error
Reload value
(hex)
Baud rate
(baud)
Deviation error
Reload value
(hex)
5 000 000
0.0% / 0.0%
0000 / 0000
3 333 333
0.0% / 0.0%
0000 / 0000
112 000
+1.5% / -0.8%
002B / 002C
112 000
+2.6% / -0.8%
001C / 001D
56 000
+0.3% / -0.8%
0058 / 0059
56 000
+0.9% / -0.8%
003A / 003B
38 400
+0.2% / -0.6%
0081 / 0082
38 400
+0.9% / -0.2%
0055 / 0056
19 200
+0.2% / -0.2%
0103 / 0104
19 200
+0.4% / -0.2%
00AC / 00AD
9 600
+0.2% / 0.0%
0207 / 0208
9 600
+0.1% / -0.2%
015A / 015B
4 800
+0.1% / 0.0%
0410 / 0411
4 800
+0.1% / -0.1%
02B5 / 02B6
2 400
0.0% / 0.0%
0822 / 0823
2 400
+0.1% / 0.0%
056B / 056C
1 200
0.0% / 0.0%
1045 / 1046
1 200
0.0% / 0.0%
0AD8 / 0AD9
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Table 54.
Serial channels
ASC synchronous baud rates by reload value and deviation errors (fCPU = 40 MHz)
S0BRS = ‘0’, fCPU = 40 MHz
S0BRS = ‘1’, fCPU = 40 MHz
Baud rate
(baud)
Deviation error
Reload value
(hex)
Baud rate
(baud)
Deviation error
Reload value
(hex)
900
0.0% / 0.0%
15B2 / 15B3
600
0.0% / 0.0%
15B2 / 15B3
612
0.0% / 0.0%
1FE8 / 1FE9
407
0.0% / 0.0%
1FFD / 1FFE
Table 55.
ASC synchronous baud rates by reload value and deviation errors (fCPU = 64 MHz)
S0BRS = ‘0’, fCPU = 64 MHz
S0BRS = ‘1’, fCPU = 64 MHz
Baud rate
(baud)
Deviation error
Reload value
(hex)
Baud rate
(baud)
Deviation error
Reload value
(hex)
8 000 000
0.0% / 0.0%
0000 / 0000
5 333 333
0.0% / 0.0%
0000 / 0000
112 000
+0.6% / -0.8%
0046 / 0047
112 000
+1.3% / -0.8%
002E / 002F
56 000
+0.6% / -0.1%
008D / 008E
56 000
+0.3% / -0.8%
005E / 005F
38 400
+0.2% / -0.3%
00CF / 00D0
38 400
+0.6% / -0.1%
0089 / 008A
19 200
+0.2% / -0.1%
019F / 01A0
19 200
+0.3% / -0.1%
0114 / 0115
9 600
+0.0% / -0.1%
0340 / 0341
9 600
+0.1% / -0.1%
022A / 022B
4 800
0.0% / 0.0%
0681 / 0682
4 800
0.0% / -0.1%
0456 / 0457
2 400
0.0% / 0.0%
0D04 / 0D05
2 400
0.0% / 0.0%
08AD / 08AE
1 200
0.0% / 0.0%
1A09 / 1A0A
1 200
0.0% / 0.0%
115B / 115C
977
0.0% / 0.0%
1FFB / 1FFC
900
0.0% / 0.0%
1724 / 1725
652
0.0% / 0.0%
1FF2 / 1FF3
Note:
The deviation errors given in the Table 54 and Table 55 are rounded. To avoid deviation
errors use a Baud rate crystal (providing a multiple of the ASC0 sampling frequency)
14.4
High speed synchronous serial interfaces
The High-Speed Synchronous Serial Interfaces (SSC0 and SSC1) provides flexible highspeed serial communication between the ST10F276E and other microcontrollers,
microprocessors or external peripherals.
The SSCx supports full-duplex and half-duplex synchronous communication. The serial
clock signal can be generated by the SSCx itself (master mode) or be received from an
external master (slave mode). Data width, shift direction, clock polarity and phase are
programmable.
This allows communication with SPI-compatible devices. Transmission and reception of data
is double-buffered. A 16-bit Baud rate generator provides the SSCx with a separate serial
clock signal. The serial channel SSCx has its own dedicated 16-bit Baud rate generator with
16-bit reload capability, allowing Baud rate generation independent from the timers.
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Serial channels
ST10F276E
Table 56 and Table 57 list some possible Baud rates against the required reload values and
the resulting bit times for 40 MHz and 64 MHz CPU clock respectively. The maximum is
anyway limited to 8 Mbaud.
Table 56.
Synchronous baud rate and reload values (fCPU = 40 MHz)
Baud rate
Bit time
Reload value
Reserved
---
0000h
Can be used only with fCPU = 32 MHz (or lower)
---
0001h
6.6M Baud
150ns
0002h
5M Baud
200ns
0003h
2.5M Baud
400ns
0007h
1M Baud
1µs
0013h
100K Baud
10µs
00C7h
10K Baud
100µs
07CFh
1K Baud
1ms
4E1Fh
306 Baud
3.26ms
FF4Eh
Table 57.
Synchronous baud rate and reload values (fCPU = 64 MHz)
Baud rate
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Bit time
Reload value
Reserved
---
0000h
Can be used only with fCPU = 32 MHz (or lower)
---
0001h
Can be used only with fCPU = 48 MHz (or lower)
---
0002h
8M Baud
125ns
0003h
4M Baud
250ns
0007h
1M Baud
1µs
001Fh
100K Baud
10µs
013Fh
10K Baud
100µs
0C7Fh
1K Baud
1ms
7CFFh
489 Baud
2.04ms
FF9Eh
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15
I2C interface
I2C interface
The integrated I2C Bus Module handles the transmission and reception of frames over the
two-line SDA/SCL in accordance with the I2C Bus specification. The I2C Module can
operate in slave mode, in master mode or in multi-master mode. It can receive and transmit
data using 7-bit or 10-bit addressing. Data can be transferred at speeds up to 400 Kbit/s
(both Standard and Fast I2C bus modes are supported).
The module can generate three different types of interrupt:
●
Requests related to bus events, like start or stop events, arbitration lost, etc.
●
Requests related to data transmission
●
Requests related to data reception
These requests are issued to the interrupt controller by three different lines, and identified as
Error, Transmit, and Receive interrupt lines.
When the I2C module is enabled by setting bit XI2CEN in XPERCON register, pins P4.4 and
P4.7 (where SCL and SDA are respectively mapped as alternate functions) are
automatically configured as bidirectional open-drain: the value of the external pull-up
resistor depends on the application. P4, DP4 and ODP4 cannot influence the pin
configuration.
When the I2C cell is disabled (clearing bit XI2CEN), P4.4 and P4.7 pins are standard I/ O
controlled by P4, DP4 and ODP4.
The speed of the I2C interface may be selected between Standard mode (0 to 100 kHz) and
Fast I2C mode (100 to 400 kHz).
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CAN modules
16
ST10F276E
CAN modules
The two integrated CAN modules (CAN1 and CAN2) are identical and handle the
completely autonomous transmission and reception of CAN frames according to the CAN
specification V2.0 part B (active). It is based on the C-CAN specification.
Each on-chip CAN module can receive and transmit standard frames with 11-bit identifiers
as well as extended frames with 29-bit identifiers.
Because of duplication of the CAN controllers, the following adjustments are to be
considered:
●
Same internal register addresses of both CAN controllers, but with base addresses
differing in address bit A8; separate chip select for each CAN module. Refer to
Chapter 4: Internal Flash memory.
●
The CAN1 transmit line (CAN1_TxD) is the alternate function of the Port P4.6 pin and
the receive line (CAN1_RxD) is the alternate function of the Port P4.5 pin.
●
The CAN2 transmit line (CAN2_TxD) is the alternate function of the Port P4.7 pin and
the receive line (CAN2_RxD) is the alternate function of the Port P4.4 pin.
●
Interrupt request lines of the CAN1 and CAN2 modules are connected to the XBUS
interrupt lines together with other X-Peripherals sharing the four vectors.
●
The CAN modules must be selected with corresponding CANxEN bit of XPERCON
register before the bit XPEN of SYSCON register is set.
●
The reset default configuration is: CAN1 enabled, CAN2 disabled.
Note:
If one or both CAN modules is used, Port 4 cannot be programmed to output all 8 segment
address lines. Thus, only four segment address lines can be used, reducing the external
memory space to 5 Mbytes (1 Mbyte per CS line).
16.1
Configuration support
It is possible that both CAN controllers are working on the same CAN bus, supporting
together up to 64 message objects. In this configuration, both receive signals and both
transmit signals are linked together when using the same CAN transceiver. This
configuration is especially supported by providing open drain outputs for the CAN1_Txd and
CAN2_TxD signals. The open drain function is controlled with the ODP4 register for port P4:
in this way it is possible to connect together P4.4 with P4.5 (receive lines) and P4.6 with
P4.7 (transmit lines configured to be configured as Open-Drain).
The user is also allowed to map internally both CAN modules on the same pins P4.5 and
P4.6. In this way, P4.4 and P4.7 may be used either as general purpose I/O lines, or used
for I2C interface. This is possible by setting bit CANPAR of XMISC register. To access this
register it is necessary to set bit XMISCEN of XPERCON register and bit XPEN of SYSCON
register.
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16.2
CAN modules
CAN bus configurations
Depending on application, CAN bus configuration may be one single bus with a single or
multiple interfaces or a multiple bus with a single or multiple interfaces. The ST10F276E is
able to support these two cases.
Single CAN bus
The single CAN Bus multiple interfaces configuration may be implemented using two CAN
transceivers as shown in Figure 20.
Figure 20. Connection to single CAN bus via separate CAN transceivers
8-)3##!.0!2
#!.
28
#!.
48
0
28
0
0
#!.
TRANSCEIVER
48
0
#!.
TRANSCEIVER
#!.?(
#!.?,
#!.BUS
'!0'2)
The ST10F276E also supports single CAN Bus multiple (dual) interfaces using the open
drain option of the CANx_TxD output as shown in Figure 21. Thanks to the OR-Wired
Connection, only one transceiver is required. In this case the design of the application must
take in account the wire length and the noise environment.
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CAN modules
ST10F276E
Figure 21. Connection to single CAN bus via common CAN transceivers
8-)3##!.0!2
#!.
28
#!.
48
28
48
6
0
0
/$
K7
0
0
/$
#!.
TRANSCEIVER
#!.?(
#!.BUS
#!.?,
/$ /PENDRAINOUTPUT
'!0'2)
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CAN modules
Multiple CAN bus
The ST10F276E provides two CAN interfaces to support such kind of bus configuration as
shown in Figure 22.
Figure 22. Connection to two different CAN buses (e.g. for gateway application)
8-)3##!.0!2
#!.
28
#!.
48
0
28
0
#!.
TRANSCEIVER
48
0
0
#!.
TRANSCEIVER
#!.?(
#!.?(
#!.?,
#!.?,
#!.BUS
#!.BUS
'!0'2)
Parallel Mode
In addition to previous configurations, a parallel mode is supported. This is shown in
Figure 23.
Figure 23. Connection to one CAN bus with internal Parallel Mode enabled
#!.
28
8-)3##!.0!2
"OTH#!.ENABLED
#!.
48
0
28
0
48
0
0
#!.
TRANSCEIVER
#!.?(
#!.BUS
#!.?,
'!0'2)
1. P4.4 and P4.7 when not used as CAN functions can be used as general purpose I/O while they cannot be
used as external bus address lines.
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Real-time clock
17
ST10F276E
Real-time clock
The Real-Time Clock is an independent timer, in which the clock is derived directly from the
clock oscillator on XTAL1 (main oscillator) input or XTAL3 input (32 kHz low-power oscillator)
so that it can be kept on running even in Idle or Power down mode (if enabled to). Registers
access is implemented onto the XBUS. This module is designed with the following
characteristics:
●
Generation of the current time and date for the system
●
Cyclic time based interrupt, on Port2 external interrupts every ‘RTC basic clock tick’
and after n ’RTC basic clock ticks’ (n is programmable) if enabled
●
58-bit timer for long term measurement
●
Capability to exit the ST10 chip from Power down mode (if PWDCFG of SYSCON set)
after a programmed delay
The real-time clock is based on two main blocks of counters. The first block is a prescaler
which generates a basic reference clock (for example a 1 second period). This basic
reference clock is coming out of a 20-bit DIVIDER. This 20-bit counter is driven by an input
clock derived from the on-chip CPU clock, pre-divided by a 1/64 fixed counter. This 20-bit
counter is loaded at each basic reference clock period with the value of the 20-bit
PRESCALER register. The value of the 20-bit RTCP register determines the period of the
basic reference clock.
A timed interrupt request (RTCSI) may be sent on each basic reference clock period. The
second block of the RTC is a 32-bit counter that may be initialized with the current system
time. This counter is driven with the basic reference clock signal. In order to provide an
alarm function the contents of the counter is compared with a 32-bit alarm register. The
alarm register may be loaded with a reference date. An alarm interrupt request (RTCAI),
may be generated when the value of the counter matches the alarm register.
The timed RTCSI and the alarm RTCAI interrupt requests can trigger a fast external
interrupt via EXISEL register of port 2 and wake-up the ST10 chip when running power
down mode. Using the RTCOFF bit of RTCCON register, the user may switch off the clock
oscillator when entering the power down mode.
The last function implemented in the RTC is to switch off the main on-chip oscillator and the
32 kHz on-chip oscillator if the ST10 enters the Power Down mode, so that the chip can be
fully switched off (if RTC is disabled).
At power on, and after Reset phase, if the presence of a 32 kHz oscillation on XTAL3 /
XTAL4 pins is detected, then the RTC counter is driven by this low frequency reference
clock: when Power Down mode is entered, the RTC can either be stopped or left running,
and in both the cases the main oscillator is turned off, reducing the power consumption of
the device to the minimum required to keep on running the RTC counter and relative
reference oscillator. This is valid also if Stand-by mode is entered (switching off the main
supply VDD), since both the RTC and the low power oscillator (32 kHz) are biased by the
VSTBY. Vice versa, when at power on and after Reset, the 32 kHz is not present, the main
oscillator drives the RTC counter, and since it is powered by the main power supply, it
cannot be maintained running in Stand-by mode, while in Power Down mode the main
oscillator is maintained running to provide the reference to the RTC module (if not disabled).
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18
Watchdog timer
Watchdog timer
The Watchdog Timer is a fail-safe mechanism which prevents the microcontroller from
malfunctioning for long periods of time.
The Watchdog Timer is always enabled after a reset of the chip and can only be disabled in
the time interval until the EINIT (end of initialization) instruction has been executed.
Therefore, the chip start-up procedure is always monitored. The software must be designed
to service the watchdog timer before it overflows. If, due to hardware or software related
failures, the software fails to do so, the watchdog timer overflows and generates an internal
hardware reset. It pulls the RSTOUT pin low in order to allow external hardware components
to be reset.
Each of the different reset sources is indicated in the WDTCON register:
●
Watchdog Timer Reset in case of an overflow
●
Software Reset in case of execution of the SRST instruction
●
Short, Long and Power-On Reset in case of hardware reset (and depending of reset
pulse duration and RPD pin configuration)
The indicated bits are cleared with the EINIT instruction. The source of the reset can be
identified during the initialization phase.
The Watchdog Timer is 16-bit, clocked with the system clock divided by 2 or 128. The high
Byte of the watchdog timer register can be set to a pre-specified reload value (stored in
WDTREL).
Each time it is serviced by the application software, the high byte of the watchdog timer is
reloaded. For security, rewrite WDTCON each time before the watchdog timer is serviced
Table 58 and Table 59 show the watchdog time range for 40 MHz and 64 MHz CPU clock
respectively.
Table 58.
WDTREL reload value (fCPU = 40 MHz)
Prescaler for fCPU = 40 MHz
Reload value in WDTREL
Table 59.
2 (WDTIN = ‘0’)
128 (WDTIN = ‘1’)
FFh
12.8µs
819.2µs
00h
3.277ms
209.7ms
WDTREL reload value (fCPU = 64 MHz)
Prescaler for fCPU = 64 MHz
Reload value in WDTREL
2 (WDTIN = ‘0’)
128 (WDTIN = ‘1’)
FFh
8µs
512µs
00h
2.048ms
131.1ms
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System reset
19
ST10F276E
System reset
System reset initializes the MCU in a predefined state. There are six ways to activate a reset
state. The system start-up configuration is different for each case as shown in Table 60.
Table 60.
Reset event definition
Reset source
Power-on reset
Flag
RPD status
PONR
Low
Power-on
Low
tRSTIN >(1)
High
tRSTIN > (1032 + 12) TCL + max(4 TCL, 500ns)(2)
tRSTIN > max(4 TCL, 500ns)
tRSTIN < (1032 + 12) TCL + max(4 TCL, 500ns)(2)
Asynchronous Hardware reset
LHWR
Synchronous Long Hardware reset
Conditions
Synchronous Short Hardware reset
SHWR
High
Watchdog Timer reset
WDTR
(3)
WDT overflow
SWR
(3)
SRST instruction execution
Software reset
1. RSTIN pulse should be longer than 500ns (Filter) and than settling time for configuration of Port0.
2. See next Section 19.1 for more details on minimum reset pulse duration.
3. The RPD status has no influence unless Bidirectional Reset is activated (bit BDRSTEN in SYSCON): RPD low inhibits the
Bidirectional reset on SW and WDT reset events, that is RSTIN is not activated (refer to sections 19.4, 19.5 and 19.6).
19.1
Input filter
On RSTIN input pin an on-chip RC filter is implemented. It is sized to filter all the spikes
shorter than 50ns. On the other side, a valid pulse shall be longer than 500ns to grant that
ST10 recognizes a reset command. In between 50ns and 500ns a pulse can either be
filtered or recognized as valid, depending on the operating conditions and process
variations.
For this reason all minimum durations mentioned in this Chapter for the different kind of
reset events shall be carefully evaluated taking into account of the above requirements.
In particular, for Short Hardware Reset, where only 4 TCL is specified as minimum input
reset pulse duration, the operating frequency is a key factor. Examples:
106/235
●
For a CPU clock of 64 MHz, 4 TCL is 31.25ns, so it would be filtered. In this case the
minimum becomes the one imposed by the filter (that is 500ns).
●
For a CPU clock of 4 MHz, 4 TCL is 500ns. In this case the minimum from the formula
is coherent with the limit imposed by the filter.
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ST10F276E
19.2
System reset
Asynchronous reset
An asynchronous reset is triggered when RSTIN pin is pulled low while RPD pin is at low
level. Then the ST10F276E is immediately (after the input filter delay) forced in reset default
state. It pulls low RSTOUT pin, it cancels pending internal hold states if any, it aborts all
internal/external bus cycles, it switches buses (data, address and control signals) and I/O
pin drivers to high-impedance, it pulls high Port0 pins.
Note:
If an asynchronous reset occurs during a read or write phase in internal memories, the
content of the memory itself could be corrupted: to avoid this, synchronous reset usage is
strongly recommended.
Power-on reset
The asynchronous reset must be used during the power-on of the device. Depending
on crystal or resonator frequency, the on-chip oscillator needs about 1ms to 10ms to
stabilize (refer to Chapter 23: Electrical characteristics), with an already stable VDD. The
logic of the ST10F276E does not need a stabilized clock signal to detect an asynchronous
reset, so it is suitable for power-on conditions. To ensure a proper reset sequence, the
RSTIN pin and the RPD pin must be held at low level until the device clock signal is
stabilized and the system configuration value on Port0 is settled.
At Power-on it is important to respect some additional constraints introduced by the start-up
phase of the different embedded modules.
In particular the on-chip voltage regulator needs at least 1ms to stabilize the internal 1.8V
for the core logic: this time is computed from when the external reference (VDD) becomes
stable (inside specification range, that is at least 4.5V). This is a constraint for the
application hardware (external voltage regulator): the RSTIN pin assertion shall be extended
to guarantee the voltage regulator stabilization.
A second constraint is imposed by the embedded Flash. When booting from internal
memory, starting from RSTIN releasing, it needs a maximum of 1ms for its initialization:
before that, the internal reset (RST signal) is not released, so the CPU does not start code
execution in internal memory.
Note:
This is not true if external memory is used (pin EA held low during reset phase). In this case,
once RSTIN pin is released, and after few CPU clock (Filter delay plus 3...8 TCL), the
internal reset signal RST is released as well, so the code execution can start immediately
after. Obviously, an eventual access to the data in internal Flash is forbidden before its
initialization phase is completed: an eventual access during starting phase will return FFFFh
(just at the beginning), while later 009Bh (an illegal opcode trap can be generated).
At Power-on, the RSTIN pin shall be tied low for a minimum time that includes also the startup time of the main oscillator (tSTUP = 1ms for resonator, 10ms for crystal) and PLL
synchronization time (tPSUP = 200μs): this means that if the internal Flash is used, the
RSTIN pin could be released before the main oscillator and PLL are stable to recover some
time in the start-up phase (Flash initialization only needs stable V18, but does not need
stable system clock since an internal dedicated oscillator is used).
Warning:
It is recommended to provide the external hardware with a
current limitation circuitry. This is necessary to avoid
permanent damages of the device during the power-on
transient, when the capacitance on V18 pin is charged. For
the on-chip voltage regulator functionality 10nF are
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System reset
ST10F276E
sufficient: anyway, a maximum of 100nF on V18 pin should
not generate problems of over-current (higher value is
allowed if current is limited by the external hardware).
External current limitation is anyway recommended also to
avoid risks of damage in case of temporary short between
V18 and ground: the internal 1.8V drivers are sized to drive
currents of several tens of Ampere, so the current shall be
limited by the external hardware. The limit of current is
imposed by power dissipation considerations (Refer to
Chapter 23: Electrical characteristics).
In next figures 24 and 25 Asynchronous Power-on timing diagrams are reported,
respectively with boot from internal or external memory, highlighting the reset phase
extension introduced by the embedded Flash module when selected.
Note:
108/235
Never power the device without keeping RSTIN pin grounded: the device could enter in
unpredictable states, risking also permanent damages.
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ST10F276E
System reset
Figure 24. Asynchronous power-on RESET (EA = 1)
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System reset
ST10F276E
Figure 25. Asynchronous power-on RESET (EA = 0)
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1. 3 to 8 TCL depending on clock source selection.
Hardware reset
The asynchronous reset must be used to recover from catastrophic situations of the
application. It may be triggered by the hardware of the application (internal hardware logic
and application circuitry are described in Section 19.7: Reset circuitry and figures 37, 38
and 39). It occurs when RSTIN is low and RPD is detected (or becomes) low as well.
110/235
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ST10F276E
System reset
Figure 26. Asynchronous hardware RESET (EA = 1)
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1.
Longer than Port0 settling time + PLL synchronization (if needed, that is P0(15:13) changed); longer than 500ns to take
into account input filter on RSTIN pin
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System reset
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Figure 27. Asynchronous hardware RESET (EA = 0)
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1.
Longer than Port0 settling time + PLL synchronization (if needed, that is P0(15:13) changed); longer than 500ns to take
into account of Input Filter on RSTIN pin
2.
3 to 8 TCL depending on clock source selection.
Exit from asynchronous reset state
When the RSTIN pin is pulled high, the device restarts: as already mentioned, if internal
Flash is used, the restarting occurs after the embedded Flash initialization routine is
completed. The system configuration is latched from Port0: ALE, RD and WR/WRL pins are
driven to their inactive level. The ST10F276E starts program execution from memory
location 00'0000h in code segment 0. This starting location will typically point to the general
initialization routine. Timing of asynchronous Hardware Reset sequence are summarized in
Figure 26 and Figure 27.
19.3
Synchronous reset (warm reset)
A synchronous reset is triggered when RSTIN pin is pulled low while RPD pin is at high
level. In order to properly activate the internal reset logic of the device, the RSTIN pin must
be held low, at least, during 4 TCL (2 periods of CPU clock): refer also to Section 19.1 for
details on minimum reset pulse duration. The I/O pins are set to high impedance and
RSTOUT pin is driven low. After RSTIN level is detected, a short duration of a maximum of
12 TCL (six periods of CPU clock) elapses, during which pending internal hold states are
cancelled and the current internal access cycle if any is completed. External bus cycle is
aborted. The internal pull-down of RSTIN pin is activated if bit BDRSTEN of SYSCON
register was previously set by software. Note that this bit is always cleared on power-on or
after a reset sequence.
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System reset
Short and long synchronous reset
Once the first maximum 16 TCL are elapsed (4+12TCL), the internal reset sequence starts.
It is 1024 TCL cycles long: at the end of it, and after other 8TCL the level of RSTIN is
sampled (after the filter, see RSTF in the drawings): if it is already at high level, only Short
Reset is flagged (refer to Chapter 19: System reset for details on reset flags); if it is
recognized still low, the Long reset is flagged as well. The major difference between Long
and Short reset is that during the Long reset, also P0(15:13) become transparent, so it is
possible to change the clock options.
Warning:
In case of a short pulse on RSTIN pin, and when Bidirectional
reset is enabled, the RSTIN pin is held low by the internal
circuitry. At the end of the 1024 TCL cycles, the RTSIN pin is
released, but due to the presence of the input analog filter the
internal input reset signal (RSTF in the drawings) is released
later (from 50 to 500ns). This delay is in parallel with the
additional 8 TCL, at the end of which the internal input reset
line (RSTF) is sampled, to decide if the reset event is Short or
Long. In particular:
●
If 8 TCL > 500ns (fCPU < 8 MHz), the reset event is always recognized as Short
●
If 8 TCL < 500ns (fCPU > 8 MHz), the reset event could be recognized either as Short or
Long, depending on the real filter delay (between 50 and 500ns) and the CPU
frequency (RSTF sampled High means Short reset, RSTF sampled Low means Long
reset). Note that in case a Long Reset is recognized, once the 8 TCL are elapsed, the
P0(15:13) pins becomes transparent, so the system clock can be re-configured. The
port returns not transparent 3-4TCL after the internal RSTF signal becomes high.
The same behavior just described, occurs also when unidirectional reset is selected and
RSTIN pin is held low till the end of the internal sequence (exactly 1024TCL + max 16 TCL)
and released exactly at that time.
Note:
When running with CPU frequency lower than 40 MHz, the minimum valid reset pulse to be
recognized by the CPU (4 TCL) could be longer than the minimum analog filter delay (50ns);
so it might happen that a short reset pulse is not filtered by the analog input filter, but on the
other hand it is not long enough to trigger a CPU reset (shorter than 4 TCL): this would
generate a Flash reset but not a system reset. In this condition, the Flash answers always
with FFFFh, which leads to an illegal opcode and consequently a trap event is generated.
Exit from synchronous reset state
The reset sequence is extended until RSTIN level becomes high. Besides, it is internally
prolonged by the Flash initialization when EA = 1 (internal memory selected). Then, the
code execution restarts. The system configuration is latched from Port0, and ALE, RD and
WR/WRL pins are driven to their inactive level. The ST10F276E starts program execution
from memory location 00'0000h in code segment 0. This starting location will typically point
to the general initialization routine. Timing of synchronous reset sequence are summarized
in figures 28 and 29 where a Short Reset event is shown, with particular highlighting on the
fact that it can degenerate into Long Reset: the two figures show the behavior when booting
from internal or external memory respectively. Figures 30 and 31 report the timing of a
typical synchronous Long Reset, again when booting from internal or external memory.
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System reset
ST10F276E
Synchronous reset and RPD pin
Whenever the RSTIN pin is pulled low (by external hardware or as a consequence of a
Bidirectional reset), the RPD internal weak pull-down is activated. The external capacitance
(if any) on RPD pin is slowly discharged through the internal weak pull-down. If the voltage
level on RPD pin reaches the input low threshold (around 2.5V), the reset event becomes
immediately asynchronous. In case of hardware reset (short or long) the situation goes
immediately to the one illustrated in Figure 26. There is no effect if RPD comes again above
the input threshold: the asynchronous reset is completed coherently. To grant the normal
completion of a synchronous reset, the value of the capacitance shall be big enough to
maintain the voltage on RPD pin sufficient high along the duration of the internal reset
sequence.
For a Software or Watchdog reset event, an active synchronous reset is completed
regardless of the RPD status.
It is important to highlight that the signal that makes RPD status transparent under reset is
the internal RSTF (after the noise filter).
Figure 28. Synchronous short / long hardware RESET (EA = 1)
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1. RSTIN assertion can be released there. Refer also to Section 19.1 for details on minimum pulse duration.
2. If during the reset condition (RSTIN low), RPD voltage drops below the threshold voltage (about 2.5V for
114/235
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ST10F276E
System reset
5 V operation), the asynchronous reset is then immediately entered.
3. RSTIN pin is pulled low if bit BDRSTEN (bit 3 of SYSCON register) was previously set by software. Bit
BDRSTEN is cleared after reset.
4. Minimum RSTIN low pulse duration shall also be longer than 500ns to guarantee the pulse is not masked
by the internal filter (refer to Section 19.1).
Figure 29. Synchronous short / long hardware RESET (EA = 0)
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1. RSTIN assertion can be released there. Refer also to Section 19.1 for details on minimum pulse duration.
2. If during the reset condition (RSTIN low), RPD voltage drops below the threshold voltage (about 2.5V for
5V operation), the asynchronous reset is then immediately entered.
3. 3 to 8 TCL depending on clock source selection.
4. RSTIN pin is pulled low if bit BDRSTEN (bit 3 of SYSCON register) was previously set by software. Bit
BDRSTEN is cleared after reset.
5. Minimum RSTIN low pulse duration shall also be longer than 500ns to guarantee the pulse is not masked
by the internal filter (refer to Section 19.1).
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Figure 30. Synchronous long hardware RESET (EA = 1)
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1. If during the reset condition (RSTIN low), RPD voltage drops below the threshold voltage (about 2.5V for
5V operation), the asynchronous reset is then immediately entered. Even if RPD returns above the
threshold, the reset is defnitively taken as asynchronous.
2. Minimum RSTIN low pulse duration shall also be longer than 500ns to guarantee the pulse is not masked
by the internal filter (refer to Section 19.1).
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System reset
Figure 31. Synchronous long hardware RESET (EA = 0)
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1. If during the reset condition (RSTIN low), RPD voltage drops below the threshold voltage (about 2.5V for
5V operation), the asynchronous reset is then immediately entered.
2. Minimum RSTIN low pulse duration shall also be longer than 500ns to guarantee the pulse is not masked
by the internal filter (refer to Section 19.1).
3. 3 to 8 TCL depending on clock source selection.
19.4
Software reset
A software reset sequence can be triggered at any time by the protected SRST (software
reset) instruction. This instruction can be deliberately executed within a program, e.g. to
leave bootstrap loader mode, or on a hardware trap that reveals system failure.
On execution of the SRST instruction, the internal reset sequence is started. The
microcontroller behavior is the same as for a synchronous short reset, except that only bits
P0.12...P0.8 are latched at the end of the reset sequence, while previously latched, bits
P0.7...P0.2 are cleared (that is written at ‘1’).
A Software reset is always taken as synchronous: there is no influence on Software Reset
behavior with RPD status. In case Bidirectional Reset is selected, a Software Reset event
pulls RSTIN pin low: this occurs only if RPD is high; if RPD is low, RSTIN pin is not pulled
low even though Bidirectional Reset is selected.
Refer to Figure 32 and Figure 33 for unidirectional SW reset timing, and to figures 34, 35
and 36 for bidirectional.
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System reset
19.5
ST10F276E
Watchdog timer reset
When the watchdog timer is not disabled during the initialization, or serviced regularly
during program execution, it will overflow and trigger the reset sequence.
Unlike hardware and software resets, the watchdog reset completes a running external bus
cycle if this bus cycle either does not use READY, or if READY is sampled active (low) after
the programmed wait states.
When READY is sampled inactive (high) after the programmed wait states the running
external bus cycle is aborted. Then the internal reset sequence is started.
Bit P0.12...P0.8 are latched at the end of the reset sequence and bit P0.7...P0.2 are cleared
(that is written at ‘1’).
A Watchdog reset is always taken as synchronous: there is no influence on Watchdog Reset
behavior with RPD status. In case Bidirectional Reset is selected, a Watchdog Reset event
pulls RSTIN pin low: this occurs only if RPD is high; if RPD is low, RSTIN pin is not pulled
low even though Bidirectional Reset is selected.
Refer to Figure 32 and Figure 33 for unidirectional SW reset timing, and to figures 34, 35
and 36 for bidirectional.
Figure 32. SW / WDT unidirectional RESET (EA = 1)
234)
.
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System reset
Figure 33. SW / WDT unidirectional RESET (EA = 0)
234).
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19.6
Bidirectional reset
As shown in the previous sections, the RSTOUT pin is driven active (low level) at the
beginning of any reset sequence (synchronous/asynchronous hardware, software and
watchdog timer resets). RSTOUT pin stays active low beyond the end of the initialization
routine, until the protected EINIT instruction (End of Initialization) is completed.
The Bidirectional Reset function is useful when external devices require a reset signal but
cannot be connected to RSTOUT pin, because RSTOUT signal lasts during initialization. It
is, for instance, the case of external memory running initialization routine before the
execution of EINIT instruction.
Bidirectional reset function is enabled by setting bit 3 (BDRSTEN) in SYSCON register. It
only can be enabled during the initialization routine, before EINIT instruction is completed.
When enabled, the open drain of the RSTIN pin is activated, pulling down the reset signal,
for the duration of the internal reset sequence (synchronous/asynchronous hardware,
synchronous software and synchronous watchdog timer resets). At the end of the internal
reset sequence the pull down is released and:
●
After a Short Synchronous Bidirectional Hardware Reset, if RSTF is sampled low 8
TCL periods after the internal reset sequence completion (refer to Figure 28 and
Figure 29), the Short Reset becomes a Long Reset. On the contrary, if RSTF is
sampled high the device simply exits reset state.
●
After a Software or Watchdog Bidirectional Reset, the device exits from reset. If RSTF
remains still low for at least 4 TCL periods (minimum time to recognize a Short
Hardware reset) after the reset exiting (refer to Figure 34 and Figure 35), the Software
or Watchdog Reset become a Short Hardware Reset. On the contrary, if RSTF remains
low for less than 4 TCL, the device simply exits reset state.
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The Bidirectional reset is not effective in case RPD is held low, when a Software or
Watchdog reset event occurs. On the contrary, if a Software or Watchdog Bidirectional reset
event is active and RPD becomes low, the RSTIN pin is immediately released, while the
internal reset sequence is completed regardless of RPD status change (1024 TCL).
Note:
The bidirectional reset function is disabled by any reset sequence (bit BDRSTEN of
SYSCON is cleared). To be activated again it must be enabled during the initialization
routine.
WDTCON flags
Similarly to what already highlighted in the previous section when discussing about Short
reset and the degeneration into Long reset, similar situations may occur when Bidirectional
reset is enabled. The presence of the internal filter on RSTIN pin introduces a delay: when
RSTIN is released, the internal signal after the filter (see RSTF in the drawings) is delayed,
so it remains still active (low) for a while. It means that depending on the internal clock
speed, a short reset may be recognized as a long reset: the WDTCON flags are set
accordingly.
Besides, when either Software or Watchdog bidirectional reset events occur, again when the
RSTIN pin is released (at the end of the internal reset sequence), the RSTF internal signal
(after the filter) remains low for a while, and depending on the clock frequency it is
recognized high or low: 8TCL after the completion of the internal sequence, the level of
RSTF signal is sampled, and if recognized still low a Hardware reset sequence starts, and
WDTCON will flag this last event, masking the previous one (Software or Watchdog reset).
Typically, a Short Hardware reset is recognized, unless the RSTIN pin (and consequently
internal signal RSTF) is sufficiently held low by the external hardware to inject a Long
Hardware reset. After this occurrence, the initialization routine is not able to recognize a
Software or Watchdog bidirectional reset event, since a different source is flagged inside
WDTCON register. This phenomenon does not occur when internal Flash is selected during
reset (EA = 1), since the initialization of the Flash itself extend the internal reset duration
well beyond the filter delay.
Figures 34, 35 and 36 summarize the timing for Software and Watchdog Timer Bidirectional
reset events: In particular, Figure 36 shows the degeneration into Hardware reset.
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Figure 34. SW / WDT bidirectional RESET (EA = 1)
234).
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Figure 35. SW / WDT bidirectional RESET (EA = 0)
234)
.
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Figure 36. SW / WDT bidirectional RESET (EA = 0) followed by a HW RESET
234).
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19.7
Reset circuitry
Internal reset circuitry is described in Figure 39. The RSTIN pin provides an internal pull-up
resistor of 50kΩ to 250kΩ (The minimum reset time must be calculated using the lowest
value).
It also provides a programmable (BDRSTEN bit of SYSCON register) pull-down to output
internal reset state signal (synchronous reset, watchdog timer reset or software reset).
This bidirectional reset function is useful in applications where external devices require a
reset signal but cannot be connected to RSTOUT pin.
This is the case of an external memory running codes before EINIT (end of initialization)
instruction is executed. RSTOUT pin is pulled high only when EINIT is executed.
The RPD pin provides an internal weak pull-down resistor which discharges external
capacitor at a typical rate of 200μA. If bit PWDCFG of SYSCON register is set, an internal
pull-up resistor is activated at the end of the reset sequence. This pull-up will charge any
capacitor connected on RPD pin.
The simplest way to reset the ST10F276E is to insert a capacitor C1 between RSTIN pin
and VSS, and a capacitor between RPD pin and VSS (C0) with a pull-up resistor R0 between
RPD pin and VDD. The input RSTIN provides an internal pull-up device equalling a resistor of
50kΩ to 250kΩ (the minimum reset time must be determined by the lowest value). Select C1
that produce a sufficient discharge time to permit the internal or external oscillator and / or
internal PLL and the on-chip voltage regulator to stabilize.
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
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System reset
ST10F276E
To ensure correct power-up reset with controlled supply current consumption, specially if
clock signal requires a long period of time to stabilize, an asynchronous hardware reset is
required during power-up. For this reason, it is recommended to connect the external R0-C0
circuit shown in Figure 37 to the RPD pin. On power-up, the logical low level on RPD pin
forces an asynchronous hardware reset when RSTIN is asserted low. The external pull-up
R0 will then charge the capacitor C0. Note that an internal pull-down device on RPD pin is
turned on when RSTIN pin is low, and causes the external capacitor (C0) to begin
discharging at a typical rate of 100-200μA. With this mechanism, after power-up reset, short
low pulses applied on RSTIN produce synchronous hardware reset. If RSTIN is asserted
longer than the time needed for C0 to be discharged by the internal pull-down device, then
the device is forced in an asynchronous reset. This mechanism insures recovery from very
catastrophic failure.
Figure 37. Minimum external reset circuitry
234/54
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The minimum reset circuit of Figure 37 is not adequate when the RSTIN pin is driven from
the ST10F276E itself during software or watchdog triggered resets, because of the
capacitor C1 that will keep the voltage on RSTIN pin above VIL after the end of the internal
reset sequence, and thus will trigger an asynchronous reset sequence.
Figure 38 shows an example of a reset circuit. In this example, R1-C1 external circuit is only
used to generate power-up or manual reset, and R0-C0 circuit on RPD is used for power-up
reset and to exit from Power Down mode. Diode D1 creates a wired-OR gate connection to
the reset pin and may be replaced by open-collector Schmitt trigger buffer. Diode D2
provides a faster cycle time for repetitive power-on resets.
R2 is an optional pull-up for faster recovery and correct biasing of TTL Open Collector
drivers.
124/235
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
ST10F276E
System reset
Figure 38. System reset circuit
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Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
125/235
System reset
19.8
ST10F276E
Reset application examples
Next two timing diagrams (Figure 40 and Figure 41) provides additional examples of
bidirectional internal reset events (Software and Watchdog) including in particular the
external capacitances charge and discharge transients (refer also to Figure 38 for the
external circuit scheme).
Figure 40. Example of software or watchdog bidirectional reset (EA = 1)
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0;=
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126/235
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
ST10F276E
System reset
Figure 41. Example of software or watchdog bidirectional reset (EA = 0)
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Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
127/235
System reset
19.9
ST10F276E
Reset summary
Table 61 summarizes the different reset events.
Short Hardware
Reset
(Synchronous) (1)
Min
Max
LHWR
SHWR
SWR
WDTR
WDTCON flags
-
1
1
1
1
0
-
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
N Asynch.
1 ms (VREG)
1.2 ms
(Reson. + PLL)
10.2 ms
(Crystal + PLL)
0
1
N Asynch.
1ms (VREG)
1
x
x
FORBIDDEN
x
x
Y
NOT APPLICABLE
0
0
N Asynch.
500ns
-
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
N Asynch.
500ns
-
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
Y
Asynch.
500ns
-
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
Y
Asynch.
500ns
-
0
1
1
1
0
1
0
N Synch.
max (4 TCL, 500ns)
1032 + 12 TCL +
max(4 TCL, 500ns)
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
N Synch.
max (4 TCL, 500ns)
1032 + 12 TCL +
max(4 TCL, 500ns)
0
0
1
1
0
max (4 TCL, 500ns)
1
0
Y
1032 + 12 TCL +
max(4 TCL, 500ns)
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
Power-on Reset
Hardware Reset
(Asynchronous)
RSTIN
PONR
Synch.
Asynch.
Bidir
Event
EA
Reset event
RPD
Table 61.
Synch.
Activated by internal logic for 1024 TCL
max (4 TCL, 500ns)
1
1
Y
Synch.
1032 + 12 TCL +
max(4 TCL, 500ns)
Activated by internal logic for 1024 TCL
Long Hardware
Reset
(Synchronous)
1
0
N Synch.
1032 + 12 TCL +
max(4 TCL, 500ns)
-
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
N Synch.
1032 + 12 TCL +
max(4 TCL, 500ns)
-
0
1
1
1
0
1032 + 12 TCL +
max(4 TCL, 500ns)
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
0
Y
Synch.
Activated by internal logic only for 1024 TCL
1
1
Y
Synch.
1032 + 12 TCL +
max(4 TCL, 500ns)
-
Activated by internal logic only for 1024 TCL
128/235
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
ST10F276E
Reset event (continued)
LHWR
SHWR
SWR
WDTR
Synch.
Asynch.
PONR
Watchdog Reset (2)
Bidir
Software Reset (2)
WDTCON flags
EA
Event
RSTIN
RPD
Table 61.
System reset
x
0
N Synch.
Not activated
0
0
0
1
0
x
0
N Synch.
Not activated
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
Y
Synch.
Not activated
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
Y
Synch.
Activated by internal logic for 1024 TCL
0
0
0
1
0
x
0
N Synch.
Not activated
0
0
0
1
1
x
0
N Synch.
Not activated
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
Y
Synch.
Not activated
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
Y
Synch.
Activated by internal logic for 1024 TCL
0
0
0
1
1
Min
Max
1. It can degenerate into a Long Hardware Reset and consequently differently flagged (see Section 19.3 for details).
2. When Bidirectional is active (and with RPD=0), it can be followed by a Short Hardware Reset and consequently differently
flagged (see Section 19.6 for details).
The start-up configurations and some system features are selected on reset sequences as
described in Table 62 and Figure 42.
Table 62 describes what is the system configuration latched on PORT0 in the six different
reset modes. Figure 42 summarizes the state of bits of PORT0 latched in RP0H, SYSCON,
BUSCON0 registers.
Table 62.
PORT0 latched configuration for the different reset events
Reserved
BSL
Reserved
Reserved
Adapt mode
Emu mode
P0H.4
P0H.3
P0H.2
P0H.1
P0H.0
P0L.7
P0L.6
P0L.5
P0L.4
P0L.3
P0L.2
P0L.1
P0L.0
-
-
-
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
-
-
-
-
-
-
Watchdog Reset
-
-
-
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
-
-
-
-
-
-
Synchronous Short Hardware Reset
-
-
-
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Synchronous Long Hardware Reset
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Asynchronous Hardware Reset
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Asynchronous Power-On Reset
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Sample event
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
Bus type
P0H.5
Software Reset
X: Pin is sampled
-: Pin is not sampled
WR config.
P0H.6
Chip selects
P0H.7
Clock options
Segm. addr. lines
PORT0
129/235
System reset
ST10F276E
Figure 42. PORT0 bits latched into the different registers after reset
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130/235
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
ST10F276E
20
Power reduction modes
Power reduction modes
Three different power reduction modes with different levels of power reduction have been
implemented in the ST10F276E. In Idle mode only CPU is stopped, while peripheral still
operate. In Power Down mode both CPU and peripherals are stopped. In Stand-by mode
the main power supply (VDD) can be turned off while a portion of the internal RAM remains
powered via VSTBY dedicated power pin.
Idle and Power Down modes are software activated by a protected instruction and are
terminated in different ways as described in the following sections.
Stand-by mode is entered simply removing VDD, holding the MCU under reset state.
Note:
All external bus actions are completed before Idle or Power Down mode is entered.
However, Idle or Power Down mode is not entered if READY is enabled, but has not been
activated (driven low for negative polarity, or driven high for positive polarity) during the last
bus access.
20.1
Idle mode
Idle mode is entered by running IDLE protected instruction. The CPU operation is stopped
and the peripherals still run.
Idle mode is terminate by any interrupt request. Whatever the interrupt is serviced or not,
the instruction following the IDLE instruction will be executed after return from interrupt
(RETI) instruction, then the CPU resumes the normal program.
20.2
Power down mode
Power Down mode starts by running PWRDN protected instruction. Internal clock is
stopped, all MCU parts are on hold including the watchdog timer. The only exception could
be the Real-Time Clock if opportunely programmed and one of the two oscillator circuits as
a consequence (either the main or the 32 kHz on-chip oscillator).
When Real-Time Clock module is used, when the device is in Power Down mode a
reference clock is needed. In this case, two possible configurations may be selected by the
user application according to the desired level of power reduction:
●
A 32 kHz crystal is connected to the on-chip low-power oscillator (pins XTAL3 / XTAL4)
and running. In this case the main oscillator is stopped when Power Down mode is
entered, while the Real-Time Clock continue counting using 32 kHz clock signal as
reference. The presence of a running low-power oscillator is detected after the Poweron: this clock is immediately assumed (if present, or as soon as it is detected) as
reference for the Real-Time Clock counter and it will be maintained forever (unless
specifically disabled via software).
●
Only the main oscillator is running (XTAL1 / XTAL2 pins). In this case the main
oscillator is not stopped when Power Down is entered, and the Real-Time Clock
continue counting using the main oscillator clock signal as reference.
There are two different operating Power Down modes: protected mode and interruptible
mode.
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
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Power reduction modes
ST10F276E
Before entering Power Down mode (by executing the instruction PWRDN), bit VREGOFF in
XMISC register must be set.
Note:
Leaving the main voltage regulator active during Power Down may lead to unexpected
behavior (ex: CPU wake-up) and power consumption higher than what specified.
20.2.1
Protected power down mode
This mode is selected when PWDCFG (bit 5) of SYSCON register is cleared. The Protected
Power Down mode is only activated if the NMI pin is pulled low when executing PWRDN
instruction (this means that the PWRD instruction belongs to the NMI software routine). This
mode is only deactivated with an external hardware reset on RSTIN pin.
20.2.2
Interruptible power down mode
This mode is selected when PWDCFG (bit 5) of SYSCON register is set.
The Interruptible Power Down mode is only activated if all the enabled Fast External
Interrupt pins are in their inactive level.
This mode is deactivated with an external reset applied to RSTIN pin or with an interrupt
request applied to one of the Fast External Interrupt pins, or with an interrupt generated by
the Real-Time Clock, or with an interrupt generated by the activity on CAN’s and I2C module
interfaces. To allow the internal PLL and clock to stabilize, the RSTIN pin must be held low
according the recommendations described in Chapter 19: System reset.
An external RC circuit must be connected to RPD pin, as shown in the Figure 43.
Figure 43. External RC circuitry on RPD pin
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To exit Power Down mode with an external interrupt, an EXxIN (x = 7...0) pin has to be
asserted for at least 40ns.
20.3
Stand-by mode
In Stand-by mode, it is possible to turn off the main VDD provided that VSTBY is available
through the dedicated pin of the ST10F276E.
To enter Stand-by mode it is mandatory to held the device under reset: once the device is
under reset, the RAM is disabled (see XRAM2EN bit of XPERCON register), and its digital
interface is frozen in order to avoid any kind of data corruption.
A dedicated embedded low-power voltage regulator is implemented to generate the internal
low voltage supply (about 1.65V in Stand-by mode) to bias all those circuits that shall remain
132/235
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
ST10F276E
Power reduction modes
active: the portion of XRAM (16 Kbytes for ST10F276E), the RTC counters and 32 kHz onchip oscillator amplifier.
In normal running mode (that is when main VDD is on) the VSTBY pin can be tied to VSS
during reset to exercise the EA functionality associated with the same pin: the voltage
supply for the circuitries which are usually biased with VSTBY (see in particular the 32 kHz
oscillator used in conjunction with Real-Time Clock module), is granted by the active main
VDD.
It must be noted that Stand-by Mode can generate problems associated with the usage of
different power supplies in CMOS systems; particular attention must be paid when the
ST10F276E I/O lines are interfaced with other external CMOS integrated circuits: if VDD of
ST10F276E becomes (for example in Stand-by Mode) lower than the output level forced by
the I/O lines of these external integrated circuits, the ST10F276E could be directly powered
through the inherent diode existing on ST10F276E output driver circuitry. The same is valid
for ST10F276E interfaced to active/inactive communication buses during Stand-by mode:
current injection can be generated through the inherent diode.
Furthermore, the sequence of turning on/off of the different voltage could be critical for the
system (not only for the ST10F276E device). The device Stand-by mode current (ISTBY) may
vary while VDD to VSTBY (and vice versa) transition occurs: some current flows between VDD
and VSTBY pins. System noise on both VDD and VSTBY can contribute to increase this
phenomenon.
20.3.1
Entering stand-by mode
As already said, to enter Stand-by Mode XRAM2EN bit in the XPERCON Register must be
cleared: this allows to freeze immediately the RAM interface, avoiding any data corruption.
As a consequence of a RESET event, the RAM Power Supply is switched to the internal
low-voltage supply V18SB (derived from VSTBY through the low-power voltage regulator).
The RAM interface will remain frozen until the bit XRAM2EN is set again by software
initialization routine (at next exit from main VDD power-on reset sequence).
Since V18 is falling down (as a consequence of VDD turning off), it can happen that the
XRAM2EN bit is no longer able to guarantee its content (logic “0”), being the XPERCON
Register powered by internal V18. This does not generate any problem, because the Standby Mode switching dedicated circuit continues to confirm the RAM interface freezing,
irrespective the XRAM2EN bit content; XRAM2EN bit status is considered again when
internal V18 comes back over internal stand-by reference V18SB.
If internal V18 becomes lower than internal stand-by reference (V18SB) of about 0.3 to 0.45V
with bit XRAM2EN set, the RAM Supply switching circuit is not active: in case of a
temporary drop on internal V18 voltage versus internal V18SB during normal code execution,
no spurious Stand-by Mode switching can occur (the RAM is not frozen and can still be
accessed).
The ST10F276E Core module, generating the RAM control signals, is powered by internal
V18 supply; during turning off transient these control signals follow the V18, while RAM is
switched to V18SB internal reference. It could happen that a high level of RAM write strobe
from ST10F276E Core (active low signal) is low enough to be recognized as a logic “0” by
the RAM interface (due to V18 lower than V18SB): The bus status could contain a valid
address for the RAM and an unwanted data corruption could occur. For this reason, an extra
interface, powered by the switched supply, is used to prevent the RAM from this kind of
potential corruption mechanism.
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
133/235
Power reduction modes
Warning:
20.3.2
ST10F276E
During power-off phase, it is important that the external
hardware maintains a stable ground level on RSTIN pin,
without any glitch, in order to avoid spurious exiting from
reset status with unstable power supply.
Exiting stand-by mode
After the system has entered the Stand-by Mode, the procedure to exit this mode consists of
a standard Power-on sequence, with the only difference that the RAM is already powered
through V18SB internal reference (derived from VSTBY pin external voltage).
It is recommended to held the device under RESET (RSTIN pin forced low) until external
VDD voltage pin is stable. Even though, at the very beginning of the power-on phase, the
device is maintained under reset by the internal low voltage detector circuit (implemented
inside the main voltage regulator) till the internal V18 becomes higher than about 1.0V, there
is no warranty that the device stays under reset status if RSTIN is at high level during
power ramp up. So, it is important the external hardware is able to guarantee a stable
ground level on RSTIN along the power-on phase, without any temporary glitch.
The external hardware shall be responsible to drive low the RSTIN pin until the VDD is
stable, even though the internal LVD is active.
Once the internal Reset signal goes low, the RAM (still frozen) power supply is switched to
the main V18.
At this time, everything becomes stable, and the execution of the initialization routines can
start: XRAM2EN bit can be set, enabling the RAM.
20.3.3
Real-time clock and stand-by mode
When Stand-by mode is entered (turning off the main supply VDD), the Real-Time Clock
counting can be maintained running in case the on-chip 32 kHz oscillator is used to provide
the reference to the counter. This is not possible if the main oscillator is used as reference
for the counter: Being the main oscillator powered by VDD, once this is switched off, the
oscillator is stopped.
134/235
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
ST10F276E
Power reduction modes summary
Table 63 summarizes the different Power reduction modes.
Peripherals
RTC
Main OSC
32 kHz OSC
STBY XRAM
XRAM
Mode
CPU
Power reduction modes summary
VSTBY
Table 63.
VDD
20.3.4
Power reduction modes
on
on
off
on
off
run
off
biased
biased
on
on
off
on
on
run
on
biased
biased
on
on
off
off
off
off
off
biased
biased
on
on
off
off
on
on
off
biased
biased
on
on
off
off
on
off
on
biased
biased
off
on
off
off
off
off
off
biased
off
off
on
off
off
on
off
on
biased
off
Idle
Power Down
Stand-by
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
135/235
Programmable output clock divider
21
ST10F276E
Programmable output clock divider
A specific register mapped on the XBUS allows to choose the division factor on the
CLKOUT signal (P3.15). This register is mapped on X-Miscellaneous memory address
range.
When CLKOUT function is enabled by setting bit CLKEN of register SYSCON, by default the
CPU clock is output on P3.15. Setting bit XMISCEN of register XPERCON and bit XPEN of
register SYSCON, it is possible to program the clock prescaling factor: in this way on P3.15
a prescaled value of the CPU clock can be output.
When CLKOUT function is not enabled (bit CLKEN of register SYSCON cleared), P3.15
does not output any clock signal, even though XCLKOUTDIV register is programmed.
136/235
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
ST10F276E
Register set
22
Register set
22.1
Introduction
This section summarizes all registers implemented in the ST10F276E and explains the
description format used in the chapters to describe the function and layout of the SFRs. For
easy reference, the registers (except for GPRs) are sorted in two ways:
22.2
–
Sorted by address, to check which register is referenced by a given address.
–
Sorted by register name, to find the location of a specific register.
Register description format
Throughout the document, the function and the layout of the different registers is described
in a specific format. The example below explains this format.
A word register is displayed as:
REG_NAME (A16h / A8h)
15
14
13
12
SFR/ESFR/XBUS
11
Res. Res. Res. Res. Res.
Table 64.
Reset value: ****h:
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
write
only
hw
bit
read
only
std
bit
hw
bit
bitfield
bitfield
W
RW
R
RW
RW
RW
RW
Description
Bit
Function
Explanation of bit(field) name
Description of the functions controlled by this bit(field).
Bit(field) name
A byte register is displayed as:
REG_NAME (A16h / A8h)
SFR/ESFR/XBUS
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
Reset value: - - **h:
6
5
std bit hw bit
RW
RW
4
3
bit field
RW
2
1
0
bit field
RW
Elements:
REG_NAME
This register’s name
A16h / A8h
Long 16-bit address / Short 8-bit address
SFR/ESFR/XBUS
Register space (SFR, ESFR or XBUS Register)
(* *) * *
Register contents after reset
0/1: defined
X’: undefined (undefined (’X’) after power up)
U’: unchanged
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
137/235
Register set
ST10F276E
hwbit
22.3
Bit that is set/cleared by hardware is written in bold
General purpose registers (GPRs)
The GPRs form the register bank that the CPU works with. This register bank may be
located anywhere within the internal RAM via the Context Pointer (CP). Due to the
addressing mechanism, GPR banks reside only within the internal RAM. All GPRs are bitaddressable.
Table 65.
General purpose registers (GPRs)
Physical
address
Name
8-bit
address
Description
Reset
value
R0
(CP) + 0
F0h
CPU general purpose (word) register R0
UUUUh
R1
(CP) + 2
F1h
CPU general purpose (word) register R1
UUUUh
R2
(CP) + 4
F2h
CPU general purpose (word) register R2
UUUUh
R3
(CP) + 6
F3h
CPU general purpose (word) register R3
UUUUh
R4
(CP) + 8
F4h
CPU general purpose (word) register R4
UUUUh
R5
(CP) + 10
F5h
CPU general purpose (word) register R5
UUUUh
R6
(CP) + 12
F6h
CPU general purpose (word) register R6
UUUUh
R7
(CP) + 14
F7h
CPU general purpose (word) register R7
UUUUh
R8
(CP) + 16
F8h
CPU general purpose (word) register R8
UUUUh
R9
(CP) + 18
F9h
CPU general purpose (word) register R9
UUUUh
R10
(CP) + 20
FAh
CPU general purpose (word) register R10
UUUUh
R11
(CP) + 22
FBh
CPU general purpose (word) register R11
UUUUh
R12
(CP) + 24
FCh
CPU general purpose (word) register R12
UUUUh
R13
(CP) + 26
FDh
CPU general purpose (word) register R13
UUUUh
R14
(CP) + 28
FEh
CPU general purpose (word) register R14
UUUUh
R15
(CP) + 30
FFh
CPU general purpose (word) register R15
UUUUh
The first eight GPRs (R7...R0) may also be accessed bytewise. Other than with SFRs,
writing to a GPR byte does not affect the other byte of the respective GPR. The respective
halves of the byte-accessible registers have special names:
Table 66.
Name
138/235
General purpose registers (GPRs) bytewise addressing
Physical
address
8-bit
address
Description
Reset
value
RL0
(CP) + 0
F0h
CPU general purpose (byte) register RL0
UUh
RH0
(CP) + 1
F1h
CPU general purpose (byte) register RH0
UUh
RL1
(CP) + 2
F2h
CPU general purpose (byte) register RL1
UUh
RH1
(CP) + 3
F3h
CPU general purpose (byte) register RH1
UUh
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
ST10F276E
Register set
Table 66.
Name
General purpose registers (GPRs) bytewise addressing (continued)
Physical
address
8-bit
address
Description
Reset
value
RL0
(CP) + 0
F0h
CPU general purpose (byte) register RL0
UUh
RL2
(CP) + 4
F4h
CPU general purpose (byte) register RL2
UUh
RH2
(CP) + 5
F5h
CPU general purpose (byte) register RH2
UUh
RL3
(CP) + 6
F6h
CPU general purpose (byte) register RL3
UUh
RH3
(CP) + 7
F7h
CPU general purpose (byte) register RH3
UUh
RL4
(CP) + 8
F8h
CPU general purpose (byte) register RL4
UUh
RH4
(CP) + 9
F9h
CPU general purpose (byte) register RH4
UUh
RL5
(CP) + 10
FAh
CPU general purpose (byte) register RL5
UUh
RH5
(CP) + 11
FBh
CPU general purpose (byte) register RH5
UUh
RL6
(CP) + 12
FCh
CPU general purpose (byte) register RL6
UUh
RH6
(CP) + 13
FDh
CPU general purpose (byte) register RH6
UUh
RL7
(CP) + 14
FEh
CPU general purpose (byte) register RL7
UUh
RH7
(CP) + 15
FFh
CPU general purpose (byte) register RH7
UUh
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
139/235
Register set
22.4
ST10F276E
Special function registers ordered by name
Table 67 lists in alphabetical order all SFRs which are implemented in the ST10F276E.
Bit-addressable SFRs are marked with the letter “b” in column “Name”.
SFRs within the Extended SFR-Space (ESFRs) are marked with the letter “E” in column
“Physical Address”.
Table 67.
Name
140/235
Special function registers ordered by address
Physical
address
8-bit
address
Description
Reset
value
ADCIC b
FF98h
CCh
A/D converter end of conversion interrupt control
register
- - 00h
ADCON b
FFA0h
D0h
A/D converter control register
0000h
ADDAT
FEA0h
50h
A/D converter result register
0000h
ADDAT2
F0A0hE
50h
A/D converter 2 result register
0000h
ADDRSEL1
FE18h
0Ch
Address select register 1
0000h
ADDRSEL2
FE1Ah
0Dh
Address select register 2
0000h
ADDRSEL3
FE1Ch
0Eh
Address select register 3
0000h
ADDRSEL4
FE1Eh
0Fh
Address select register 4
0000h
ADEIC b
FF9Ah
CDh
A/D converter overrun error interrupt control register - - 00h
BUSCON0 b FF0Ch
86h
Bus configuration register 0
0xx0h
BUSCON1 b FF14h
8Ah
Bus configuration register 1
0000h
BUSCON2 b FF16h
8Bh
Bus configuration register 2
0000h
BUSCON3 b FF18h
8Ch
Bus configuration register 3
0000h
BUSCON4 b FF1Ah
8Dh
Bus configuration register 4
0000h
CAPREL
FE4Ah
25h
GPT2 capture/reload register
0000h
CC0
FE80h
40h
CAPCOM register 0
0000h
CC0IC b
FF78h
BCh
CAPCOM register 0 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC1
FE82h
41h
CAPCOM register 1
0000h
CC10
FE94h
4Ah
CAPCOM register 10
0000h
CC10IC b
FF8Ch
C6h
CAPCOM register 10 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC11
FE96h
4Bh
CAPCOM register 11
0000h
CC11IC b
FF8Eh
C7h
CAPCOM register 11 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC12
FE98h
4Ch
CAPCOM register 12
0000h
CC12IC b
FF90h
C8h
CAPCOM register 12 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC13
FE9Ah
4Dh
CAPCOM register 13
0000h
CC13IC b
FF92h
C9h
CAPCOM register 13 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC14
FE9Ch
4Eh
CAPCOM register 14
0000h
CC14IC b
FF94h
CAh
CAPCOM register 14 interrupt control register
- - 00h
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
ST10F276E
Register set
Table 67.
Name
Special function registers ordered by address (continued)
Physical
address
8-bit
address
Description
Reset
value
CC15
FE9Eh
4Fh
CAPCOM register 15
0000h
CC15IC b
FF96h
CBh
CAPCOM register 15 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC16
FE60h
30h
CAPCOM register 16
0000h
CC16IC b
F160hE
B0h
CAPCOM register 16 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC17
FE62h
31h
CAPCOM register 17
0000h
CC17IC b
F162hE
B1h
CAPCOM register 17 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC18
FE64h
32h
CAPCOM register 18
0000h
CC18IC b
F164hE
B2h
CAPCOM register 18 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC19
FE66h
33h
CAPCOM register 19
0000h
CC19IC b
F166hE
B3h
CAPCOM register 19 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC1IC b
FF7Ah
BDh
CAPCOM register 1 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC2
FE84h
42h
CAPCOM register 2
0000h
CC20
FE68h
34h
CAPCOM register 20
0000h
CC20IC b
F168hE
B4h
CAPCOM register 20 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC21
FE6Ah
35h
CAPCOM register 21
0000h
CC21IC b
F16AhE
B5h
CAPCOM register 21 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC22
FE6Ch
36h
CAPCOM register 22
0000h
CC22IC b
F16ChE
B6h
CAPCOM register 22 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC23
FE6Eh
37h
CAPCOM register 23
0000h
CC23IC b
F16EhE
B7h
CAPCOM register 23 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC24
FE70h
38h
CAPCOM register 24
0000h
CC24IC b
F170hE
B8h
CAPCOM register 24 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC25
FE72h
39h
CAPCOM register 25
0000h
CC25IC b
F172hE
B9h
CAPCOM register 25 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC26
FE74h
3Ah
CAPCOM register 26
0000h
CC26IC b
F174hE
BAh
CAPCOM register 26 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC27
FE76h
3Bh
CAPCOM register 27
0000h
CC27IC b
F176hE
BBh
CAPCOM register 27 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC28
FE78h
3Ch
CAPCOM register 28
0000h
CC28IC b
F178hE
BCh
CAPCOM register 28 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC29
FE7Ah
3Dh
CAPCOM register 29
0000h
CC29IC b
F184hE
C2h
CAPCOM register 29 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC2IC b
FF7Ch
BEh
CAPCOM register 2 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC3
FE86h
43h
CAPCOM register 3
0000h
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
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Register set
ST10F276E
Table 67.
Name
142/235
Special function registers ordered by address (continued)
Physical
address
8-bit
address
Description
Reset
value
CC30
FE7Ch
3Eh
CAPCOM register 30
0000h
CC30IC b
F18ChE
C6h
CAPCOM register 30 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC31
FE7Eh
3Fh
CAPCOM register 31
0000h
CC31IC b
F194hE
CAh
CAPCOM register 31 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC3IC b
FF7Eh
BFh
CAPCOM register 3 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC4
FE88h
44h
CAPCOM register 4
0000h
CC4IC b
FF80h
C0h
CAPCOM register 4 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC5
FE8Ah
45h
CAPCOM register 5
0000h
CC5IC b
FF82h
C1h
CAPCOM register 5 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC6
FE8Ch
46h
CAPCOM register 6
0000h
CC6IC b
FF84h
C2h
CAPCOM register 6 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC7
FE8Eh
47h
CAPCOM register 7
0000h
CC7IC b
FF86h
C3h
CAPCOM register 7 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC8
FE90h
48h
CAPCOM register 8
0000h
CC8IC b
FF88h
C4h
CAPCOM register 8 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC9
FE92h
49h
CAPCOM register 9
0000h
CC9IC b
FF8Ah
C5h
CAPCOM register 9 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CCM0 b
FF52h
A9h
CAPCOM mode control register 0
0000h
CCM1 b
FF54h
AAh
CAPCOM mode control register 1
0000h
CCM2 b
FF56h
ABh
CAPCOM mode control register 2
0000h
CCM3 b
FF58h
ACh
CAPCOM mode control register 3
0000h
CCM4 b
FF22h
91h
CAPCOM mode control register 4
0000h
CCM5 b
FF24h
92h
CAPCOM mode control register 5
0000h
CCM6 b
FF26h
93h
CAPCOM mode control register 6
0000h
CCM7 b
FF28h
94h
CAPCOM mode control register 7
0000h
CP
FE10h
08h
CPU context pointer register
FC00h
CRIC b
FF6Ah
B5h
GPT2 CAPREL interrupt control register
- - 00h
CSP
FE08h
04h
CPU code segment pointer register (read-only)
0000h
DP0Hb
F102hE
81h
P0H direction control register
- - 00h
DP0Lb
F100hE
80h
P0L direction control register
- - 00h
DP1Hb
F106hE
83h
P1H direction control register
- - 00h
DP1Lb
F104hE
82h
P1L direction control register
- - 00h
DP2 b
FFC2h
E1h
Port 2 direction control register
0000h
DP3 b
FFC6h
E3h
Port 3 direction control register
0000h
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
ST10F276E
Register set
Table 67.
Name
Special function registers ordered by address (continued)
Physical
address
8-bit
address
Description
Reset
value
DP4 b
FFCAh
E5h
Port 4 direction control register
- - 00h
DP6 b
FFCEh
E7h
Port 6 direction control register
- - 00h
DP7 b
FFD2h
E9h
Port 7 direction control register
- - 00h
DP8 b
FFD6h
EBh
Port 8 direction control register
- - 00h
DPP0
FE00h
00h
CPU data page pointer 0 register (10-bit)
0000h
DPP1
FE02h
01h
CPU data page pointer 1 register (10-bit)
0001h
DPP2
FE04h
02h
CPU data page pointer 2 register (10-bit)
0002h
DPP3
FE06h
03h
CPU data page pointer 3 register (10-bit)
0003h
EMUCON
FE0Ah
05h
Emulation control register
- - XXh
EXICON b
F1C0hE
E0h
External interrupt control register
0000h
EXISEL b
F1DAhE
EDh
External interrupt source selection register
0000h
IDCHIP
F07ChE
3Eh
Device identifier register (n is the device revision)
114nh
IDMANUF
F07EhE
3Fh
Manufacturer identifier register
0403h
IDMEM
F07AhE
3Dh
On-chip memory identifier register
30D0h
IDPROG
F078hE
3Ch
Programming voltage identifier register
0040h
IDX0 b
FF08h
84h
MAC unit address pointer 0
0000h
IDX1 b
FF0Ah
85h
MAC unit address pointer 1
0000h
MAH
FE5Eh
2Fh
MAC unit accumulator - High word
0000h
MAL
FE5Ch
2Eh
MAC unit accumulator - Low word
0000h
MCW b
FFDCh
EEh
MAC unit control word
0000h
MDC b
FF0Eh
87h
CPU multiply divide control register
0000h
MDH
FE0Ch
06h
CPU multiply divide register – High word
0000h
MDL
FE0Eh
07h
CPU multiply divide register – Low word
0000h
MRW b
FFDAh
EDh
MAC unit repeat word
0000h
MSW b
FFDEh
EFh
MAC unit status word
0200h
ODP2 b
F1C2hE
E1h
Port2 open drain control register
0000h
ODP3 b
F1C6hE
E3h
Port3 open drain control register
0000h
ODP4 b
F1CAhE
E5h
Port4 open drain control register
- - 00h
ODP6 b
F1CEhE
E7h
Port6 open drain control register
- - 00h
ODP7 b
F1D2hE
E9h
Port7 open drain control register
- - 00h
ODP8 b
F1D6hE
EBh
Port8 open drain control register
- - 00h
ONES b
FF1Eh
8Fh
Constant value 1’s register (read-only)
FFFFh
P0H b
FF02h
81h
Port0 high register (upper half of PORT0)
- - 00h
P0L b
FF00h
80h
Port0 low register (lower half of PORT0)
- - 00h
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
143/235
Register set
ST10F276E
Table 67.
Name
Physical
address
8-bit
address
Description
Reset
value
P1H b
FF06h
83h
Port1 high register (upper half of PORT1)
- - 00h
P1L b
FF04h
82h
Port1 low register (lower half of PORT1)
- - 00h
P2
b
FFC0h
E0h
Port 2 register
0000h
P3
b
FFC4h
E2h
Port 3 register
0000h
P4
b
FFC8h
E4h
Port 4 register (8-bit)
- - 00h
P5
b
FFA2h
D1h
Port 5 register (read-only)
XXXXh
FFA4h
D2h
Port 5 digital disable register
0000h
P5DIDIS b
144/235
Special function registers ordered by address (continued)
P6
b
FFCCh
E6h
Port 6 register (8-bit)
- - 00h
P7
b
FFD0h
E8h
Port 7 register (8-bit)
- - 00h
P8
b
FFD4h
EAh
Port 8 register (8-bit)
- - 00h
PECC0
FEC0h
60h
PEC channel 0 control register
0000h
PECC1
FEC2h
61h
PEC channel 1 control register
0000h
PECC2
FEC4h
62h
PEC channel 2 control register
0000h
PECC3
FEC6h
63h
PEC channel 3 control register
0000h
PECC4
FEC8h
64h
PEC channel 4 control register
0000h
PECC5
FECAh
65h
PEC channel 5 control register
0000h
PECC6
FECCh
66h
PEC channel 6 control register
0000h
PECC7
FECEh
67h
PEC channel 7 control register
0000h
PICON b
F1C4hE
E2h
Port input threshold control register
- - 00h
PP0
F038hE
1Ch
PWM module period register 0
0000h
PP1
F03AhE
1Dh
PWM module period register 1
0000h
PP2
F03ChE
1Eh
PWM module period register 2
0000h
PP3
F03EhE
1Fh
PWM module period register 3
0000h
PSW b
FF10h
88h
CPU program status word
0000h
PT0
F030hE
18h
PWM module up/down counter 0
0000h
PT1
F032hE
19h
PWM module up/down counter 1
0000h
PT2
F034hE
1Ah
PWM module up/down counter 2
0000h
PT3
F036hE
1Bh
PWM module up/down counter 3
0000h
PW0
FE30h
18h
PWM module pulse width register 0
0000h
PW1
FE32h
19h
PWM module pulse width register 1
0000h
PW2
FE34h
1Ah
PWM module pulse width register 2
0000h
PW3
FE36h
1Bh
PWM module pulse width register 3
0000h
PWMCON0 b FF30h
98h
PWM module control register 0
0000h
PWMCON1 b FF32h
99h
PWM module control register 1
0000h
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
ST10F276E
Register set
Table 67.
Name
Special function registers ordered by address (continued)
Physical
address
8-bit
address
Description
Reset
value
PWMIC b
F17EhE
BFh
PWM Module interrupt control register
- - 00h
QR0
F004hE
02h
MAC unit offset register R0
0000h
QR1
F006hE
03h
MAC unit offset register R1
0000h
QX0
F000hE
00h
MAC unit Offset Register X0
0000h
QX1
F002hE
01h
MAC unit offset register X1
0000h
RP0Hb
F108hE
84h
System start-up configuration register (read-only)
- - XXh
S0BG
FEB4h
5Ah
Serial channel 0 baud rate generator reload register 0000h
S0CON b
FFB0h
D8h
Serial channel 0 control register
0000h
S0EIC b
FF70h
B8h
Serial channel 0 error interrupt control register
- - 00h
S0RBUF
FEB2h
59h
Serial channel 0 receive buffer register (read-only)
- - XXh
S0RIC b
FF6Eh
B7h
Serial channel 0 receive interrupt control register
- - 00h
S0TBIC b
F19ChE
CEh
Serial channel 0 transmit buffer interrupt control
register
- - 00h
S0TBUF
FEB0h
58h
Serial channel 0 transmit buffer register (write-only)
0000h
S0TIC b
FF6Ch
B6h
Serial channel 0 transmit interrupt control register
- - 00h
SP
FE12h
09h
CPU system stack pointer register
FC00h
SSCBR
F0B4hE
5Ah
SSC baud rate register
0000h
SSCCON b
FFB2h
D9h
SSC control register
0000h
SSCEIC b
FF76h
BBh
SSC error interrupt control register
- - 00h
SSCRB
F0B2hE
59h
SSC receive buffer (read-only)
XXXXh
SSCRIC b
FF74h
BAh
SSC receive interrupt control register
- - 00h
SSCTB
F0B0hE
58h
SSC transmit buffer (write-only)
0000h
SSCTIC b
FF72h
B9h
SSC transmit interrupt control register
- - 00h
STKOV
FE14h
0Ah
CPU stack overflow pointer register
FA00h
STKUN
FE16h
0Bh
CPU stack underflow pointer register
FC00h
SYSCON b
FF12h
89h
CPU system configuration register
0xx0h
T0
FE50h
28h
CAPCOM timer 0 register
0000h
T01CON b
FF50h
A8h
CAPCOM timer 0 and timer 1 control register
0000h
T0IC b
FF9Ch
CEh
CAPCOM timer 0 interrupt control register
- - 00h
T0REL
FE54h
2Ah
CAPCOM timer 0 reload register
0000h
T1
FE52h
29h
CAPCOM timer 1 register
0000h
T1IC b
FF9Eh
CFh
CAPCOM timer 1 interrupt control register
- - 00h
T1REL
FE56h
2Bh
CAPCOM timer 1 reload register
0000h
T2
FE40h
20h
GPT1 timer 2 register
0000h
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
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Register set
ST10F276E
Table 67.
Name
146/235
Special function registers ordered by address (continued)
Physical
address
8-bit
address
Description
Reset
value
T2CON b
FF40h
A0h
GPT1 timer 2 control register
0000h
T2IC b
FF60h
B0h
GPT1 timer 2 interrupt control register
- - 00h
T3
FE42h
21h
GPT1 timer 3 register
0000h
T3CON b
FF42h
A1h
GPT1 timer 3 control register
0000h
T3IC b
FF62h
B1h
GPT1 timer 3 interrupt control register
- - 00h
T4
FE44h
22h
GPT1 timer 4 register
0000h
T4CON b
FF44h
A2h
GPT1 timer 4 control register
0000h
T4IC b
FF64h
B2h
GPT1 timer 4 interrupt control register
- - 00h
T5
FE46h
23h
GPT2 timer 5 register
0000h
T5CON b
FF46h
A3h
GPT2 timer 5 control register
0000h
T5IC b
FF66h
B3h
GPT2 timer 5 interrupt control register
- - 00h
T6
FE48h
24h
GPT2 timer 6 register
0000h
T6CON b
FF48h
A4h
GPT2 timer 6 control register
0000h
T6IC b
FF68h
B4h
GPT2 timer 6 interrupt control register
- - 00h
T7
F050hE
28h
CAPCOM timer 7 register
0000h
T78CON b
FF20h
90h
CAPCOM timer 7 and 8 control register
0000h
T7IC b
F17AhE
BDh
CAPCOM timer 7 interrupt control register
- - 00h
T7REL
F054hE
2Ah
CAPCOM timer 7 reload register
0000h
T8
F052hE
29h
CAPCOM timer 8 register
0000h
T8IC b
F17ChE
BEh
CAPCOM timer 8 interrupt control register
- - 00h
T8REL
F056hE
2Bh
CAPCOM timer 8 reload register
0000h
TFR b
FFACh
D6h
Trap flag register
0000h
WDT
FEAEh
57h
Watchdog timer register (read-only)
0000h
WDTCON b
FFAEh
D7h
Watchdog timer control register
00xxh
XADRS3
F01ChE
0Eh
XPER address select register 3
800Bh
XP0IC b
F186hE
C3h
See Section 8.1
- - 00h
XP1IC b
F18EhE
C7h
See Section 8.1
- - 00h
XP2IC b
F196hE
CBh
See Section 8.1
- - 00h
XP3IC b
F19EhE
CFh
See Section 8.1
- - 00h
XPERCON
F024hE
12h
XPER configuration register
- - 05h
ZEROS b
FF1Ch
8Eh
Constant value 0’s register (read-only)
0000h
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
ST10F276E
Note:
22.5
Register set
1
The system configuration is selected during reset. SYSCON reset value is 0000 0xx0 x000
0000b.
2
Reset Value depends on different triggered reset event.
3
The XPnIC Interrupt Control Registers control interrupt requests from integrated X-Bus
peripherals. Some software controlled interrupt requests may be generated by setting the
XPnIR bits (of XPnIC register) of the unused X-Peripheral nodes.
Special function registers ordered by address
Table 68 lists by order of their physical addresses all SFRs which are implemented in the
ST10F276E.
Bit-addressable SFRs are marked with the letter “b” in column “Name”.
SFRs within the Extended SFR-Space (ESFRs) are marked with the letter “E” in column
“Physical Address”.
Table 68.
Name
Special function registers ordered by address
Physical
address
8-bit
addres
s
Description
Reset
value
QX0
F000hE
00h
MAC unit offset register X0
0000h
QX1
F002hE
01h
MAC unit offset register X1
0000h
QR0
F004hE
02h
MAC unit offset register R0
0000h
QR1
F006hE
03h
MAC unit offset register R1
0000h
XADRS3
F01ChE
0Eh
XPER address select register 3
800Bh
XPERCON
F024hE
12h
XPER configuration register
- - 05h
PT0
F030hE
18h
PWM module up/down counter 0
0000h
PT1
F032hE
19h
PWM module up/down counter 1
0000h
PT2
F034hE
1Ah
PWM module up/down counter 2
0000h
PT3
F036hE
1Bh
PWM module up/down counter 3
0000h
PP0
F038hE
1Ch
PWM module period register 0
0000h
PP1
F03AhE
1Dh
PWM module period register 1
0000h
PP2
F03ChE
1Eh
PWM module period register 2
0000h
PP3
F03EhE
1Fh
PWM module period register 3
0000h
T7
F050hE
28h
CAPCOM timer 7 register
0000h
T8
F052hE
29h
CAPCOM timer 8 register
0000h
T7REL
F054hE
2Ah
CAPCOM timer 7 reload register
0000h
T8REL
F056hE
2Bh
CAPCOM timer 8 reload register
0000h
IDPROG
F078hE
3Ch
Programming voltage identifier register
0040h
IDMEM
F07AhE
3Dh
On-chip memory identifier register
30D0h
IDCHIP
F07ChE
3Eh
Device identifier register (n is the device revision)
114nh
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Register set
ST10F276E
Table 68.
Name
148/235
Special function registers ordered by address (continued)
Physical
address
8-bit
addres
s
Description
Reset
value
IDMANUF
F07EhE
3Fh
Manufacturer identifier register
0403h
ADDAT2
F0A0hE
50h
A/D converter 2 result register
0000h
SSCTB
F0B0hE
58h
SSC transmit buffer (write-only)
0000h
SSCRB
F0B2hE
59h
SSC receive buffer (read-only)
XXXXh
SSCBR
F0B4hE
5Ah
SSC baud rate register
0000h
DP0Lb
F100hE
80h
P0L direction control register
- - 00h
DP0Hb
F102hE
81h
P0H direction control register
- - 00h
DP1Lb
F104hE
82h
P1L direction control register
- - 00h
DP1Hb
F106hE
83h
P1H direction control register
- - 00h
RP0Hb
F108hE
84h
System start-up configuration register (read-only)
- - XXh
CC16IC b
F160hE
B0h
CAPCOM register 16 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC17IC b
F162hE
B1h
CAPCOM register 17 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC18IC b
F164hE
B2h
CAPCOM register 18 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC19IC b
F166hE
B3h
CAPCOM register 19 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC20IC b
F168hE
B4h
CAPCOM register 20 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC21IC b
F16AhE
B5h
CAPCOM register 21 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC22IC b
F16ChE
B6h
CAPCOM register 22 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC23IC b
F16EhE
B7h
CAPCOM register 23 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC24IC b
F170hE
B8h
CAPCOM register 24 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC25IC b
F172hE
B9h
CAPCOM register 25 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC26IC b
F174hE
BAh
CAPCOM register 26 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC27IC b
F176hE
BBh
CAPCOM register 27 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC28IC b
F178hE
BCh
CAPCOM register 28 interrupt control register
- - 00h
T7IC b
F17AhE
BDh
CAPCOM timer 7 interrupt control register
- - 00h
T8IC b
F17ChE
BEh
CAPCOM timer 8 interrupt control register
- - 00h
PWMIC b
F17EhE
BFh
PWM module interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC29IC b
F184hE
C2h
CAPCOM register 29 interrupt control register
- - 00h
XP0IC b
F186hE
C3h
See Section 8.1
- - 00h
CC30IC b
F18ChE
C6h
CAPCOM register 30 interrupt control register
- - 00h
XP1IC b
F18EhE
C7h
See Section 8.1
- - 00h
CC31IC b
F194hE
CAh
CAPCOM register 31 interrupt control register
- - 00h
XP2IC b
F196hE
CBh
See Section 8.1
- - 00h
S0TBIC b
F19ChE
CEh
Serial channel 0 transmit buffer interrupt control
register.
- - 00h
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
ST10F276E
Register set
Table 68.
Name
Special function registers ordered by address (continued)
Physical
address
8-bit
addres
s
Description
Reset
value
XP3IC b
F19EhE
CFh
See Section 8.1
- - 00h
EXICON b
F1C0hE
E0h
External interrupt control register
0000h
ODP2 b
F1C2hE
E1h
Port2 open drain control register
0000h
PICON b
F1C4hE
E2h
Port input threshold control register
- - 00h
ODP3 b
F1C6hE
E3h
Port3 open drain control register
0000h
ODP4 b
F1CAhE
E5h
Port4 open drain control register
- - 00h
ODP6 b
F1CEhE
E7h
Port6 open drain control register
- - 00h
ODP7 b
F1D2hE
E9h
Port7 open drain control register
- - 00h
ODP8 b
F1D6hE
EBh
Port8 open drain control register
- - 00h
EXISEL b
F1DAhE
EDh
External interrupt source selection register
0000h
DPP0
FE00h
00h
CPU data page pointer 0 register (10-bit)
0000h
DPP1
FE02h
01h
CPU data page pointer 1 register (10-bit)
0001h
DPP2
FE04h
02h
CPU data page pointer 2 register (10-bit)
0002h
DPP3
FE06h
03h
CPU data page pointer 3 register (10-bit)
0003h
CSP
FE08h
04h
CPU code segment pointer register (read-only)
0000h
EMUCON
FE0Ah
05h
Emulation control register
- - XXh
MDH
FE0Ch
06h
CPU multiply divide register – High word
0000h
MDL
FE0Eh
07h
CPU multiply divide register – Low word
0000h
CP
FE10h
08h
CPU context pointer register
FC00h
SP
FE12h
09h
CPU system stack pointer register
FC00h
STKOV
FE14h
0Ah
CPU stack overflow pointer register
FA00h
STKUN
FE16h
0Bh
CPU stack underflow pointer register
FC00h
ADDRSEL1
FE18h
0Ch
Address select register 1
0000h
ADDRSEL2
FE1Ah
0Dh
Address select register 2
0000h
ADDRSEL3
FE1Ch
0Eh
Address select register 3
0000h
ADDRSEL4
FE1Eh
0Fh
Address select register 4
0000h
PW0
FE30h
18h
PWM module pulse width register 0
0000h
PW1
FE32h
19h
PWM module pulse width register 1
0000h
PW2
FE34h
1Ah
PWM module pulse width register 2
0000h
PW3
FE36h
1Bh
PWM module pulse width register 3
0000h
T2
FE40h
20h
GPT1 timer 2 register
0000h
T3
FE42h
21h
GPT1 timer 3 register
0000h
T4
FE44h
22h
GPT1 timer 4 register
0000h
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Register set
ST10F276E
Table 68.
Name
150/235
Special function registers ordered by address (continued)
Physical
address
8-bit
addres
s
Description
Reset
value
T5
FE46h
23h
GPT2 timer 5 register
0000h
T6
FE48h
24h
GPT2 timer 6 register
0000h
CAPREL
FE4Ah
25h
GPT2 capture/reload register
0000h
T0
FE50h
28h
CAPCOM timer 0 register
0000h
T1
FE52h
29h
CAPCOM timer 1 register
0000h
T0REL
FE54h
2Ah
CAPCOM timer 0 reload register
0000h
T1REL
FE56h
2Bh
CAPCOM timer 1 reload register
0000h
MAL
FE5Ch
2Eh
MAC unit accumulator - Low word
0000h
MAH
FE5Eh
2Fh
MAC unit accumulator - High word
0000h
CC16
FE60h
30h
CAPCOM register 16
0000h
CC17
FE62h
31h
CAPCOM register 17
0000h
CC18
FE64h
32h
CAPCOM register 18
0000h
CC19
FE66h
33h
CAPCOM register 19
0000h
CC20
FE68h
34h
CAPCOM register 20
0000h
CC21
FE6Ah
35h
CAPCOM register 21
0000h
CC22
FE6Ch
36h
CAPCOM register 22
0000h
CC23
FE6Eh
37h
CAPCOM register 23
0000h
CC24
FE70h
38h
CAPCOM register 24
0000h
CC25
FE72h
39h
CAPCOM register 25
0000h
CC26
FE74h
3Ah
CAPCOM register 26
0000h
CC27
FE76h
3Bh
CAPCOM register 27
0000h
CC28
FE78h
3Ch
CAPCOM register 28
0000h
CC29
FE7Ah
3Dh
CAPCOM register 29
0000h
CC30
FE7Ch
3Eh
CAPCOM register 30
0000h
CC31
FE7Eh
3Fh
CAPCOM register 31
0000h
CC0
FE80h
40h
CAPCOM register 0
0000h
CC1
FE82h
41h
CAPCOM register 1
0000h
CC2
FE84h
42h
CAPCOM register 2
0000h
CC3
FE86h
43h
CAPCOM register 3
0000h
CC4
FE88h
44h
CAPCOM register 4
0000h
CC5
FE8Ah
45h
CAPCOM register 5
0000h
CC6
FE8Ch
46h
CAPCOM register 6
0000h
CC7
FE8Eh
47h
CAPCOM register 7
0000h
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
ST10F276E
Register set
Table 68.
Name
Special function registers ordered by address (continued)
Physical
address
8-bit
addres
s
Description
Reset
value
CC8
FE90h
48h
CAPCOM register 8
0000h
CC9
FE92h
49h
CAPCOM register 9
0000h
CC10
FE94h
4Ah
CAPCOM register 10
0000h
CC11
FE96h
4Bh
CAPCOM register 11
0000h
CC12
FE98h
4Ch
CAPCOM register 12
0000h
CC13
FE9Ah
4Dh
CAPCOM register 13
0000h
CC14
FE9Ch
4Eh
CAPCOM register 14
0000h
CC15
FE9Eh
4Fh
CAPCOM register 15
0000h
ADDAT
FEA0h
50h
A/D converter result register
0000h
WDT
FEAEh
57h
Watchdog timer register (read-only)
0000h
S0TBUF
FEB0h
58h
Serial channel 0 transmit buffer register
(write-only)
0000h
S0RBUF
FEB2h
59h
Serial channel 0 receive buffer register (read-only) - - XXh
S0BG
FEB4h
5Ah
Serial channel 0 baud rate generator reload
register
0000h
PECC0
FEC0h
60h
PEC channel 0 control register
0000h
PECC1
FEC2h
61h
PEC channel 1 control register
0000h
PECC2
FEC4h
62h
PEC channel 2 control register
0000h
PECC3
FEC6h
63h
PEC channel 3 control register
0000h
PECC4
FEC8h
64h
PEC channel 4 control register
0000h
PECC5
FECAh
65h
PEC channel 5 control register
0000h
PECC6
FECCh
66h
PEC channel 6 control register
0000h
PECC7
FECEh
67h
PEC channel 7 control register
0000h
P0L b
FF00h
80h
Port0 low register (lower half of PORT0)
- - 00h
P0H b
FF02h
81h
Port0 high register (upper half of PORT0)
- - 00h
P1L b
FF04h
82h
Port1 low register (lower half of PORT1)
- - 00h
P1H b
FF06h
83h
Port1 high register (upper half of PORT1)
- - 00h
IDX0 b
FF08h
84h
MAC unit address pointer 0
0000h
IDX1 b
FF0Ah
85h
MAC unit address pointer 1
0000h
BUSCON0 b
FF0Ch
86h
Bus configuration register 0
0xx0h
MDC b
FF0Eh
87h
CPU multiply divide control register
0000h
PSW b
FF10h
88h
CPU program status word
0000h
SYSCON b
FF12h
89h
CPU system configuration register
0xx0h
BUSCON1 b
FF14h
8Ah
Bus configuration register 1
0000h
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
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Register set
ST10F276E
Table 68.
Name
152/235
Special function registers ordered by address (continued)
Physical
address
8-bit
addres
s
Description
Reset
value
BUSCON2 b
FF16h
8Bh
Bus configuration register 2
0000h
BUSCON3 b
FF18h
8Ch
Bus configuration register 3
0000h
BUSCON4 b
FF1Ah
8Dh
Bus configuration register 4
0000h
ZEROS b
FF1Ch
8Eh
Constant value 0’s register (read-only)
0000h
ONES b
FF1Eh
8Fh
Constant value 1’s register (read-only)
FFFFh
T78CON b
FF20h
90h
CAPCOM timer 7 and 8 control register
0000h
CCM4 b
FF22h
91h
CAPCOM mode control register 4
0000h
CCM5 b
FF24h
92h
CAPCOM mode control register 5
0000h
CCM6 b
FF26h
93h
CAPCOM mode control register 6
0000h
CCM7 b
FF28h
94h
CAPCOM mode control register 7
0000h
PWMCON0 b FF30h
98h
PWM module control register 0
0000h
PWMCON1 b FF32h
99h
PWM module control register 1
0000h
T2CON b
FF40h
A0h
GPT1 timer 2 control register
0000h
T3CON b
FF42h
A1h
GPT1 timer 3 control register
0000h
T4CON b
FF44h
A2h
GPT1 timer 4 control register
0000h
T5CON b
FF46h
A3h
GPT2 timer 5 control register
0000h
T6CON b
FF48h
A4h
GPT2 timer 6 control register
0000h
T01CON b
FF50h
A8h
CAPCOM timer 0 and timer 1 control register
0000h
CCM0 b
FF52h
A9h
CAPCOM mode control register 0
0000h
CCM1 b
FF54h
AAh
CAPCOM mode control register 1
0000h
CCM2 b
FF56h
ABh
CAPCOM mode control register 2
0000h
CCM3 b
FF58h
ACh
CAPCOM mode control register 3
0000h
T2IC b
FF60h
B0h
GPT1 timer 2 interrupt control register
- - 00h
T3IC b
FF62h
B1h
GPT1 timer 3 interrupt control register
- - 00h
T4IC b
FF64h
B2h
GPT1 timer 4 interrupt control register
- - 00h
T5IC b
FF66h
B3h
GPT2 timer 5 interrupt control register
- - 00h
T6IC b
FF68h
B4h
GPT2 timer 6 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CRIC b
FF6Ah
B5h
GPT2 CAPREL interrupt control register
- - 00h
S0TIC b
FF6Ch
B6h
Serial channel 0 transmit interrupt control register - - 00h
S0RIC b
FF6Eh
B7h
Serial channel 0 receive interrupt control register
- - 00h
S0EIC b
FF70h
B8h
Serial channel 0 error interrupt control register
- - 00h
SSCTIC b
FF72h
B9h
SSC transmit interrupt control register
- - 00h
SSCRIC b
FF74h
BAh
SSC receive interrupt control register
- - 00h
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
ST10F276E
Register set
Table 68.
Name
Special function registers ordered by address (continued)
Physical
address
8-bit
addres
s
Description
Reset
value
SSCEIC b
FF76h
BBh
SSC error interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC0IC b
FF78h
BCh
CAPCOM register 0 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC1IC b
FF7Ah
BDh
CAPCOM register 1 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC2IC b
FF7Ch
BEh
CAPCOM register 2 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC3IC b
FF7Eh
BFh
CAPCOM register 3 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC4IC b
FF80h
C0h
CAPCOM register 4 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC5IC b
FF82h
C1h
CAPCOM register 5 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC6IC b
FF84h
C2h
CAPCOM register 6 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC7IC b
FF86h
C3h
CAPCOM register 7 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC8IC b
FF88h
C4h
CAPCOM register 8 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC9IC b
FF8Ah
C5h
CAPCOM register 9 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC10IC b
FF8Ch
C6h
CAPCOM register 10 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC11IC b
FF8Eh
C7h
CAPCOM register 11 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC12IC b
FF90h
C8h
CAPCOM register 12 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC13IC b
FF92h
C9h
CAPCOM register 13 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC14IC b
FF94h
CAh
CAPCOM register 14 interrupt control register
- - 00h
CC15IC b
FF96h
CBh
CAPCOM register 15 interrupt control register
- - 00h
ADCIC b
FF98h
CCh
A/D converter end of conversion interrupt control
register
- - 00h
ADEIC b
FF9Ah
CDh
A/D converter overrun error interrupt control
register
- - 00h
T0IC b
FF9Ch
CEh
CAPCOM timer 0 interrupt control register
- - 00h
T1IC b
FF9Eh
CFh
CAPCOM timer 1 interrupt control register
- - 00h
ADCON b
FFA0h
D0h
A/D converter control register
0000h
FFA2h
D1h
Port 5 register (read-only)
XXXXh
P5DIDIS b
FFA4h
D2h
Port 5 digital disable register
0000h
TFR b
FFACh
D6h
Trap flag register
0000h
WDTCON b
FFAEh
D7h
Watchdog timer control register
00xxh
S0CON b
FFB0h
D8h
Serial channel 0 control register
0000h
SSCCON b
FFB2h
D9h
SSC control register
0000h
b
FFC0h
E0h
Port 2 register
0000h
DP2 b
FFC2h
E1h
Port 2 direction control register
0000h
b
FFC4h
E2h
Port 3 register
0000h
DP3 b
FFC6h
E3h
Port 3 direction control register
0000h
P5
P2
P3
b
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
153/235
Register set
ST10F276E
Table 68.
Special function registers ordered by address (continued)
Physical
address
Name
Reset
value
Description
b
FFC8h
E4h
Port 4 register (8-bit)
- - 00h
DP4 b
FFCAh
E5h
Port 4 direction control register
- - 00h
b
FFCCh
E6h
Port 6 register (8-bit)
- - 00h
DP6 b
FFCEh
E7h
Port 6 direction control register
- - 00h
b
FFD0h
E8h
Port 7 register (8-bit)
- - 00h
DP7 b
FFD2h
E9h
Port 7 direction control register
- - 00h
b
FFD4h
EAh
Port 8 register (8-bit)
- - 00h
DP8 b
FFD6h
EBh
Port 8 direction control register
- - 00h
MRW b
FFDAh
EDh
MAC unit repeat word
0000h
MCW b
FFDCh
EEh
MAC unit control word
0000h
MSW b
FFDEh
EFh
MAC unit status word
0200h
P4
P6
P7
P8
22.6
8-bit
addres
s
X-registers sorted by name
Table 69 lists by order of their names all X-Bus registers which are implemented in the
ST10F276E. Although also physically mapped on X-Bus memory space, the Flash control
registers are listed in a separate section.
Note:
The X-registers are not bit-addressable.
Table 69.
X-Registers ordered by name
Name
154/235
Physical
address
Description
Reset value
CAN1BRPER
EF0Ch
CAN1: BRP extension register
0000h
CAN1BTR
EF06h
CAN1: Bit timing register
2301h
CAN1CR
EF00h
CAN1: CAN control register
0001h
CAN1EC
EF04h
CAN1: Error counter
0000h
CAN1IF1A1
EF18h
CAN1: IF1 arbitration 1
0000h
CAN1IF1A2
EF1Ah
CAN1: IF1 arbitration 2
0000h
CAN1IF1CM
EF12h
CAN1: IF1 command mask
0000h
CAN1IF1CR
EF10h
CAN1: IF1 command request
0001h
CAN1IF1DA1
EF1Eh
CAN1: IF1 data A 1
0000h
CAN1IF1DA2
EF20h
CAN1: IF1 data A 2
0000h
CAN1IF1DB1
EF22h
CAN1: IF1 data B 1
0000h
CAN1IF1DB2
EF24h
CAN1: IF1 data B 2
0000h
CAN1IF1M1
EF14h
CAN1: IF1 mask 1
FFFFh
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
ST10F276E
Register set
Table 69.
X-Registers ordered by name (continued)
Name
Physical
address
Description
Reset value
CAN1IF1M2
EF16h
CAN1: IF1 mask 2
FFFFh
CAN1IF1MC
EF1Ch
CAN1: IF1 message control
0000h
CAN1IF2A1
EF48h
CAN1: IF2 arbitration 1
0000h
CAN1IF2A2
EF4Ah
CAN1: IF2 arbitration 2
0000h
CAN1IF2CM
EF42h
CAN1: IF2 command mask
0000h
CAN1IF2CR
EF40h
CAN1: IF2 command request
0001h
CAN1IF2DA1
EF4Eh
CAN1: IF2 data A 1
0000h
CAN1IF2DA2
EF50h
CAN1: IF2 data A 2
0000h
CAN1IF2DB1
EF52h
CAN1: IF2 data B 1
0000h
CAN1IF2DB2
EF54h
CAN1: IF2 data B 2
0000h
CAN1IF2M1
EF44h
CAN1: IF2 mask 1
FFFFh
CAN1IF2M2
EF46h
CAN1: IF2 mask 2
FFFFh
CAN1IF2MC
EF4Ch
CAN1: IF2 message control
0000h
CAN1IP1
EFA0h
CAN1: interrupt pending 1
0000h
CAN1IP2
EFA2h
CAN1: interrupt pending 2
0000h
CAN1IR
EF08h
CAN1: interrupt register
0000h
CAN1MV1
EFB0h
CAN1: Message valid 1
0000h
CAN1MV2
EFB2h
CAN1: Message valid 2
0000h
CAN1ND1
EF90h
CAN1: New data 1
0000h
CAN1ND2
EF92h
CAN1: New data 2
0000h
CAN1SR
EF02h
CAN1: Status register
0000h
CAN1TR
EF0Ah
CAN1: Test register
00x0h
CAN1TR1
EF80h
CAN1: Transmission request 1
0000h
CAN1TR2
EF82h
CAN1: Transmission request 2
0000h
CAN2BRPER
EE0Ch
CAN2: BRP extension register
0000h
CAN2BTR
EE06h
CAN2: Bit timing register
2301h
CAN2CR
EE00h
CAN2: CAN control register
0001h
CAN2EC
EE04h
CAN2: Error counter
0000h
CAN2IF1A1
EE18h
CAN2: IF1 arbitration 1
0000h
CAN2IF1A2
EE1Ah
CAN2: IF1 arbitration 2
0000h
CAN2IF1CM
EE12h
CAN2: IF1 command mask
0000h
CAN2IF1CR
EE10h
CAN2: IF1 command request
0001h
CAN2IF1DA1
EE1Eh
CAN2: IF1 data A 1
0000h
CAN2IF1DA2
EE20h
CAN2: IF1 data A 2
0000h
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Register set
ST10F276E
Table 69.
X-Registers ordered by name (continued)
Name
156/235
Physical
address
Description
Reset value
CAN2IF1DB1
EE22h
CAN2: IF1 data B 1
0000h
CAN2IF1DB2
EE24h
CAN2: IF1 data B 2
0000h
CAN2IF1M1
EE14h
CAN2: IF1 mask 1
FFFFh
CAN2IF1M2
EE16h
CAN2: IF1 mask 2
FFFFh
CAN2IF1MC
EE1Ch
CAN2: IF1 message control
0000h
CAN2IF2A1
EE48h
CAN2: IF2 arbitration 1
0000h
CAN2IF2A2
EE4Ah
CAN2: IF2 arbitration 2
0000h
CAN2IF2CM
EE42h
CAN2: IF2 command mask
0000h
CAN2IF2CR
EE40h
CAN2: IF2 command request
0001h
CAN2IF2DA1
EE4Eh
CAN2: IF2 data A 1
0000h
CAN2IF2DA2
EE50h
CAN2: IF2 data A 2
0000h
CAN2IF2DB1
EE52h
CAN2: IF2 data B 1
0000h
CAN2IF2DB2
EE54h
CAN2: IF2 data B 2
0000h
CAN2IF2M1
EE44h
CAN2: IF2 mask 1
FFFFh
CAN2IF2M2
EE46h
CAN2: IF2 mask 2
FFFFh
CAN2IF2MC
EE4Ch
CAN2: IF2 message control
0000h
CAN2IP1
EEA0h
CAN2: Interrupt pending 1
0000h
CAN2IP2
EEA2h
CAN2: Interrupt pending 2
0000h
CAN2IR
EE08h
CAN2: Interrupt register
0000h
CAN2MV1
EEB0h
CAN2: Message valid 1
0000h
CAN2MV2
EEB2h
CAN2: Message valid 2
0000h
CAN2ND1
EE90h
CAN2: New data 1
0000h
CAN2ND2
EE92h
CAN2: New data 2
0000h
CAN2SR
EE02h
CAN2: Status register
0000h
CAN2TR
EE0Ah
CAN2: Test register
00x0h
CAN2TR1
EE80h
CAN2: Transmission request 1
0000h
CAN2TR2
EE82h
CAN2: Transmission request 2
0000h
I2CCCR1
EA06h
I2C Clock control register 1
0000h
I2CCCR2
EA0Eh
I2C Clock control register 2
0000h
I2CCR
EA00h
I2C Control register
0000h
I2CDR
EA0Ch
I2C Data register
0000h
I2COAR1
EA08h
I2C Own address register 1
0000h
I2COAR2
EA0Ah
I2C Own address register 2
0000h
I2CSR1
EA02h
I2C Status register 1
0000h
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
ST10F276E
Register set
Table 69.
X-Registers ordered by name (continued)
Name
Physical
address
Description
Reset value
I2CSR2
EA04h
I2C Status register 2
0000h
RTCAH
ED14h
RTC Alarm register high byte
XXXXh
RTCAL
ED12h
RTC Alarm register low byte
XXXXh
RTCCON
ED00H
RTC Control register
000Xh
RTCDH
ED0Ch
RTC Divider counter high byte
XXXXh
RTCDL
ED0Ah
RTC Divider counter low byte
XXXXh
RTCH
ED10h
RTC Programmable counter high byte
XXXXh
RTCL
ED0Eh
RTC Programmable counter low byte
XXXXh
RTCPH
ED08h
RTC Prescaler register high byte
XXXXh
RTCPL
ED06h
RTC Prescaler register low byte
XXXXh
XCLKOUTDIV
EB02h
CLKOUT Divider control register
- - 00h
XEMU0
EB76h
XBUS Emulation register 0 (write-only)
XXXXh
XEMU1
EB78h
XBUS Emulation register 1 (write-only)
XXXXh
XEMU2
EB7Ah
XBUS Emulation register 2 (write-only)
XXXXh
XEMU3
EB7Ch
XBUS Emulation register 3 (write-only)
XXXXh
XIR0CLR
EB14h
X-Interrupt 0 clear register (write-only)
0000h
XIR0SEL
EB10h
X-Interrupt 0 selection register
0000h
XIR0SET
EB12h
X-Interrupt 0 set register (write-only)
0000h
XIR1CLR
EB24h
X-Interrupt 1 clear register (write-only)
0000h
XIR1SEL
EB20h
X-Interrupt 1 selection register
0000h
XIR1SET
EB22h
X-Interrupt 1 set register (write-only)
0000h
XIR2CLR
EB34h
X-Interrupt 2 clear register (write-only)
0000h
XIR2SEL
EB30h
X-Interrupt 2 selection register
0000h
XIR2SET
EB32h
X-Interrupt 2 set register (write-only)
0000h
XIR3CLR
EB44h
X-Interrupt 3 clear selection register (write0000h
only)
XIR3SEL
EB40h
X-Interrupt 3 selection register
0000h
XIR3SET
EB42h
X-Interrupt 3 set selection register (writeonly)
0000h
XMISC
EB46h
XBUS miscellaneous features register
0000h
XP1DIDIS
EB36h
Port 1 digital disable register
0000h
XPEREMU
EB7Eh
XPERCON copy for emulation (write-only)
XXXXh
XPICON
EB26h
Extended port input threshold control
register
- - 00h
XPOLAR
EC04h
XPWM module channel polarity register
0000h
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Register set
ST10F276E
Table 69.
X-Registers ordered by name (continued)
Name
158/235
Physical
address
Description
Reset value
XPP0
EC20h
XPWM module period register 0
0000h
XPP1
EC22h
XPWM module period register 1
0000h
XPP2
EC24h
XPWM module period register 2
0000h
XPP3
EC26h
XPWM module period register 3
0000h
XPT0
EC10h
XPWM module up/down counter 0
0000h
XPT1
EC12h
XPWM module up/down counter 1
0000h
XPT2
EC14h
XPWM module up/down counter 2
0000h
XPT3
EC16h
XPWM module up/down counter 3
0000h
XPW0
EC30h
XPWM module pulse width register 0
0000h
XPW1
EC32h
XPWM module pulse width register 1
0000h
XPW2
EC34h
XPWM module pulse width register 2
0000h
XPW3
EC36h
XPWM module pulse width register 3
0000h
XPWMCON0
EC00h
XPWM module control register 0
0000h
XPWMCON0CLR
EC08h
XPWM module clear control reg. 0 (writeonly)
0000h
XPWMCON0SET
EC06h
XPWM module set control register 0 (write0000h
only)
XPWMCON1
EC02h
XPWM module control register 1
0000h
XPWMCON1CLR
EC0Ch
XPWM module clear control reg. 0 (writeonly)
0000h
XPWMCON1SET
EC0Ah
XPWM module set control register 0 (write0000h
only)
XPWMPORT
EC80h
XPWM module port control register
0000h
XS1BG
E906h
XASC baud rate generator reload register
0000h
XS1CON
E900h
XASC control register
0000h
XS1CONCLR
E904h
XASC clear control register (write-only)
0000h
XS1CONSET
E902h
XASC set control register (write-only)
0000h
XS1PORT
E980h
XASC port control register
0000h
XS1RBUF
E90Ah
XASC receive buffer register
0000h
XS1TBUF
E908h
XASC transmit buffer register
0000h
XSSCBR
E80Ah
XSSC baud rate register
0000h
XSSCCON
E800h
XSSC control register
0000h
XSSCCONCLR
E804h
XSSC clear control register (write-only)
0000h
XSSCCONSET
E802h
XSSC set control register (write-only)
0000h
XSSCPORT
E880h
XSSC port control register
0000h
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
ST10F276E
Register set
Table 69.
Name
X-Registers ordered by name (continued)
Physical
address
Description
Reset value
XSSCRB
E808h
XSSC receive buffer
XXXXh
XSSCTB
E806h
XSSC transmit buffer
0000h
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
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Register set
22.7
ST10F276E
X-registers ordered by address
Table 70 lists by order of their physical addresses all X-Bus registers which are implemented
in the ST10F276E. Although also physically mapped on X-Bus memory space, the Flash
control registers are listed in a separate section.
Note:
The X-registers are not bit-addressable.
Table 70.
X-registers ordered by address
Name
160/235
Physical
address
Description
Reset value
XSSCCON
E800h
XSSC control register
0000h
XSSCCONSET
E802h
XSSC set control register (write-only)
0000h
XSSCCONCLR
E804h
XSSC clear control register (write-only)
0000h
XSSCTB
E806h
XSSC transmit buffer
0000h
XSSCRB
E808h
XSSC receive buffer
XXXXh
XSSCBR
E80Ah
XSSC baud rate register
0000h
XSSCPORT
E880h
XSSC port control register
0000h
XS1CON
E900h
XASC control register
0000h
XS1CONSET
E902h
XASC set control register (write-only)
0000h
XS1CONCLR
E904h
XASC clear control register (write-only)
0000h
XS1BG
E906h
XASC baud rate generator reload register
0000h
XS1TBUF
E908h
XASC transmit buffer register
0000h
XS1RBUF
E90Ah
XASC receive buffer register
0000h
XS1PORT
E980h
XASC port control register
0000h
I2CCR
EA00h
I2C control register
0000h
I2CSR1
EA02h
I2C status register 1
0000h
I2CSR2
EA04h
I2C status register 2
0000h
I2CCCR1
EA06h
I2C clock control register 1
0000h
I2COAR1
EA08h
I2C own address register 1
0000h
I2COAR2
EA0Ah
I2C own address register 2
0000h
I2CDR
EA0Ch
I2C data register
0000h
I2CCCR2
EA0Eh
I2C clock control register 2
0000h
XCLKOUTDIV
EB02h
CLKOUT divider control register
- - 00h
XIR0SEL
EB10h
X-Interrupt 0 selection register
0000h
XIR0SET
EB12h
X-Interrupt 0 set register (write-only)
0000h
XIR0CLR
EB14h
X-Interrupt 0 clear register (write-only)
0000h
XIR1SEL
EB20h
X-Interrupt 1 selection register
0000h
XIR1SET
EB22h
X-Interrupt 1 set register (write-only)
0000h
XIR1CLR
EB24h
X-Interrupt 1 clear register (write-only)
0000h
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
ST10F276E
Register set
Table 70.
X-registers ordered by address (continued)
Name
Physical
address
Description
Reset value
XPICON
EB26h
Extended port input threshold control
register
- - 00h
XIR2SEL
EB30h
X-Interrupt 2 selection register
0000h
XIR2SET
EB32h
X-Interrupt 2 set register (write-only)
0000h
XIR2CLR
EB34h
X-Interrupt 2 clear register (write-only)
0000h
XP1DIDIS
EB36h
Port 1 digital disable register
0000h
XIR3SEL
EB40h
X-Interrupt 3 selection register
0000h
XIR3SET
EB42h
X-Interrupt 3 set selection register
(write-only)
0000h
XIR3CLR
EB44h
X-Interrupt 3 clear selection register
(write-only)
0000h
XMISC
EB46h
XBUS miscellaneous features register
0000h
XEMU0
EB76h
XBUS emulation register 0 (write-only)
XXXXh
XEMU1
EB78h
XBUS emulation register 1 (write-only)
XXXXh
XEMU2
EB7Ah
XBUS emulation register 2 (write-only)
XXXXh
XEMU3
EB7Ch
XBUS emulation register 3 (write-only)
XXXXh
XPEREMU
EB7Eh
XPERCON copy for emulation (write-only)
XXXXh
XPWMCON0
EC00h
XPWM module control register 0
0000h
XPWMCON1
EC02h
XPWM module control register 1
0000h
XPOLAR
EC04h
XPWM module channel polarity register
0000h
XPWMCON0SET
EC06h
XPWM module set control register 0
(write-only)
0000h
XPWMCON0CLR
EC08h
XPWM module clear control reg. 0
(write-only)
0000h
XPWMCON1SET
EC0Ah
XPWM module set control register 0
(write-only)
0000h
XPWMCON1CLR
EC0Ch
XPWM module clear control reg. 0
(write-only)
0000h
XPT0
EC10h
XPWM module up/down counter 0
0000h
XPT1
EC12h
XPWM module up/down counter 1
0000h
XPT2
EC14h
XPWM module up/down Counter 2
0000h
XPT3
EC16h
XPWM module up/down counter 3
0000h
XPP0
EC20h
XPWM module period register 0
0000h
XPP1
EC22h
XPWM module period register 1
0000h
XPP2
EC24h
XPWM module period register 2
0000h
XPP3
EC26h
XPWM module period register 3
0000h
XPW0
EC30h
XPWM module pulse width register 0
0000h
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Register set
ST10F276E
Table 70.
X-registers ordered by address (continued)
Name
162/235
Physical
address
Description
Reset value
XPW1
EC32h
XPWM module pulse width register 1
0000h
XPW2
EC34h
XPWM module pulse width register 2
0000h
XPW3
EC36h
XPWM module pulse width register 3
0000h
XPWMPORT
EC80h
XPWM module port control register
0000h
RTCCON
ED00H
RTC control register
000Xh
RTCPL
ED06h
RTC prescaler register low byte
XXXXh
RTCPH
ED08h
RTC prescaler register high byte
XXXXh
RTCDL
ED0Ah
RTC divider counter low byte
XXXXh
RTCDH
ED0Ch
RTC divider counter high byte
XXXXh
RTCL
ED0Eh
RTC programmable counter low byte
XXXXh
RTCH
ED10h
RTC programmable counter high byte
XXXXh
RTCAL
ED12h
RTC alarm register low byte
XXXXh
RTCAH
ED14h
RTC alarm register high byte
XXXXh
CAN2CR
EE00h
CAN2: CAN control register
0001h
CAN2SR
EE02h
CAN2: status register
0000h
CAN2EC
EE04h
CAN2: error counter
0000h
CAN2BTR
EE06h
CAN2: bit timing register
2301h
CAN2IR
EE08h
CAN2: interrupt register
0000h
CAN2TR
EE0Ah
CAN2: test register
00x0h
CAN2BRPER
EE0Ch
CAN2: BRP extension register
0000h
CAN2IF1CR
EE10h
CAN2: IF1 command request
0001h
CAN2IF1CM
EE12h
CAN2: IF1 command mask
0000h
CAN2IF1M1
EE14h
CAN2: IF1 mask 1
FFFFh
CAN2IF1M2
EE16h
CAN2: IF1 mask 2
FFFFh
CAN2IF1A1
EE18h
CAN2: IF1 arbitration 1
0000h
CAN2IF1A2
EE1Ah
CAN2: IF1 arbitration 2
0000h
CAN2IF1MC
EE1Ch
CAN2: IF1 message control
0000h
CAN2IF1DA1
EE1Eh
CAN2: IF1 data A 1
0000h
CAN2IF1DA2
EE20h
CAN2: IF1 data A 2
0000h
CAN2IF1DB1
EE22h
CAN2: IF1 data B 1
0000h
CAN2IF1DB2
EE24h
CAN2: IF1 data B 2
0000h
CAN2IF2CR
EE40h
CAN2: IF2 command request
0001h
CAN2IF2CM
EE42h
CAN2: IF2 command mask
0000h
CAN2IF2M1
EE44h
CAN2: IF2 mask 1
FFFFh
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
ST10F276E
Register set
Table 70.
X-registers ordered by address (continued)
Name
Physical
address
Description
Reset value
CAN2IF2M2
EE46h
CAN2: IF2 mask 2
FFFFh
CAN2IF2A1
EE48h
CAN2: IF2 arbitration 1
0000h
CAN2IF2A2
EE4Ah
CAN2: IF2 arbitration 2
0000h
CAN2IF2MC
EE4Ch
CAN2: IF2 message control
0000h
CAN2IF2DA1
EE4Eh
CAN2: IF2 data A 1
0000h
CAN2IF2DA2
EE50h
CAN2: IF2 data A 2
0000h
CAN2IF2DB1
EE52h
CAN2: IF2 data B 1
0000h
CAN2IF2DB2
EE54h
CAN2: IF2 data B 2
0000h
CAN2TR1
EE80h
CAN2: transmission request 1
0000h
CAN2TR2
EE82h
CAN2: transmission request 2
0000h
CAN2ND1
EE90h
CAN2: new data 1
0000h
CAN2ND2
EE92h
CAN2: new data 2
0000h
CAN2IP1
EEA0h
CAN2: interrupt pending 1
0000h
CAN2IP2
EEA2h
CAN2: interrupt pending 2
0000h
CAN2MV1
EEB0h
CAN2: message valid 1
0000h
CAN2MV2
EEB2h
CAN2: message valid 2
0000h
CAN1CR
EF00h
CAN1: CAN control register
0001h
CAN1SR
EF02h
CAN1: status register
0000h
CAN1EC
EF04h
CAN1: error counter
0000h
CAN1BTR
EF06h
CAN1: bit timing register
2301h
CAN1IR
EF08h
CAN1: interrupt register
0000h
CAN1TR
EF0Ah
CAN1: test register
00x0h
CAN1BRPER
EF0Ch
CAN1: BRP extension register
0000h
CAN1IF1CR
EF10h
CAN1: IF1 command request
0001h
CAN1IF1CM
EF12h
CAN1: IF1 command mask
0000h
CAN1IF1M1
EF14h
CAN1: IF1 mask 1
FFFFh
CAN1IF1M2
EF16h
CAN1: IF1 mask 2
FFFFh
CAN1IF1A1
EF18h
CAN1: IF1 arbitration 1
0000h
CAN1IF1A2
EF1Ah
CAN1: IF1 arbitration 2
0000h
CAN1IF1MC
EF1Ch
CAN1: IF1 message control
0000h
CAN1IF1DA1
EF1Eh
CAN1: IF1 data A 1
0000h
CAN1IF1DA2
EF20h
CAN1: IF1 data A 2
0000h
CAN1IF1DB1
EF22h
CAN1: IF1 data B 1
0000h
CAN1IF1DB2
EF24h
CAN1: IF1 data B 2
0000h
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
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Register set
ST10F276E
Table 70.
X-registers ordered by address (continued)
Name
164/235
Physical
address
Description
Reset value
CAN1IF2CR
EF40h
CAN1: IF2 command request
0001h
CAN1IF2CM
EF42h
CAN1: IF2 command mask
0000h
CAN1IF2M1
EF44h
CAN1: IF2 mask 1
FFFFh
CAN1IF2M2
EF46h
CAN1: IF2 mask 2
FFFFh
CAN1IF2A1
EF48h
CAN1: IF2 arbitration 1
0000h
CAN1IF2A2
EF4Ah
CAN1: IF2 arbitration 2
0000h
CAN1IF2MC
EF4Ch
CAN1: IF2 message control
0000h
CAN1IF2DA1
EF4Eh
CAN1: IF2 data A 1
0000h
CAN1IF2DA2
EF50h
CAN1: IF2 data A 2
0000h
CAN1IF2DB1
EF52h
CAN1: IF2 data B 1
0000h
CAN1IF2DB2
EF54h
CAN1: IF2 data B 2
0000h
CAN1TR1
EF80h
CAN1: transmission request 1
0000h
CAN1TR2
EF82h
CAN1: transmission request 2
0000h
CAN1ND1
EF90h
CAN1: new data 1
0000h
CAN1ND2
EF92h
CAN1: new data 2
0000h
CAN1IP1
EFA0h
CAN1: interrupt pending 1
0000h
CAN1IP2
EFA2h
CAN1: interrupt pending 2
0000h
CAN1MV1
EFB0h
CAN1: message valid 1
0000h
CAN1MV2
EFB2h
CAN1: message valid 2
0000h
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
ST10F276E
22.8
Register set
Flash registers ordered by name
Table 71 lists by order of their names all Flash control registers which are implemented in
the ST10F276E. Note that as they are physically mapped on the X-Bus, these registers are
not bit-addressable.
Table 71.
Name
Flash registers ordered by name
Physical
address
Description
Reset value
FARH
0x000E 0012
Flash address register High
0000h
FARL
0x000E 0010
Flash address register Low
0000h
FCR0H
0x000E 0002
Flash control register 0 - High
0000h
FCR0L
0x000E 0000
Flash control register 0 - Low
0000h
FCR1H
0x000E 0006
Flash control register 1 - High
0000h
FCR1L
0x000E 0004
Flash control register 1 - Low
0000h
FDR0H
0x000E 000A
Flash data register 0 - High
FFFFh
FDR0L
0x000E 0008
Flash data register 0 - Low
FFFFh
FDR1H
0x000E 000E
Flash data register 1 - High
FFFFh
FDR1L
0x000E 000C
Flash data register 1 - Low
FFFFh
FER
0x000E 0014
Flash error register
0000h
FNVAPR0
0x000E DFB8
Flash nonvolatile access protection Reg. 0
ACFFh
FNVAPR1H
0x000E DFBE
Flash nonvolatile access protection Reg. 1
- High
FFFFh
FNVAPR1L
0x000E DFBC
Flash nonvolatile access protection Reg. 1
- Low
FFFFh
FNVWPIRH
0x000E DFB6
Flash nonvolatile protection I Reg. High
FFFFh
FNVWPIRL
0x000E DFB4
Flash nonvolatile protection I Reg. Low
FFFFh
FNVWPXRH
0x000E DFB2
Flash nonvolatile protection X Reg. High
FFFFh
FNVWPXRL
0x000E DFB0
Flash nonvolatile protection X Reg. Low
FFFFh
XFICR
0x000E E000
XFlash interface control register
000Fh
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
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Register set
22.9
ST10F276E
Flash registers ordered by address
Table 72 lists by order of their physical addresses all Flash control registers which are
implemented in the ST10F276E. Note that as they are physically mapped on the X-Bus,
these registers are not bit-addressable.
Table 72.
Name
166/235
Flash registers ordered by address
Physical
address
Description
Reset value
FCR0L
0x000E 0000
Flash control register 0 - Low
0000h
FCR0H
0x000E 0002
Flash control register 0 - High
0000h
FCR1L
0x000E 0004
Flash control register 1 - Low
0000h
FCR1H
0x000E 0006
Flash control register 1 - High
0000h
FDR0L
0x000E 0008
Flash data register 0 - Low
FFFFh
FDR0H
0x000E 000A
Flash data register 0 - High
FFFFh
FDR1L
0x000E 000C
Flash data register 1 - Low
FFFFh
FDR1H
0x000E 000E
Flash data register 1 - High
FFFFh
FARL
0x000E 0010
Flash address register Low
0000h
FARH
0x000E 0012
Flash address register High
0000h
FER
0x000E 0014
Flash error register
0000h
FNVWPXRL
0x000E DFB0
Flash nonvolatile protection X reg. Low
FFFFh
FNVWPXRH
0x000E DFB2
Flash nonvolatile protection X reg. High
FFFFh
FNVWPIRL
0x000E DFB4
Flash nonvolatile protection I reg. Low
FFFFh
FNVWPIRH
0x000E DFB6
Flash nonvolatile protection I reg. High
FFFFh
FNVAPR0
0x000E DFB8
Flash nonvolatile access protection reg. 0
ACFFh
FNVAPR1L
0x000E DFBC
Flash nonvolatile access protection reg. 1 Low
FFFFh
FNVAPR1H
0x000E DFBE
Flash nonvolatile access protection reg. 1 High
FFFFh
XFICR
0x000E E000
XFlash interface control register
000Fh
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
ST10F276E
22.10
Register set
Identification registers
The ST10F276E has four Identification registers, mapped in ESFR space. These registers
contain:
●
the manufacturer identifier
●
the chip identifier with revision number
●
the internal Flash and size identifier
●
the programming voltage description
IDMANUF (F07Eh / 3Fh)
15
14
13
12
ESFR
11
10
9
8
Reset value:0403h
7
6
5
MANUF
4
3
2
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
R
Table 73.
MANUF description
Bit
Function
Manufacturer identifier
020h: STMicroelectronics manufacturer (JTAG worldwide normalization)
MANUF
IDCHIP (F07Ch / 3Eh)
15
14
13
Table 74.
12
ESFR
11
10
9
8
Reset value:114xh
7
5
4
3
2
1
REVID
R
R
0
IDCHIP description
Bit
Function
IDCHIP
Device identifier
114h: ST10F276E Identifier (276)
REVID
Device revision identifier
Xh: According to revision number
IDMEM (F07Ah / 3Dh)
15
6
IDCHIP
14
13
12
ESFR
11
10
9
8
Reset value:30D0h
7
6
5
MEMTYP
MEMSIZE
R
R
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
4
3
2
1
0
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Register set
ST10F276E
Table 75.
IDMEM description
Bit
Function
MEMSIZE
Internal memory size
Internal memory size is 4 x (MEMSIZE) (in Kbyte)
0D0h for ST10F276E (832 Kbytes)
MEMTYP
Internal memory type
0h: ROM-Less
1h: (M) ROM memory
2h: (S) Standard Flash memory
3h: (H) High performance Flash memory (ST10F276E)
4h...Fh: Reserved
IDPROG (F078h / 3Ch)
15
14
Table 76.
Note:
13
ESFR
12
11
10
9
8
Reset value:0040h
7
6
5
4
3
PROGVPP
PROGVDD
R
R
2
1
0
IDPROG description
Bit
Function
PROGVDD
Programming VDD voltage
VDD voltage when programming EPROM or Flash devices is calculated using the
following formula: VDD = 20 x [PROGVDD] / 256 (volts) - 40h for ST10F276E (5V).
PROGVPP
Programming VPP voltage (no need of external VPP) - 00h
All identification words are read-only registers.
The values written inside different Identification Register bits are valid only after the Flash
initialization phase is completed. When code execution is started from internal memory (pin
EA held high during reset), the Flash has completed its initialization, so the bits of
Identification Registers are immediately ready to be read out. On the contrary, when code
execution is started from external memory (pin EA held low during reset), the Flash
initialization is not yet completed, so the bits of Identification Registers are not ready. The
user can poll bits 15 and 14 of IDMEM register: When both bits are read low, the Flash
initialization is complete, so all Identification Register bits are correct.
Before Flash initialization completion, the default setting of the different identification
registers are the following:
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IDMANUF
0403h
IDCHIP
114xh (x = silicon revision)
IDMEM
F0D0h
IDPROG
0040h
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
ST10F276E
22.11
Register set
System configuration registers
The ST10F276E has registers used for a different configuration of the overall system. These
registers are described below.
SYSCON (FF12h / 89h)
15
Note:
14
13
SFR
Reset value: 0xx0h
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
STKSZ
ROM
S1
SGT
DIS
ROM
EN
BYT
DIS
CLK
EN
WR
CFG
CS
CFG
PWD
CFG
OWD
DIS
BDR
STEN
XPEN
VISI
BLE
XPERSHARE
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
SYSCON Reset Value is: 0000 0xx0 0x00 0000b
Table 77.
SYSCON description
Bit
XPER-SHARE
VISIBLE
XPEN
Function
XBUS peripheral share mode control
0: External accesses to XBUS peripherals are disabled.
1: XRAM1 and XRAM2 are accessible via the external bus during hold mode.
External accesses to the other XBUS peripherals are not guaranteed in terms of
AC timings.
Visible mode control
0: Accesses to XBUS peripherals are done internally.
1: XBUS peripheral accesses are made visible on the external pins.
XBUS peripheral enable bit
0: Accesses to the on-chip X-peripherals and XRAM are disabled.
1: The on-chip X-peripherals are enabled.
BDRSTEN
Bidirectional reset enable
0: RSTIN pin is an input pin only. SW Reset or WDT Reset have no effect on this
pin.
1: RSTIN pin is a bidirectional pin. This pin is pulled low during internal reset
sequence.
OWDDIS
Oscillator watchdog disable control
0: Oscillator Watchdog (OWD) is enabled. If PLL is bypassed, the OWD monitors
XTAL1 activity. If there is no activity on XTAL1 for at least 1 μs, the CPU clock is
switched automatically to PLL’s base frequency (from 750 kHz to 3 MHz).
1: OWD is disabled. If the PLL is bypassed, the CPU clock is always driven by
XTAL1 signal. The PLL is turned off to reduce power supply current.
PWDCFG
Power down mode configuration control
0: Power Down Mode can only be entered during PWRDN instruction execution if
NMI pin is low, otherwise the instruction has no effect. To exit Power Down Mode,
an external reset must occur by asserting the RSTIN pin.
1: Power Down Mode can only be entered during PWRDN instruction execution if
all enabled fast external interrupt EXxIN pins are in their inactive level. Exiting this
mode can be done by asserting one enabled EXxIN pin or with external reset.
CSCFG
Chip select configuration control
0: Latched Chip Select lines, CSx changes 1 TCL after rising edge of ALE.
1: Unlatched Chip Select lines, CSx changes with rising edge of ALE.
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Register set
ST10F276E
Table 77.
SYSCON description (continued)
Bit
Function
WRCFG
Write configuration control (inverted copy of WRC bit of RP0H)
0: Pins WR and BHE retain their normal function.
1: Pin WR acts as WRL, pin BHE acts as WRH.
CLKEN
System clock output enable (CLKOUT)
0: CLKOUT disabled, pin may be used for general purpose I/O.
1: CLKOUT enabled, pin outputs the system clock signal or a prescaled value of
system clock according to XCLKOUTDIV register setting.
BYTDIS
Disable/enable control for pin BHE (set according to data bus width)
0: Pin BHE enabled.
1: Pin BHE disabled, pin may be used for general purpose I/O.
ROMEN
Internal memory enable (set according to pin EA during reset)
0: Internal memory disabled: Accesses to the IFlash Memory area use the
external bus.
1: Internal memory enabled.
SGTDIS
Segmentation disable/enable control
0: Segmentation enabled (CSP is saved/restored during interrupt entry/exit).
1: Segmentation disabled (Only IP is saved/restored).
ROMS1
Internal memory mapping
0: Internal memory area mapped to segment 0 (00’0000h...00’7FFFh).
1: Internal memory area mapped to segment 1 (01’0000h...01’7FFFh).
STKSZ
System stack size
Selects the size of the system stack (in the internal I-RAM) from 32 to 1024 words.
BUSCON0 (FF0Ch / 86h)
15
14
13
SFR
12
CSWEN0 CSREN0 RDYPOL0 RDYEN0
RW
RW
11
-
RW
10
9
BUSACT0 ALECTL0
RW
RW
10
9
BUSCON1 (FF14h / 8Ah)
15
14
13
RW
RW
11
-
RW
14
13
RW
RW
RW
11
10
9
-
RW
14
13
RW
RW
170/235
RW
RW
11
10
9
RW
6
BTYP
-
5
RW
RW
RW
-
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
-
1
0
RW
4
3
2
1
0
MCTC
RW
RW
Reset value: 0000h
7
6
BTYP
5
4
3
MTTC2 RWDC2
RW
BUSACT3 ALECTL3
2
MCTC
RW
MTTC1 RWDC1
RW
8
3
Reset value: 0000h
7
-
8
4
MTTC0 RWDC0
RW
SFR
12
CSWEN3 CSREN3 RDYPOL3 RDYEN3
RW
8
BUSACT2 ALECTL2
BUSCON3 (FF18h / 8Ch)
15
BTYP
5
SFR
12
CSWEN2 CSREN2 RDYPOL2 RDYEN2
RW
-
6
RW
BUSACT1 ALECTL1
BUSCON2 (FF16h / 8Bh)
15
Reset value: 0xx0h
7
SFR
12
CSWEN1 CSREN1 RDYPOL1 RDYEN1
RW
8
2
1
0
MCTC
RW
RW
Reset value: 0000h
7
6
BTYP
RW
5
4
MTTC3 RWDC3
RW
RW
3
2
1
MCTC
RW
0
ST10F276E
Register set
BUSCON4 (FF1Ah / 8Dh)
15
14
13
SFR
12
CSWEN4 CSREN4 RDYPOL4 RDYEN4
RW
RW
Table 78.
RW
11
-
10
9
BUSACT4 ALECTL4
RW
Reset value: 0000h
7
-
RW
6
BTYP
RW
5
4
3
MTTC4 RWDC4
RW
1
RW
Function
Memory cycle time control (number of memory cycle time wait-states)
0000: 15 wait-states (Number of wait-states = 15 - [MCTC]).
...
1111: No wait-states.
Read/Write delay control for BUSCONx
0: With read/write delay, the CPU inserts 1 TCL after falling edge of ALE.
1: No read/write delay, RW is activated after falling edge of ALE.
MTTCx
Memory tristate time control
0: 1 wait-state.
1: No wait-state.
External bus configuration
00: 8-bit Demultiplexed Bus
01: 8-bit Multiplexed Bus
10: 16-bit Demultiplexed Bus
11: 16-bit Multiplexed Bus
Note: For BUSCON0 BTYP is defined via PORT0 during reset.
ALECTLx
ALE lengthening control
0: Normal ALE signal.
1: Lengthened ALE signal.
BUSACTx
Bus active control
0: External bus disabled.
1: External bus enabled (within the respective address window, see ADDRSEL).
RDYENx
0
MCTC
RW
RWDCx
BTYP
2
BUSCON4 description
Bit
MCTC
8
Ready input enable
0: External bus cycle is controlled by bit field MCTC only.
1: External bus cycle is controlled by the READY input signal.
RDYPOLx
Ready active level control
0: Active level on the READY pin is low, bus cycle terminates with a ‘0’ on READY
pin.
1: Active level on the READY pin is high, bus cycle terminates with a ‘1’ on READY
pin.
CSRENx
Read chip select enable
0: The CS signal is independent of the read command (RD).
1: The CS signal is generated for the duration of the read command.
CSWENx
Write chip select enable
0: The CS signal is independent of the write command (WR, WRL, WRH).
1: The CS signal is generated for the duration of the write command.
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Register set
Note:
ST10F276E
1
BTYP (bit 6 and 7) is set according to the configuration of the bit l6 and l7 of PORT0 latched
at the end of the reset sequence.
2
BUSCON0 is initialized with 0000h, if EA pin is high during reset. If EA pin is low during
reset, bit BUSACT0 and ALECTRL0 are set (‘1’) and bit field BTYP is loaded with the bus
configuration selected via PORT0.
RP0H (F108h / 84h)
15
14
13
ESFR
12
11
10
9
8
Reset value: --XXh
7
-
Table 79.
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
CLKSEL
SALSEL
CSSEL
WRC
R
R
R
R
RPOH description(1)
Bit
Function
Write configuration control
0: Pin WR acts as WRL, pin BHE acts as WRH
1: Pins WR and BHE retain their normal function
WRC(2)
CSSEL(2)
Chip select line selection (number of active CS outputs)
00: 3 CS lines: CS2...CS0
01: 2 CS lines: CS1...CS0
10: No CS line at all
11: 5 CS lines: CS4...CS0 (Default without pull-downs)
SALSEL(2)
Segment address line selection (number of active segment address outputs)
00: 4-bit segment address: A19...A16
01: No segment address lines at all
10: 8-bit segment address: A23...A16
11: 2-bit segment address: A17...A16 (Default without pull-downs)
CLKSEL(2)(3)
System clock selection
000: fCPU = 16 x fOSC
001: fCPU = 0.5 x fOSC
010: fCPU = 10 x fOSC
011: fCPU = fOSC
100: fCPU = 5 x fOSC
101: fCPU = 8 x fOSC
110: fCPU = 3 x fOSC
111: fCPU = 4 x fOSC
1. RP0H is a read-only register.
2. These bits are set according to Port 0 configuration during any reset sequence.
3. RP0H.7 to RP0H.5 bits are loaded only during a long hardware reset. As pull-up resistors are active on
each Port P0H pins during reset, RP0H default value is “FFh”.
EXICON (F1C0h / E0h)
15
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14
13
12
ESFR
11
10
9
8
Reset value: 0000h
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
EXI7ES
EXI6ES
EXI5ES
EXI4ES
EXI3ES
EXI2ES
EXI1ES
EXI0ES
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
ST10F276E
Register set
Table 80.
EXIxES bit description
Bit
Function
EXIxES
(x=7...0)
00 = Fast external interrupts disabled: Standard mode.
EXxIN pin not taken in account for entering/exiting Power Down mode.
01 = Interrupt on positive edge (rising).
Enter Power Down mode if EXiIN = ‘0’, exit if EXxIN = ‘1’ (referred as "high" active
level)
10 = Interrupt on negative edge (falling).
Enter Power Down mode if EXiIN = ‘1’, exit if EXxIN = ‘0’ (referred as “low” active
level)
11 = Interrupt on any edge (rising or falling).
Always enter Power Down mode, exit if EXxIN level changed.
EXISEL (F1DAh / EDh)
15
14
13
12
ESFR
11
10
9
8
Reset value: 0000h
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
EXI7SS
EXI6SS
EXI5SS
EXI4SS
EXI3SS
EXI2SS
EXI1SS
EXI0SS
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
Table 81.
EXISEL
Bit
Function
External Interrupt x Source Selection (x = 7...0)
00 = Input from associated Port 2 pin.
01 = Input from “alternate source”.
10 = Input from Port 2 pin ORed with “alternate source”.
EXIxSS
11 = Input from Port 2 pin ANDed with “alternate source”.
Table 82.
EXIxSS and port 2 pin configurations
EXIxSS
Port 2 pin
Alternate source
0
P2.8
CAN1_RxD
1
P2.9
CAN2_RxD / SCL
2
P2.10
RTCSI (Second)
3
P2.11
RTCAI (Alarm)
4...7
P2.12...15
Not used (zero)
XP3IC (F19Eh / CFh)
ESFR
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Reset value: --00h
7
XP3IR XP3IE
RW
Note:
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
XP3ILVL
GLVL
RW
RW
RW
1. XP3IC register has the same bit field as xxIC interrupt registers
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
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Register set
ST10F276E
xxIC (yyyyh / zzh)
SFR area
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Table 83.
Reset value: --00h
7
5
4
3
2
1
ILVL
GLVL
RW
RW
RW
RW
SFR area description
Function
GLVL
Group level
Defines the internal order for simultaneous requests of the same priority.
3: Highest group priority
0: Lowest group priority
ILVL
Interrupt priority level
Defines the priority level for the arbitration of requests.
Fh: Highest priority level
0h: Lowest priority level
xxIE
Interrupt enable control bit (individually enables/disables a specific source)
0: Interrupt request is disabled
1: Interrupt request is enabled
xxIR
Interrupt request flag
0: No request pending
1: This source has raised an interrupt request
XPERCON (F024h / 12h)
ESFR
15
14
13
12
11
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Table 84.
0
xxIR xxIE
Bit
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6
10
9
XMISC XI2C
EN
EN
RW
RW
8
Reset value:- 005h
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
XSSC XASC XPWM XFLAS XRTC XRAM2 XRAM1 CAN2 CAN1
EN
EN
EN
HEN
EN
EN
EN
EN
EN
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
ESFR description
Bit
Function
CAN1EN
CAN1 enable bit
0: Accesses to the on-chip CAN1 XPeripheral and its functions are disabled (P4.5
and P4.6 pins can be used as general purpose I/Os, but address range 00’EC00h00’EFFFh is directed to external memory only if CAN2EN, XRTCEN, XASCEN,
XSSCEN, XI2CEN, XPWMEN an XMISCEN are ‘0’ also).
1: The on-chip CAN1 XPeripheral is enabled and can be accessed.
CAN2EN
CAN2 enable bit
0: Accesses to the on-chip CAN2 XPeripheral and its functions are disabled (P4.4
and P4.7 pins can be used as general purpose I/Os, but address range 00’EC00h00’EFFFh is directed to external memory only if CAN1EN, XRTCEN, XASCEN,
XSSCEN, XI2CEN, XPWMEN and XMISCEN are ‘0’ also).
1: The on-chip CAN2 XPeripheral is enabled and can be accessed.
XRAM1EN
XRAM1 enable bit
0: Accesses to the on-chip 2 Kbyte XRAM are disabled. Address range 00’E000h00’E7FFh is directed to external memory.
1: The on-chip 2 Kbyte XRAM is enabled and can be accessed.
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
ST10F276E
Register set
Table 84.
ESFR description (continued)
Bit
XRAM2EN
Function
XRAM2 enable bit
0: Accesses to the on-chip 64 Kbyte XRAM are disabled, external access
performed. Address range 0F’0000h-0F’FFFFh is directed to external memory
only if XFLASHEN is ‘0’ also.
1: The on-chip 64 Kbyte XRAM is enabled and can be accessed.
XRTCEN
RTC enable
0: Accesses to the on-chip RTC module are disabled, external access performed.
Address range 00’ED00h-00’EDFF is directed to external memory only if
CAN1EN, CAN2EN, XASCEN, XSSCEN, XI2CEN, XPWMEN and XMISCEN are
‘0’ also.
1: The on-chip RTC module is enabled and can be accessed.
XPWMEN
XPWM enable
0: Accesses to the on-chip XPWM module are disabled, external access
performed. Address range 00’EC00h-00’ECFF is directed to external memory only
if CAN1EN, CAN2EN, XASCEN, XSSCEN, XI2CEN, XRTCEN and XMISCEN are
‘0’ also.
1: The on-chip XPWM module is enabled and can be accessed.
XFLASHEN
XFlash enable bit
0: Accesses to the on-chip XFlash and Flash registers are disabled, external
access performed. Address range 09’0000h-0E’FFFFh is directed to external
memory only if XRAM2EN is ‘0’ also.
1: The on-chip XFlash is enabled and can be accessed.
XASCEN
XASC enable bit
0: Accesses to the on-chip XASC are disabled, external access performed.
Address range 00’E900h-00’E9FFh is directed to external memory only if
CAN1EN, CAN2EN, XRTCEN, XASCEN, XI2CEN, XPWMEN and XMISCEN are
‘0’ also.
1: The on-chip XASC is enabled and can be accessed.
XSSCEN
XSSC enable bit
0: Accesses to the on-chip XSSC are disabled, external access performed.
Address range 00’E800h-00’E8FFh is directed to external memory only if
CAN1EN, CAN2EN, XRTCEN, XASCEN, XI2CEN, XPWMEN and XMISCEN are
‘0’ also.
1: The on-chip XSSC is enabled and can be accessed.
XI2CEN
I2C enable bit
0: Accesses to the on-chip I2C are disabled, external access performed. Address
range 00’EA00h-00’EAFFh is directed to external memory only if CAN1EN,
CAN2EN, XRTCEN, XASCEN, XSSCEN, XPWMEN and XMISCEN are ‘0’ also.
1: The on-chip I2C is enabled and can be accessed.
XMISCEN
XBUS additional features enable bit
0: Accesses to the Additional Miscellaneous Features is disabled. Address range
00’EB00h-00’EBFFh is directed to external memory only if CAN1EN, CAN2EN,
XRTCEN, XASCEN, XSSCEN, XPWMEN and XI2CEN are ‘0’ also.
1: The Additional Features are enabled and can be accessed.
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Register set
ST10F276E
When CAN1, CAN2, RTC, XASC, XSSC, I2C, XPWM and the XBUS Additional Features are
all disabled via XPERCON setting, then any access in the address range 00’E800h 00’EFFFh is directed to external memory interface, using the BUSCONx register
corresponding to the address matching ADDRSELx register. All pins used for X-Peripherals
can be used as General Purpose I/O whenever the related module is not enabled.
The default XPER selection after Reset is such that CAN1 is enabled, CAN2 is disabled,
XRAM1 (2 Kbyte XRAM) is enabled and XRAM2 (64 Kbyte XRAM) is disabled; all the other
X-Peripherals are disabled after Reset.
Register XPERCON cannot be changed after the global enabling of X-Peripherals, that is,
after setting of bit XPEN in SYSCON register.
In Emulation mode, all the X-Peripherals are enabled (XPERCON bits are all set). The
bondout chip determines whether or not to redirect an access to external memory or to
XBUS.
Reserved bits of XPERCON register are always written to ‘0’.
Table 85 below summarizes the Segment 8 mapping that depends upon the EA pin status
during reset as well as the SYSCON (bit XPEN) and XPERCON (bits XRAM2EN and
XFLASHEN) registers user programmed values.
Table 85.
.
Segment 8 address range mapping
EA
XPEN
XRAM2EN
XFLASHEN
Segment 8
0
0
x
x
External memory
0
1
0
0
External memory
0
1
1
x
Reserved
0
1
x
1
Reserved
1
x
x
x
IFlash (B1F1)
Note:
The symbol “x” in the table above stands for “do not care”.
22.12
XPERCON and XPEREMU registers
As already mentioned, the XPERCON register must be programmed to enable the single
XBUS modules separately. The XPERCON is a read/write ESFR register; the XPEREMU
register is a write-only register mapped on XBUS memory space (address EB7Eh).
Once the XPEN bit of SYSCON register is set and at least one of the X-peripherals (except
memories) is activated, the register XPEREMU must be written with the same content of
XPERCON: This is mandatory in order to allow a correct emulation of the new set of
features introduced on XBUS for the new ST10 generation. The following instructions must
be added inside the initialization routine:
if (SYSCON.XPEN && (XPERCON & 0x07D3))
then { XPEREMU = XPERCON }
Of course, XPEREMU must be programmed after XPERCON and after SYSCON; in this
way the final configuration for X-Peripherals is stored in XPEREMU and used for the
emulation hardware setup.
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Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
ST10F276E
Register set
XPEREMU (EB7Eh)
XBUS
15
14
13
12
11
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
10
9
XMISC XI2C
EN
EN
RW
RW
8
Reset value xxxxh:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
XSSC XASC XPWM XFLAS XRTC XRAM2 XRAM1 CAN2 CAN1
EN
EN
EN
HEN
EN
EN
EN
EN
EN
RW
RW
RW
Note:
The bit meaning is exactly the same as in XPERCON.
22.13
Emulation dedicated registers
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
Four additional registers are implemented for emulation purposes only. Similarly to
XPEREMU, they are write-only registers.
XEMU0 (EB76h)
15
14
13
XBUS
12
11
10
9
8
Reset value: xxxxh
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
XEMU0(15:0)
W
XEMU1 (EB78h)
15
14
13
XBUS
12
11
10
9
8
Reset value: xxxxh
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
XEMU1(15:0)
W
XEMU2 (EB7Ah)
15
14
13
XBUS
12
11
10
9
8
Reset value: xxxxh:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
XEMU2(15:0)
W
XEMU3 (EB7Ch)
15
14
13
XBUS
12
11
10
9
8
Reset value: xxxxh
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
XEMU3(15:0)
W
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Electrical characteristics
ST10F276E
23
Electrical characteristics
23.1
Absolute maximum ratings
Table 86.
Absolute maximum ratings
Symbol
Note:
Parameter
Value
VDD
Voltage on VDD pins with respect to ground (VSS)
VSTBY
Voltage on VSTBY pin with respect to ground (VSS)
VAREF
Voltage on VAREF pin with respect to ground (VSS)
- 0.3 to VDD + 0.3
VAGND
Voltage on VAGND pin with respect to ground (VSS)
VSS
Unit
- 0.3 to +6.5
VIO
Voltage on any pin with respect to ground (VSS)
IOV
Input current on any pin during overload condition
± 10
ITOV
Absolute sum of all input currents during overload condition
| 75 |
TST
Storage temperature
ESD
ESD susceptibility (human body model)
V
- 0.5 to VDD + 0.5
mA
- 65 to +150
°C
2000
V
Stresses above those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent
damage to the device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at
these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational sections of this
specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended
periods may affect device reliability. During overload conditions (VIN > VDD or VIN < VSS) the
voltage on pins with respect to ground (VSS) must not exceed the values defined by the
Absolute Maximum Ratings.
During Power-on and Power-off transients (including Stand-by entering/exiting phases), the
relationships between voltages applied to the device and the main VDD must always be
respected. In particular, power-on and power-off of VAREF must be coherent with the VDD
transient, in order to avoid undesired current injection through the on-chip protection diodes.
23.2
Recommended operating conditions
Table 87.
Symbol
VDD
178/235
Recommended operating conditions
Parameter
Min.
Max.
4.5
5.5
Unit
Operating supply voltage
VSTBY
Operating stand-by supply voltage(1)
VAREF
Operating analog reference voltage(2)
TA
Ambient temperature under bias
TJ
Junction temperature under bias
V
0
VDD
+125
-40
Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
°C
+150
ST10F276E
Electrical characteristics
1. The value of the VSTBY voltage is specified in the range 4.5 - 5.5 volts. Nevertheless, it is acceptable to
exceed the upper limit (up to 6.0 volts) for a maximum of 100 hours over the global 300000 hours,
representing the lifetime of the device (about 30 years). On the other hand, it is possible to exceed the
lower limit (down to 4.0 volts) whenever RTC and 32 kHz on-chip oscillator amplifier are turned off (only
Stand-by RAM powered through VSTBY pin in Stand-by mode). When VSTBY voltage is lower than main
VDD, the input section of VSTBY/EA pin can generate a spurious static consumption on VDD power supply
(in the range of tenth of µA).
2. For details on operating conditions concerning the usage of A/D converter, refer to Section 23.7.
23.3
Power considerations
The average chip-junction temperature, TJ, in degrees Celsius, is calculated using the
following equation:
TJ = TA + (PD x ΘJA) 1)
Where:
TA is the Ambient Temperature in °C,
ΘJA is the Package Junction-to-Ambient Thermal Resistance, in °C/W,
PD is the sum of PINT and PI/O (PD = PINT + PI/O),
PINT is the product of IDD and VDD, expressed in Watt. This is the Chip Internal Power,
PI/O represents the Power Dissipation on Input and Output Pins; user determined.
Most often in applications, PI/O < PINT, which may be ignored. On the other hand, PI/O may
be significant if the device is configured to continuously drive external modules and/or
memories.
An approximate relationship between PD and TJ (if PI/O is neglected) is given by:
PD = K / (TJ + 273°C) (2)
Therefore (solving equations 1 and 2):
K = PD x (TA + 273°C) + ΘJA x PD2 (3)
Where:
K is a constant for the particular part, which may be determined from equation (3) by
measuring PD (at equilibrium) for a known TA. Using this value of K, the values of PD and TJ
are obtained by solving equations (1) and (2) iteratively for any value of TA.
Table 88.
Symbol
ΘJA
Thermal characteristics
Description
Thermal resistance junction-ambient
PQFP 144 - 28 x 28 x 3.4 mm / 0.65 mm pitch
LQFP 144 - 20 x 20 x 1.40 mm
Value (typical)
Unit
30
35
°C/W
Based on thermal characteristics of the package and with reference to the power
consumption figures provided in the next tables and diagrams, the following product
classification can be proposed. In any case, the exact power consumption of the device
inside the application must be computed according to different working conditions, thermal
profiles, real thermal resistance of the system (including printed circuit board or other
substrata) and I/O activity.
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Electrical characteristics
Table 89.
ST10F276E
Package characteristics
Package
Packing
Die
Tape and reel
Operating temperature
Tray
CPU frequency range
1 - 64 MHz
- 40 / +125°C
PQFP 144
Tape and reel
Tray
1 - 40 MHz
LQFP 144
Tape and reel
23.4
-40 / +105°C
1 - 48 MHz
Parameter interpretation
The parameters listed in the following tables represent the characteristics of the ST10F276E
and its demands on the system.
Where the ST10F276E logic provides signals with their respective timing characteristics, the
symbol “CC” (Controller Characteristics) is included in the “Symbol” column. Where the
external system must provide signals with their respective timing characteristics to the
ST10F276E, the symbol “SR” (System Requirement) is included in the “Symbol” column.
23.5
DC characteristics
VDD = 5V ± 10%, VSS = 0V, TA = -40 to +125°C
Table 90.
DC characteristics
Limit values
Symbol
Parameter
Test condition
Unit
Min.
Max.
VIL
SR
Input low voltage (TTL mode)
(except RSTIN, EA, NMI, RPD, XTAL1,
READY)
-
- 0.3
0.8
V
VILS
SR
Input low voltage (CMOS mode)
(except RSTIN, EA, NMI, RPD, XTAL1,
READY)
-
- 0.3
0.3 VDD
V
VIL1
SR
Input low voltage RSTIN, EA, NMI, RPD
-
- 0.3
0.3 VDD
V
VIL2
SR
Input low voltage XTAL1 (CMOS only)
Direct drive mode
- 0.3
0.3 VDD
V
VIL3
SR
Input low voltage READY (TTL only)
-
- 0.3
0.8
V
VIH
SR
Input high voltage (TTL mode)
(except RSTIN, EA, NMI, RPD, XTAL1)
-
2.0
VDD + 0.3
V
VIHS
SR
Input high voltage (CMOS mode) (except
RSTIN, EA, NMI, RPD, XTAL1)
-
0.7 VDD
VDD + 0.3
V
VIH1
SR
Input high voltage RSTIN, EA, NMI, RPD
-
0.7 VDD
VDD + 0.3
V
VIH2
SR
Input high voltage XTAL1 (CMOS only)
Direct Drive mode
0.7 VDD
VDD + 0.3
VIH3
SR
Input high voltage READY (TTL only)
-
2.0
VDD + 0.3
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V
ST10F276E
Table 90.
Electrical characteristics
DC characteristics (continued)
Limit values
Symbol
Parameter
Test condition
Unit
Min.
Max.
VHYS CC
Input hysteresis (TTL mode)
(except RSTIN, EA, NMI, XTAL1, RPD)
3)
400
700
mV
VHYSSCC
Input Hysteresis (CMOS mode)
(except RSTIN, EA, NMI, XTAL1, RPD)
3)
750
1400
mV
VHYS1CC Input hysteresis RSTIN, EA, NMI
3)
750
1400
mV
VHYS2CC Input hysteresis XTAL1
3)
0
50
mV
VHYS3CC Input hysteresis READY (TTL only)
3)
400
700
mV
VHYS4CC Input hysteresis RPD
3)
500
1500
mV
VOL
Output low voltage
CC (P6[7:0], ALE, RD, WR/WRL, BHE/WRH,
CLKOUT, RSTIN, RSTOUT)
IOL = 8 mA
IOL = 1 mA
-
0.4
0.05
V
VOL1
Output low voltage
CC (P0[15:0], P1[15:0], P2[15:0], P3[15,13:0],
P4[7:0], P7[7:0], P8[7:0])
IOL1 = 4 mA
IOL1 = 0.5 mA
-
0.4
0.05
V
VOL2
CC Output low voltage RPD
IOL2 = 85 µA
IOL2 = 80 µA
IOL2 = 60 µA
-
VDD
0.5 VDD
0.3 VDD
V
VOH
Output high voltage
CC (P6[7:0], ALE, RD, WR/WRL, BHE/WRH,
CLKOUT, RSTOUT)
IOH = - 8 mA
IOH = - 1 mA
VDD - 0.8
VDD - 0.08
-
V
Output high voltage(1)
VOH1 CC (P0[15:0], P1[15:0], P2[15:0], P3[15,13:0],
P4[7:0], P7[7:0], P8[7:0])
IOH1 = - 4 mA
IOH1 = - 0.5 mA
VDD - 0.8
VDD - 0.08
-
V
VOH2 CC Output high voltage RPD
IOH2 = - 2 mA
IOH2 = - 750 µA
IOH2 = - 150 µA
0
0.3 VDD
0.5 VDD
-
V
|IOZ1 | CC
Input leakage current (P5[15:0])(2)
-
-
±0.2
µA
|IOZ2 | CC
Input leakage current
(all except P5[15:0], P2.0, RPD)
-
-
±0.5
µA
|IOZ3 | CC
Input leakage current (P2.0)(3)
-
-
+1.0
-0.5
µA
|IOZ4 | CC
Input leakage current (RPD)
-
-
±3.0
µA
|IOV1 | SR
Overload current (all except P2.0)
(4) (5)
-
±5
mA
|IOV2 | SR
Overload current (P2.0)(3)
(4)(5)
-
+5
-1
mA
50
250
kΩ
VOUT = 2.4 V
-
-40
µA
RRST CC RSTIN pull-up resistor
IRWH
Read/Write inactive
100 kΩ nominal
current(6)(7)
(6)(8)
IRWL
Read/Write active current
VOUT = 0.4V
-500
-
µA
IALEL
ALE inactive current(6)(7)
VOUT = 0.4V
20
-
µA
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Electrical characteristics
Table 90.
ST10F276E
DC characteristics (continued)
Limit values
Symbol
Parameter
Test condition
Unit
Min.
Max.
IALEH
ALE active current(6)(8)
VOUT = 2.4 V
-
300
µA
IP6H
Port 6 inactive current
(P6[4:0])(6)(7)
VOUT = 2.4 V
-
-40
µA
IP6L
Port 6 active current (P6[4:0])(6)(8)
VOUT = 0.4V
-500
-
µA
VIN = 2.0V
-
-10
µA
VIN = 0.8V
-100
-
µA
-
10
pF
IP0H(6)
PORT0 configuration current(6)
IP0L(7)
CIO
CC Pin capacitance (digital inputs / outputs)
(4)(6)
current(9)
ICC1
Run mode power supply
(execution from internal RAM)
-
-
20 + 2 fCPU
mA
ICC2
Run mode power supply current(4)(10)
(execution from internal Flash)
-
-
20 + 1.8 fCPU
mA
IID
Idle mode supply current (11)
-
-
20 + 0.6 fCPU mA
(12)
IPD1
Power Down supply current
(RTC off, oscillators off, main voltage
regulator off)
TA = 25°C
-
1
mA
IPD2
Power Down supply current (12)
(RTC on, main oscillator on, main voltage
regulator off)
TA = 25°C
-
8
mA
IPD3
Power down supply current (12)
(RTC on, 32 kHz oscillator on, main voltage
regulator off)
TA = 25°C
-
1.1
mA
VSTBY = 5.5V
TA = TJ = 25°C
-
250
µA
-
500
µA
-
250
µA
-
500
µA
-
2.5
mA
(12)
ISB1
ISB2
ISB3
Stand-by supply current
(RTC off, Oscillators off, VDD off, VSTBY on) V
STBY = 5.5V
TA = TJ = 125°C
VSTBY = 5.5V
Stand-by supply current (12)
TA = 25°C
(RTC on, 32 kHz Oscillator on, main VDD off,
VSTBY = 5.5V
VSTBY on)
TA = 125°C
Stand-by supply current (4) (12)
(VDD transient condition)
-
1. This specification is not valid for outputs which are switched to open drain mode. In this case the respective output floats
and the voltage is imposed by the external circuitry.
2. Port 5 leakage values are granted for not selected A/D converter channel. One channels is always selected (by default,
after reset, P5.0 is selected). For the selected channel the leakage value is similar to that of other port pins.
3. The leakage of P2.0 is higher than other pins due to the additional logic (pass gates active only in specific test modes)
implemented on input path. Pay attention to not stress P2.0 input pin with negative overload beyond the specified limits:
Failures in Flash reading may occur (sense amplifier perturbation). Refer to Figure 44 for a scheme of the input circuitry.
4. Not 100% tested, guaranteed by design characterization.
5. Overload conditions occur if the standard operating conditions are exceeded, that is, the voltage on any pin exceeds the
specified range (that is, VOV > VDD + 0.3V or VOV < -0.3V). The absolute sum of input overload currents on all port pins may
not exceed 50mA. The supply voltage must remain within the specified limits.
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ST10F276E
Electrical characteristics
6. This specification is only valid during Reset, or during Hold- or Adapt-mode. Port 6 pins are only affected if they are used
for CS output and the open drain function is not enabled.
7. The maximum current may be drawn while the respective signal line remains inactive.
8. The minimum current must be drawn in order to drive the respective signal line active.
9. The power supply current is a function of the operating frequency (fCPU is expressed in MHz). This dependency is
illustrated in Figure 45 below. This parameter is tested at VDDmax and at maximum CPU clock frequency with all outputs
disconnected and all inputs at VIL or VIH, RSTIN pin at VIH1min: This implies I/O current is not considered. The device is
doing the following:
- Fetching code from IRAM and XRAM1, accessing in read and write to both XRAM modules
- Watchdog Timer is enabled and regularly serviced
- RTC is running with main oscillator clock as reference, generating a tick interrupts every 192 clock cycles
- Four channels of XPWM are running (waves period: 2, 2.5, 3 and 4 CPU clock cycles): No output toggling
- Five General Purpose Timers are running in timer mode with prescaler equal to 8 (T2, T3, T4, T5, T6)
- ADC is in Auto Scan Continuous Conversion mode on all 16 channels of Port5
- All interrupts generated by XPWM, RTC, Timers and ADC are not serviced
10. The power supply current is a function of the operating frequency (fCPU is expressed in MHz). This dependency is
illustrated in Figure 45 below. This parameter is tested at VDDmax and at maximum CPU clock frequency with all outputs
disconnected and all inputs at VIL or VIH, RSTIN pin at VIH1min: This implies I/O current is not considered. The device is
doing the following:
- Fetching code from all sectors of both IFlash and XFlash, accessing in read (few fetches) and write to XRAM
- Watchdog Timer is enabled and regularly serviced
- RTC is running with main oscillator clock as reference, generating a tick interrupts every 192 clock cycles
- Four channels of XPWM are running (waves period: 2, 2.5, 3 and 4 CPU clock cycles): No output toggling
- Five General Purpose Timers are running in timer mode with prescaler equal to 8 (T2, T3, T4, T5, T6)
- ADC is in Auto Scan Continuous Conversion mode on all 16 channels of Port5
- All interrupts generated by XPWM, RTC, Timers and ADC are not serviced
11. The Idle mode supply current is a function of the operating frequency (fCPU is expressed in MHz). This dependency is
illustrated in Figure 44 below. These parameters are tested and at maximum CPU clock with all outputs disconnected and
all inputs at VIL or VIH, RSTIN pin at VIH1min.
12. This parameter is tested including leakage currents. All inputs (including pins configured as inputs) at 0 to 0.1V or at VDD 0.1V to VDD, VAREF = 0V, all outputs (including pins configured as outputs) disconnected. Furthermore, the Main Voltage
Regulator is assumed off: In case it is not, additional 1mA shall be assumed.
Figure 44. Port2 test mode structure
/UTPUT
BUFFER
0
##)/
#LOCK
!LTERNATEDATAINPUT
)NPUT
LATCH
&ASTEXTERNALINTERRUPTINPUT
4ESTMODE
&LASHSENSEAMPLIFIER
ANDCOLUMNDECODER
'!0'2)
1 For Port2 complete structure refer also to Figure 44.
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Electrical characteristics
ST10F276E
Figure 45. Supply current versus the operating frequency (RUN and IDLE modes)
)##
)##
);M!=
))$
F#05;-(Z=
'!0'2)
23.6
Flash characteristics
VDD = 5V ± 10%, VSS = 0V
Table 91.
Flash characteristics
Parameter
Maximum
TA = 125°C
Typical
TA = 25°C
0
cycles(1)
0
cycles(1)
Unit
Notes
100k cycles
Word program (32-bit)(2)
35
80
290
µs
-
Double word program (64-bit)(2)
60
150
570
µs
-
Bank 0 program (384 Kbyte)
(double word program)
2.9
7.4
28.0
s
-
Bank 1 program (128 Kbyte)
(double word program)
1.0
2.5
9.3
s
-
Bank 2 program (192 Kbyte)
(double word program)
1.5
3.7
14.0
s
-
Bank 3 program (128 Kbyte)
(double word program)
1.0
2.5
9.3
s
-
Sector erase (8 Kbyte)
0.6
0.5
0.9
0.8
1.0
0.9
s
not preprogrammed
preprogrammed
Sector erase (32 Kbyte)
1.1
0.8
2.0
1.8
2.7
2.5
s
not preprogrammed
preprogrammed
Sector erase (64 Kbyte)
1.7
1.3
3.7
3.3
5.1
4.7
s
not preprogrammed
preprogrammed
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ST10F276E
Table 91.
Electrical characteristics
Flash characteristics (continued)
Maximum
TA = 125°C
Typical
TA = 25°C
Parameter
0
cycles(1)
(1)
0 cycles
Unit
Notes
100k cycles
Bank 0 erase (384 Kbyte)(3)
8.2
5.8
20.2
17.7
28.6
26.1
s
not preprogrammed
preprogrammed
Bank 1 erase (128 Kbyte)(3)
3.0
2.2
7.0
6.2
9.8
9.0
s
not preprogrammed
preprogrammed
Bank 2 erase (192 Kbyte)(3)
4.3
3.1
10.3
9.1
14.5
13.3
s
not preprogrammed
preprogrammed
Bank 3 erase (128 Kbyte)(3)
3.0
2.2
7.0
6.2
9.8
9.0
s
not preprogrammed
preprogrammed
I-Module erase (512 Kbyte)(4)
11.2
7.6
27.2
23.5
38.4
34.7
s
not preprogrammed
preprogrammed
X-Module erase (320 Kbyte)(4)
7.3
4.9
17.3
14.8
24.3
21.8
s
not preprogrammed
preprogrammed
Chip erase (832 Kbyte)(5)
18.5
12.0
44.4
37.9
62.6
56.1
s
not preprogrammed
preprogrammed
Recovery from power-down (tPD)
-
40
40
μs
Program suspend latency(6)
-
10
10
μs
-
30
30
μs
Erase suspend request rate(6)
20
20
20
ms
Set protection(6)
40
170
170
µs
Erase suspend latency
(6)
(6)
Min delay between two
requests
1. The figures are given after about 100 cycles due to testing routines (0 cycles at the final customer).
2. Word and Double Word Programming times are provided as average value derived from a full sector programming time:
Absolute value of a Word or Double Word Programming time could be longer than the provided average value.
3. Bank Erase is obtained through a multiple Sector Erase operation (setting bits related to all sectors of the bank).
4. Module Erase is obtained through a sequence of two Bank Erase operations (since each module is composed of two
banks).
5. Chip Erase is obtained through a sequence of two Module Erase operations on I- and X-Module.
6. Not 100% tested, guaranteed by design characterization
Table 92.
.
Data retention characteristics
Number of program / erase cycles
(-40°C < TA < 125°C)
Data retention time
(average ambient temperature 60°C)
832 Kbyte
(code store)
64 Kbyte
(EEPROM emulation)(1)
0 - 100
> 20 years
> 20 years
1000
-
> 20 years
10000
-
10 years
100000
-
1 year
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Electrical characteristics
ST10F276E
1. Two 64 Kbyte Flash sectors may be typically used to emulate up to 4, 8 or 16 Kbytes of EEPROM.
Therefore, in case of an emulation of a 16 Kbyte EEPROM, 100000 Flash Program / Erase cycles are
equivalent to 800000 EEPROM Program/Erase cycles.
For an efficient use of the Read While Write feature and/or EEPROM Emulation please refer to dedicated
application note AN2061 - EEPROM Emulation with ST10F2xx. Contact your local field service, local sales
person or STMicroelectronics representative to obtain a copy of such a guideline document.
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ST10F276E
23.7
Electrical characteristics
A/D converter characteristics
VDD = 5V ± 10%, VSS = 0V, TA = -40 to +125°C, 4.5V ≤ VAREF ≤ VDD,
VSS ≤ VAGND ≤ VSS + 0.2V
Table 93.
A/D converter characteristics
Limit values
Symbol
Parameter
Test condition
Unit
Min.
Max.
VAREFSR
Analog reference voltage(1)
4.5
VDD
V
VAGNDSR
Analog ground voltage
VSS
VSS + 0.2
V
VAGND
VAREF
V
VAIN SR
IAREF CC
tS
tC
CC
CC
DNL CC
INL CC
Analog Input voltage
(2)
mode(3)
Reference supply current
Running
Power Down mode
-
5
1
mA
µA
Sample time
(4)
1
-
µs
Conversion time
(5)
3
-
µs
Differential nonlinearity(6)
No overload
-1
+1
LSB
No overload
-1.5
+1.5
LSB
Integral
nonlinearity(6)
(6)
OFS CC
Offset error
No overload
-1.5
+1.5
LSB
TUE CC
Total unadjusted error(6)
Port5
Port1 - No overload(3)
Port1 - Overload(3)
-2.0
-5.0
-7.0
+2.0
+5.0
+7.0
LSB
LSB
LSB
CC
Coupling factor between
inputs(3)(7)
On both Port5 and
Port1
-
10-6
-
-
3
pF
-
4
6
pF
pF
-
3.5
pF
-
600
1600
Ω
Ω
-
1300
Ω
K
CP1 CC
CP2 CC
CS
CC
RSW CC
RAD CC
Input pin
capacitance(3)(8)
Port5
Port1
Sampling capacitance(3)(8)
Analog switch
resistance(3)(8)
Port5
Port1
1. VAREF can be tied to ground when A/D converter is not in use: An extra consumption (around 200µA) on
main VDD is added due to internal analog circuitry not completely turned off. Therefore, it is suggested to
maintain the VAREF at VDD level even when not in use, and eventually switch off the A/D converter circuitry
setting bit ADOFF in ADCON register.
2. VAIN may exceed VAGND or VAREF up to the absolute maximum ratings. However, the conversion result in
these cases will be 0x000H or 0x3FFH, respectively.
3. Not 100% tested, guaranteed by design characterization.
4. During the sample time, the input capacitance CAIN can be charged/discharged by the external source. The
internal resistance of the analog source must allow the capacitance to reach its final voltage level within tS.
After the end of the sample time tS, changes of the analog input voltage have no effect on the conversion
result.
Values for the sample clock tS depend on programming and can be taken from Table 94.
5. This parameter includes the sample time tS, the time for determining the digital result and the time to load
the result register with the conversion result. Values for the conversion clock tCC depend on programming
and can be taken from next Table 94.
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Electrical characteristics
ST10F276E
6. DNL, INL, OFS and TUE are tested at VAREF = 5.0V, VAGND = 0V, VDD = 5.0V. It is guaranteed by design
characterization for all other voltages within the defined voltage range.
“LSB” has a value of VAREF/1024.
For Port5 channels, the specified TUE (± 2LSB) is also guaranteed with an overload condition (see IOV
specification) occurring on a maximum of 2 not selected analog input pins of Port5 and the absolute sum of
input overload currents on all Port5 analog input pins does not exceed 10 mA.
For Port1 channels, the specified TUE is guaranteed when no overload condition is applied to Port1 pins:
When an overload condition occurs on a maximum of 2 not selected analog input pins of Port1 and the
input positive overload current on all analog input pins does not exceed 10 mA (either dynamic or static
injection), the specified TUE is degraded (± 7LSB). To obtain the same accuracy, the negative injection
current on Port1 pins shall not exceed -1mA in case of both dynamic and static injection.
7. The coupling factor is measured on a channel while an overload condition occurs on the adjacent not
selected channels with the overload current within the different specified ranges (for both positive and
negative injection current).
8. Refer to scheme shown in Figure 47
23.7.1
Conversion timing control
When a conversion starts, first the capacitances of the converter are loaded via the respective analog input pin to the current analog input voltage. The time to load the capacitances is
referred to as sample time. Next, the sampled voltage is converted in several successive
steps into a digital value, which corresponds to the 10-bit resolution of the ADC. During
these steps the internal capacitances are repeatedly charged and discharged via the VAREF
pin.
The current that must be drawn from the sources for sampling and changing charges
depends on the duration of each step because the capacitors must reach their final voltage
level within the given time, at least with a certain approximation. However, the maximum current that a source can deliver depends on its internal resistance.
The time that the two different actions take during conversion (sampling and converting) can
be programmed within a certain range in the ST10F276E relative to the CPU clock. The
absolute time consumed by the different conversion steps is therefore independent from the
general speed of the controller. This allows adjusting the ST10F276E A/D converter to the
properties of the system:
Fast conversion can be achieved by programming the respective times to their absolute
possible minimum. This is preferable for scanning high frequency signals. However, the
internal resistance of analog source and analog supply must be sufficiently low.
High internal resistance can be achieved by programming the respective times to a higher
value or to the possible maximum. This is preferable when using analog sources and supply
with a high internal resistance in order to keep the current as low as possible. However, the
conversion rate in this case may be considerably lower.
The conversion times are programmed via the upper 4 bits of register ADCON. Bit fields
ADCTC and ADSTC define the basic conversion time and in particular the partition between
the sample phase and comparison phases. The table below lists the possible combinations.
The timings refer to the unit TCL, where fCPU = 1/2TCL. A complete conversion time
includes the conversion itself, the sample time and the time required to transfer the digital
value to the result register.
Table 94.
ADCTC
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A/D converter programming
ADSTC
Sample
Comparison
Extra
Total conversion
00
00
TCL * 120
TCL * 240
TCL * 28
TCL * 388
00
01
TCL * 140
TCL * 280
TCL * 16
TCL * 436
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ST10F276E
Electrical characteristics
Table 94.
ADCTC
A/D converter programming (continued)
ADSTC
Sample
Comparison
Extra
Total conversion
00
10
TCL * 200
TCL * 280
TCL * 52
TCL * 532
00
11
TCL * 400
TCL * 280
TCL * 44
TCL * 724
11
00
TCL * 240
TCL * 480
TCL * 52
TCL * 772
11
01
TCL * 280
TCL * 560
TCL * 28
TCL * 868
11
10
TCL * 400
TCL * 560
TCL * 100
TCL * 1060
11
11
TCL * 800
TCL * 560
TCL * 52
TCL * 1444
10
00
TCL * 480
TCL * 960
TCL * 100
TCL * 1540
10
01
TCL * 560
TCL * 1120
TCL * 52
TCL * 1732
10
10
TCL * 800
TCL * 1120
TCL * 196
TCL * 2116
10
11
TCL * 1600
TCL * 1120
TCL * 164
TCL * 2884
Note:
The total conversion time is compatible with the formula valid for ST10F269, while the
meaning of the bit fields ADCTC and ADSTC is no longer compatible: The minimum
conversion time is 388 TCL, which at 40 MHz CPU frequency corresponds to 4.85μs (see
ST10F269).
23.7.2
A/D conversion accuracy
The A/D converter compares the analog voltage sampled on the selected analog input
channel to its analog reference voltage (VAREF) and converts it into 10-bit digital data. The
absolute accuracy of the A/D conversion is the deviation between the input analog value and
the output digital value. It includes the following errors:
●
Offset error (OFS)
●
Gain error (GE)
●
Quantization error
●
Nonlinearity error (differential and integral)
These four error quantities are explained below using Figure 46.
Offset error
Offset error is the deviation between actual and ideal A/D conversion characteristics when
the digital output value changes from the minimum (zero voltage) 00 to 01 (Figure 46, see
OFS).
Gain error
Gain error is the deviation between the actual and ideal A/D conversion characteristics when
the digital output value changes from the 3FE to the maximum 3FF, once offset error is subtracted. Gain error combined with offset error represents the so-called full-scale error
(Figure 46, OFS + GE).
Quantization error
Quantization error is the intrinsic error of the A/D converter and is expressed as 1/2 LSB.
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Electrical characteristics
ST10F276E
Nonlinearity error
Nonlinearity error is the deviation between actual and the best-fitting A/D conversion characteristics (see Figure 46):
–
Differential nonlinearity error is the actual step dimension versus the ideal one (1
LSBIDEAL).
–
Integral nonlinearity error is the distance between the center of the actual step and
the center of the bisector line, in the actual characteristics. Note that for integral
nonlinearity error, the effect of offset, gain and quantization errors is not included.
Note:
Bisector characteristic is obtained drawing a line from 1/2 LSB before the first step of the
real characteristic, and 1/2 LSB after the last step again of the real characteristic.
23.7.3
Total unadjusted error
The total unadjusted error (TUE) specifies the maximum deviation from the ideal characteristic: The number provided in the datasheet represents the maximum error with respect to
the entire characteristic. It is a combination of the offset, gain and integral linearity errors.
The different errors may compensate each other depending on the relative sign of the offset
and gain errors. Refer to Figure 46, see TUE.
Figure 46. A/D conversion characteristic
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Doc ID 12303 Rev 4
ST10F276E
23.7.4
Electrical characteristics
Analog reference pins
The accuracy of the A/D converter depends on the accuracy of its analog reference: A noise
in the reference results in proportionate error in a conversion. A low pass filter on the A/D
converter reference source (supplied through pins VAREF and VAGND), is recommended in
order to clean the signal, minimizing the noise. A simple capacitive bypassing may be sufficient in most cases; in presence of high RF noise energy, inductors or ferrite beads may be
necessary.
In this architecture, VAREF and VAGND pins also represent the power supply of the analog circuitry of the A/D converter: There is an effective DC current requirement from the reference
voltage by the internal resistor string in the R-C DAC array and by the rest of the analog circuitry.
An external resistance on VAREF could introduce error under certain conditions: For this reasons, series resistance is not advisable and more generally, any series devices in the filter
network should be designed to minimize the DC resistance.
23.7.5
Analog input pins
To improve the accuracy of the A/D converter, analog input pins must have low AC impedance. Placing a capacitor with good high frequency characteristics at the input pin of the
device can be effective: The capacitor should be as large as possible, ideally infinite. This
capacitor contributes to attenuating the noise present on the input pin; moreover, its source
charges during the sampling phase, when the analog signal source is a high-impedance
source.
A real filter is typically obtained by using a series resistance with a capacitor on the input pin
(simple RC Filter). The RC filtering may be limited according to the value of source impedance of the transducer or circuit supplying the analog signal to be measured. The filter at the
input pins must be designed taking into account the dynamic characteristics of the input signal (bandwidth).
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Electrical characteristics
ST10F276E
Figure 47. A/D converter input pins scheme
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Input leakage and external circuit
The series resistor utilized to limit the current to a pin (see RL in Figure 47), in combination
with a large source impedance, can lead to a degradation of A/D converter accuracy when
input leakage is present.
Data about maximum input leakage current at each pin is provided in Section 23: Electrical
characteristics. Input leakage is greatest at high operating temperatures and in general
decreases by one half for each 10° C decrease in temperature.
Considering that, for a 10-bit A/D converter one count is about 5mV (assuming VAREF = 5V),
an input leakage of 100nA acting though an RL = 50kΩ of external resistance leads to an
error of exactly one count (5mV); if the resistance were 100kΩ, the error would become two
counts.
Eventual additional leakage due to external clamping diodes must also be taken into
account in computing the total leakage affecting the A/D converter measurements. Another
contribution to the total leakage is represented by the charge sharing effects with the sampling capacitance: CS being substantially a switched capacitance, with a frequency equal to
the conversion rate of a single channel (maximum when fixed channel continuous conversion mode is selected), it can be seen as a resistive path to ground. For instance, assuming
a conversion rate of 250 kHz, with CS equal to 4pF, a resistance of 1MΩ is obtained (REQ =
1 / fCCS, where fC represents the conversion rate at the considered channel). To minimize
the error induced by the voltage partitioning between this resistance (sampled voltage on
CS) and the sum of RS + RF + RL + RSW + RAD, the external circuit must be designed to
respect the following relation:
R S + R F + R L + R SW + R AD 1
V A ⋅ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ < --- LSB
R
2
EQ
192/235
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ST10F276E
Electrical characteristics
The formula above places constraints on external network design, in particular on resistive
path.
A second aspect involving the capacitance network must be considered. Assuming the three
capacitances CF, CP1 and CP2 are initially charged at the source voltage VA (refer to the
equivalent circuit shown in Figure 47), when the sampling phase is started (A/D switch
close), a charge sharing phenomena is installed.
Figure 48. Charge sharing timing diagram during sampling phase
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In particular two different transient periods can be distinguished (see Figure 48):
1.
A first and quick charge transfer from the internal capacitances CP1 and CP2 to the
sampling capacitance CS occurs (CS is supposed initially completely discharged):
Considering a worst case (since the time constant in reality would be faster) in which
CP2 is reported in parallel to CP1 (call CP = CP1 + CP2), the two capacitances CP and
CS are in series and the time constant is:
CP ⋅ CS
τ 1 = ( R SW + R AD ) ⋅ ----------------------C +C
P
S
This relation can again be simplified considering only CS as an additional worst
condition. In reality, the transient is faster, but the A/D converter circuitry has been
designed to also be robust in the very worst case: The sampling time TS is always
much longer than the internal time constant:
τ 1 < ( R SW + R AD ) ⋅ C S 2048 C
⋅S
F
The next section provides an example of how to design the external network, based on
some reasonable values for the internal parameters and on a hypothesis on the characteristics of the analog signal to be sampled.
23.7.6
Example of external network sizing
The following hypothesis is formulated in order to proceed with designing the external network on A/D converter input pins:
–
Analog signal source bandwidth (f0):
10 kHz
–
Conversion rate (fC):
25 kHz
–
Sampling time (TS):
1µs
–
Pin input capacitance (CP1):
5pF
–
Pin input routing capacitance (CP2):
1pF
–
Sampling capacitance (CS):
4pF
–
Maximum input current injection (IINJ):
3mA
–
Maximum analog source voltage (VAM):
12V
–
Analog source impedance (RS):
100Ω
–
Channel switch resistance (RSW):
500Ω
–
Sampling switch resistance (RAD):
200Ω
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Electrical characteristics
1.
ST10F276E
Supposing to design the filter with the pole exactly at the maximum frequency of the
signal, the time constant of the filter is:
1
R C C F = ------------ = 15.9μs
2π f 0
2.
Using the relation between CF and CS and taking some margin (4000 instead of 2048),
it is possible to define CF:
C = 4000 C
⋅ S = 16nF
F
3.
As a consequence of Step 1 and 2, RC can be chosen:
1
R = -------------------- = 995Ω ≅ 1kΩ
F 2πf C
0 F
4.
Considering the current injection limitation and supposing that the source can go up to
12V, the total series resistance can be defined as:
V
AM
R + R + R = ------------- = 4kΩ
S
F
L I
INJ
5.
from which is now simple to define the value of RL:
V
AM
R = ------------- – R – R = 2.9kΩ
L I
F
S
INJ
Now, the three elements of the external circuit RF, CF and RL are defined. Some conditions
discussed in the previous paragraphs have been used to size the component; the others
must now be verified. The relation which allows to minimize the accuracy error introduced by
the switched capacitance equivalent resistance is in this case:
R
EQ
1
= --------------- = 10MΩ
f C
C S
So the error due to the voltage partitioning between the real resistive path and CS is less
then half a count (considering the worst case when VA = 5V):
R +R +R +R
+R
1
S
F
L
SW
AD
V A⋅ ------------------------------------------------------------------------- = 2.35mV < --- LSB
R
2
EQ
The other conditions to verify are if the time constants of the transients are really and
significantly shorter than the sampling period duration TS:
τ = (R
+R
) ⋅ C = 2.8ns
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